Science Formative Assessment, Volume 1

Preface Acknowledgments About the Author Chapter 1: An Introduction to Formative Assessment Classroom Techniques (FACTs) What Does a Formative Assessment-Centered Classroom Look Like? Why Use FACTs? How Does Research Support the Use of FACTs? Classroom Environments That Support Formative Assessment Connecting Teaching and Learning Understanding Misconceptions in Science: Misconceptions About Misconceptions Making the Shift to a Formative Assessment-Centered Classroom Connections to Current State Standards, A Framework for K-12 Science Education, Next Generation Science Standards, and Literacy Capacities Chapter 2: Connecting FACTs to Instruction and Learning Integrating Assessment and Instruction Assessment That Promotes Thinking and Learning Linking Assessment, Instruction, and Learning: The Science Assessment, Instruction, and Learning (SAIL) Cycle Stages in the SAIL Cycle Engagement and Readiness Eliciting Prior Knowledge Exploration and Discovery Concept and Skill Development Concept and Skill Transfer Self-Assessment and Reflection Selecting and Using FACTs to Strengthen the Link Between Assessment, Instruction, and Learning Chapter 3: Considerations for Selecting, Implementing, and Using Data From FACTs Selecting FACTs Selecting FACTs to Match Learning Goals and Standards FACTs and Core Disciplinary Content FACTs and the Scientific and Engineering Practices Selecting FACTs to Match Teaching Goals The Critical Importance of Classroom Context in Selecting FACTs Planning to Use and Implement FACTs Starting Off With Small Steps Maintaining and Extending Implementation 25 Way to Lead Learning About Formative Assessment Using Data From the FACTs Chapter 4: Get the FACTs! 75 Science Formative Assessment Classroom Techniques (FACTs) 1. A&D Statements 2. Agreement Circles 3. Annotated Student Drawings 4. Card Sorts 5. CCC-Collaborative Clued Corrections 6. Chain Notes 7. Commit and Toss 8. Concept Card Mapping 9. Concept Cartoons 10. Data Match 11. Directed Paraphrasing 12. Explanation Analysis 13. Fact First Questioning 14. Familiar Phenomenon Probes 15. First Word-Last Word 16. Fishbowl Think Aloud 17. Fist to Five 18. Focused Listing 19. Four Corners 20. Frayer Model 21. Friendly Talk Probes 22. Give Me Five 23. Guided Reciprocal Peer Questioning 24. Human Scattergraph 25. Informal Student Interviews 26. Interest Scale 27. I Think-We Think 28. I Used to Think . . . But Now I Know 29. Juicy Questions 30. Justified List 31. Justified True or False Statements 32. K-W-L Variations 33. Learning Goals Inventory (LGI) 34. Look Back 35. Missed Conception 36. Muddiest Point 37. No-Hands Questioning 38. Odd One Out 39. Paint the Picture 40. Partner Speaks 41. Pass the Question 42. A Picture Tells a Thousand Words 43. P-E-O Probes (Predict, Explain, Observe) 44. POMS-Point of Most Significance 45. Popsicle Stick Questioning 46. Prefacing 47. PVF-Paired Verbal Fluency 48. Question Generating 49. Recognizing Exceptions 50. Refutations 51. Representation Analysis 52. RERUN 53. Scientists' Ideas Comparison 54. Sequencing Cards 55. Sticky Bars 56. STIP-Scientific Terminology Inventory Probe 57. Student Evaluation of Learning Gains 58. Synectics 59. Ten-Two 60. Thinking Log 61. Think-Pair-Share 62. Thought Experiments 63. Three-Minute Pause 64. Three-Two-One 65. Traffic Light Cards 66. Traffic Light Cups 67. Traffic Light Dots 68. Two-Minute Paper 69. Two or Three Before Me 70. Two Stars and a Wish 71. Two-Thirds Testing 72. Volleyball-Not Ping-Pong! 73. Wait Time Variations 74. What Are You Doing and Why? 75. Whiteboarding Appendix: Annotated Resources for Science Formative Assessment References Index