| Preface | p. xi |
| Acknowledgments | p. xiv |
| Wireless signals | p. 1 |
| Modern wireless communications | p. 1 |
| OFDM primer | p. 3 |
| Impact of clipping on OFDM | p. 9 |
| Spectral regrowth and clipping | p. 12 |
| Metrics | p. 13 |
| Multisine | p. 14 |
| References | p. 15 |
| Large-signal vector measurement techniques with NVNAs | p. 17 |
| Measurement of RF signals | p. 17 |
| Principle of operation of vector large-signal measurements | p. 19 |
| Sampler-based principle of operation | p. 23 |
| Relative and absolute power and harmonic phase calibrations | p. 27 |
| Calibration for connectorized devices | p. 27 |
| On-wafer calibration | p. 33 |
| Tuner deembedding with the LSNA | p. 35 |
| Definitions | p. 36 |
| Extraction of ßC, C, and C in TC | p. 38 |
| Extraction of (1/KC)TP | p. 38 |
| Extraction of LRRM(Zx) | p. 39 |
| Modulated measurements and IF calibration | p. 39 |
| Absolute time reference calibration for RF modulated measurements | p. 40 |
| Broadband measurements with the LSNA | p. 42 |
| Principle of phase calibration | p. 44 |
| Experimental results and discussions | p. 48 |
| Pulsed-RF small- and large-signal measurements | p. 51 |
| Analysis of pulsed-RF signals | p. 52 |
| Pulsed I-V pulsed-RF measurement system with the LSNA | p. 53 |
| Measurement bandwidth | p. 55 |
| Envelope analysis of pulsed-RF signals | p. 56 |
| Multiple recording of pulsed-RF signals | p. 58 |
| Multiple recording for CW signals | p. 59 |
| Multiple recording for jointly pulsed and modulated signals | p. 62 |
| References | p. 63 |
| Device modeling and verification with NVNA measurements | p. 66 |
| Model verification | p. 66 |
| Model symmetry | p. 72 |
| Device parasitics | p. 75 |
| Model extraction from power-sweep measurements | p. 81 |
| Model extraction from dynamic loadline measurements | p. 83 |
| References | p. 87 |
| Characterization and modeling of memory effects in RF power transistors | p. 89 |
| Importance of memory effects in RF devices | p. 89 |
| Distributed and transient models for self-heating in power transistors | p. 90 |
| Steady-state thermal modeling | p. 90 |
| Implementation of the distributed thermal model | p. 92 |
| Transient thermal response | p. 94 |
| Modeling of the transient thermal response | p. 96 |
| Identification of self-heating using pulsed I-V pulsed-RF measurements | p. 98 |
| CW dynamic loadline measurement system | p. 99 |
| Pulsed I-V pulsed-RF loadline measurement system | p. 99 |
| Origin of the I-V knee walk-out in the CW-RF loadlines | p. 100 |
| Trapping in GaN HEMTs | p. 103 |
| Characterization with a combined LSNA/DLOS system | p. 105 |
| Quasi-static device parasitics | p. 108 |
| Rate equation for physical modeling of trapping effects | p. 111 |
| Two-trap-level model | p. 113 |
| Cyclostationary effect | p. 115 |
| Theory | p. 115 |
| Experimental investigations | p. 116 |
| References | p. 120 |
| Interactive loadline-based design of RF power amplifiers | p. 124 |
| Review of power amplifiers of various classes (A-F) | p. 124 |
| Output termination with load-pull measurements | p. 134 |
| Active load-pull measurements | p. 135 |
| Real-time active load-pull measurements | p. 136 |
| Class-F design with RTALP | p. 140 |
| Complete design cycle for a pHEMT amplifier | p. 147 |
| RTALP of PAs for pulsed I-V pulsed-RF class-B operation | p. 150 |
| P1dB contour plot | p. 154 |
| Class-E PA operation | p. 155 |
| References | p. 158 |
| Behavioral modeling | p. 160 |
| Behavioral model for SISO and MIMO systems | p. 160 |
| Volterra modeling | p. 161 |
| Volterra algorithm | p. 162 |
| Model derivation | p. 165 |
| Analytic example | p. 168 |
| Model extraction | p. 171 |
| Experimental model extraction and validation | p. 172 |
| Phase reference | p. 174 |
| Poly-harmonic distortion model (PHD) | p. 175 |
| Single-band multi-harmonic envelope PA model | p. 179 |
| Input signal | p. 180 |
| Orthogonal Chaillot expansion | p. 180 |
| Memoryless nonlinear system modeling | p. 183 |
| Quasi-memoryless nonlinear system modeling | p. 185 |
| Power-series expansion | p. 186 |
| Multi-path model partitioning | p. 187 |
| Time-selective single-band multi-harmonic envelope PA model | p. 187 |
| Two-band fundamental envelope PA model | p. 190 |
| Nonlinear power-amplifier characterization with NVNA | p. 192 |
| Extension to higher-order nonlinearities | p. 194 |
| Modulated two-band model | p. 195 |
| Appendix: Volterra series expansion for a four-tone excitation | p. 198 |
| References | p. 200 |
| Kurokawa theory of oscillator design and phase-noise theory | p. 201 |
| Oscillator operating point | p. 201 |
| Kurokawa theory of oscillators | p. 203 |
| Vector measurement of device line with real-time active load-pull | p. 207 |
| Test oscillator circuit | p. 207 |
| Real-time multi-harmonic active load-pull system | p. 208 |
| Experimental results | p. 209 |
| Self-oscillation test | p. 213 |
| Impact of white noise on an oscillator | p. 215 |
| Impact of 1/f noise on an oscillator | p. 222 |
| Derivation of Sa,1/f() | p. 223 |
| Derivation of S,1/f() | p. 224 |
| Range of validity of the Kurokawa equations | p. 227 |
| Injection locking and additive phase-noise measurements | p. 229 |
| Theory | p. 229 |
| Experimental measurements | p. 233 |
| References | p. 235 |
| Design, modeling, and linearization of mixers, modulators, and demodulators | p. 237 |
| Vector characterization of an I-Q modulator | p. 237 |
| Balancing of an I-Q modulator | p. 237 |
| K modeling | p. 238 |
| I-Q modulator characterization with LSNA | p. 240 |
| K modeling of an I-Q modulator and an I-Q demodulator chain | p. 243 |
| Polyphase multi-path technique | p. 248 |
| Nonlinear behavior | p. 249 |
| Polyphase multi-path technique | p. 249 |
| Poly-harmonic modeling of a single-sideband modulator | p. 253 |
| Theory | p. 253 |
| Poly-harmonic predistortion linearization test results | p. 257 |
| References | p. 261 |
| Linearization of RF power amplifiers with memory | p. 262 |
| Predistortion linearization and the impact of memory effects | p. 262 |
| Predistortion for quasi-memoryless amplifiers | p. 266 |
| Linearization for PAs modeled with memory polynomials | p. 269 |
| Two-band frequency-selective predistorter | p. 274 |
| References | p. 279 |
| Index | p. 280 |
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