Numerical Methods for Modeling Metasurface with GSTC

About the Authors xi
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Overview of Metasurfaces 2
1.2 Computational Electromagnetic Methods 5
1.3 Layout of This Book 8

2 Metasurface Modeling 13
2.1 Effective Media Modeling Techniques 13
2.1.1 Asymptotic Analysis of Maxwell's Equations 13
2.1.2 Electromagnetic Material Properties 15
2.1.3 Traditional Boundary Conditions 21
2.2 GSTCs for Metasurfaces 25
2.2.1 A Bit of History 26
2.2.2 Derivation of GSTC 27
2.2.3 Comparison of GSTC and Other Boundary Conditions 34
2.2.4 Analytic Solutions with GSTC 35
2.3 Susceptibility Determination Method 40
2.3.1 Tangential Susceptibilities Determination 40
2.3.2 Normal Susceptibility Determination 44
2.3.3 Transformation from Other Electromagnetic Parameters 45
2.3.4 Examples of Determination 47
2.4 Conclusion 55

3 Frequency-Domain Method for Metasurface Using GSTCs 61
3.1 FDFD Method with GSTCs 62
3.1.1 Introduction of FDFD Method 62
3.1.2 Strategies for Integrating GSTCs in FDFD 66
3.1.3 Simulation Examples 70
3.2 FEM with GSTCs 77
3.2.1 Introduction of FEM 77
3.2.2 Strategies for Integrating GSTCs in FEM 82
3.2.3 Simulation Examples 85
3.3 SEM with GSTCs 95
3.3.1 Introduction of SEM 95
3.3.2 GSTCs Implementation in SEM 100
3.3.3 Simulation Examples 103
3.4 IE Method with GSTCs 108
3.4.1 Introduction of IE Method 108
3.4.2 Strategies for Integrating GSTCs in IE 114
3.4.3 Simulation Examples 122
3.5 Conclusion 134

4 Time-Domain Method for Metasurface Using GSTCs 141
4.1 FDTD Method with GSTCs 142
4.1.1 Introduction of the FDTD Method 142
4.1.2 Dispersive Susceptibility and Parameter Fitting 160
4.1.3 Strategies for Integrating GSTC in FDTD 162
4.1.4 Simulation Examples 179
4.2 DGTD Method with GSTCs 185
4.2.1 Introduction of the DGTD Method 185
4.2.2 Strategies for Integrating GSTCs in DGTD 196
4.2.3 Simulation Examples 213
4.3 Conclusion 218

5 Conclusions and Remarks 225
5.1 Conclusions on the GSTC and Surface Susceptibility Model 225
5.2 Conclusions on Numerical Algorithms 226
5.3 Future Challenges 229
5.3.1 Artificial Intelligence in Susceptibility Retrieval 229
5.3.2 Rationality of the Surface Susceptibilities Model 229
5.3.3 Calculation Rules of Surface Susceptibilities 230
5.3.4 GSTC in the High-Frequency Method 230

References 231
Index 233