| Preface | p. ix |
| Digital Video Transport System | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Functions of Video Transport Systems | p. 3 |
| Fixed Length Packet vs. Variable Length Packet | p. 8 |
| The Packetization Approach and Functionality | p. 11 |
| The Link Layer Header | p. 12 |
| The Adaptation Layer | p. 14 |
| Buffer, Timing and Synchronization | p. 16 |
| Multiplexing Functionality | p. 20 |
| Inter-operability, Transcoding and Re-multiplexing | p. 23 |
| Bibliography | p. 26 |
| Digital Video Compression Schemes | p. 29 |
| Video Compression Technology | p. 29 |
| Basic Terminology and Methods for Data Coding | p. 30 |
| Fundamental Compression Algorithms | p. 35 |
| Run-Length Coding | p. 38 |
| Huffman Coding | p. 38 |
| Arithmetic Coding | p. 40 |
| Predictive Coding | p. 42 |
| Transform Coding | p. 43 |
| Subband Coding | p. 48 |
| Vector Quantization | p. 52 |
| Image and Video Compression Standards | p. 55 |
| JPEG | p. 55 |
| H.261 and H.263 | p. 56 |
| MPEG-1 | p. 57 |
| MPEG-2 | p. 62 |
| MPEG-4 | p. 65 |
| Rate Control | p. 69 |
| Bibliography | p. 71 |
| Buffer Constraints on Compressed Digital Video | p. 75 |
| Video Compression Buffer | p. 75 |
| Buffer Constraints for Variable-Rate Channels | p. 77 |
| Buffer Dynamics | p. 78 |
| Buffer Constraints | p. 80 |
| Buffer Verification for Channels with Rate-Constraints | p. 83 |
| Constant-Rate Channel | p. 83 |
| Leaky-Bucket Channel | p. 84 |
| Compression System with Joint Channel and Encoder Rate-Control | p. 87 |
| System Description | p. 87 |
| Joint Encoder and Channel Rate Control Operation | p. 88 |
| Rate Control Algorithms | p. 90 |
| Encoder Rate Control | p. 90 |
| MPEG-2 Rate Control | p. 90 |
| MPEG-4 Rate Control | p. 93 |
| H.261 Rate Control | p. 95 |
| Leaky-Bucket Channel Rate Control | p. 97 |
| Bibliography | p. 98 |
| System Clock Recovery for Video Synchronization | p. 101 |
| Video Synchronization Techniques | p. 101 |
| System Clock Recovery | p. 104 |
| Requirements on Video System Clock | p. 104 |
| Analysis of the Decoder PLL | p. 106 |
| Implementation of a 2nd-order D-PLL | p. 112 |
| Packetization Jitter and Its effect on Decoder Clock Recovery | p. 116 |
| Time-stamping and Packetization Jitter | p. 116 |
| Possible Input Process due to PCR Unaware Scheme | p. 118 |
| Solutions for Providing Acceptable Clock Quality | p. 126 |
| Bibliography | p. 130 |
| Time-stamping for decoding and presentation | p. 133 |
| Video Decoding and Presentation Timestamps | p. 133 |
| Computation of MPEG-2 Video PTS and DTS | p. 137 |
| B-picture Type Disabled, Non-film Mode | p. 137 |
| B-picture Type Disabled, Film Mode | p. 138 |
| Single B-picture, Non-Film Mode | p. 141 |
| Single B-picture, Film Mode | p. 144 |
| Double B-picture, Non-Film Mode | p. 147 |
| Double B-picture, Film Mode | p. 149 |
| Time Stamp Errors | p. 151 |
| Bibliography | p. 152 |
| Video Buffer Management and MPEG Video Buffer Verifier | p. 155 |
| Video Buffer Management | p. 155 |
| Conditions for Preventing Decoder Buffer Underflow and Overflow | p. 157 |
| MPEG-2 Video Buffer Verifier | p. 161 |
| MPEG-4 Video Buffer Verifier | p. 164 |
| Comparison between MPEG-2 VBV and MPEG-4 VBV | p. 169 |
| Bibliography | p. 170 |
| Transcoder Buffer Dynamics and Regenerating Timestamps | p. 173 |
| Video Transcoder | p. 173 |
| Buffer Analysis of Video Transcoder | p. 177 |
| Buffer dynamics of the encoder-decoder only system | p. 178 |
| Transcoder with a fixed compression ratio | p. 181 |
| Transcoder with a Variable Compression Ratio | p. 184 |
| Regenerating Timestamps in Transcoder | p. 188 |
| Bibliography | p. 190 |
| Transport Packet Scheduling and Multiplexing | p. 193 |
| MPEG-2 Video Transport | p. 193 |
| Transport Stream coding structure | p. 193 |
| Transport Stream System Target Decoder (T-STD) | p. 194 |
| Synchronization in MPEG-2 by Using STD | p. 197 |
| Synchronization Using a Master Stream | p. 198 |
| Synchronization in Distributed Playback | p. 199 |
| Transport Packet Scheduling | p. 199 |
| Multiplexing of Compressed Video Streams | p. 203 |
| A Model of Multiplexing Systems | p. 205 |
| Statistical Multiplexing Algorithm | p. 208 |
| Bibliography | p. 210 |
| Examples of Video Transport Multiplexer | p. 213 |
| An MPEG-2 Transport Stream Multiplexer | p. 214 |
| Overview of the Program Multiplexer | p. 214 |
| Software Process for Generating TS Packets | p. 217 |
| Implementation Architecture | p. 221 |
| An MPEG-2 Re-multiplexer | p. 225 |
| ReMux System Requirements | p. 226 |
| Basic Functions of the ReMux | p. 228 |
| Buffer and Synchronization in ReMux | p. 231 |
| Bibliography | p. 234 |
| Basics on Digital Video Transmission Systems | p. 237 |
| Index | p. 257 |
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