Studies in Cognitive Systems

Behavior, Mind and Machines Before and Beyond Cybernetics

By: R. Cordeschi

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Hardcover | 31 July 2002

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344 Pages

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24.77 x 16.51 x 1.91

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This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychology through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and to computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The present volume offers a broad and imaginative approach to the study of the mind, which emphasizes several themes, namely: the importance of functional organization apart from the specific material by means of which it may be implemented; the use of modeling to simulate these functional processes and subject them to certain kinds of tests; the use of mentalistic language to describe and predict the behavior of artifacts; and the subsumption of processes of adaptation, learning, and intelligence by means of explanatory principles. The author has produced a rich and complex, lucid and readable discussion that clarifies and illuminates many of the most difficult problems arising within this difficult domain.

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Non-Fiction Reference, Information & Interdisciplinary Subjects Research & Information Information theory Cybernetics & Systems Theory Medicine Medicine in General Psychology Cognition & Cognitive Psychology Computing & I.T.Computer Science Artificial Intelligence

Philosophy Philosophy of The Mind

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Published: 15th December 2010

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Acknowledgements	p. vii
Introduction	p. xi
Chemical machines and action systems
Introduction. Living organisms and machines	p. 1
Loeb and the orientation mechanisms of Hammond: "natural" and "artificial" machines	p. 3
The dispute over automata after Huxley. "Automatic" and "plastic" regulation of behavior	p. 11
Jennings and the action system	p. 17
Machines and functional organization	p. 23
Men, animals and machines. Reductionism and mentalistic language	p. 27
Nervous conduction: early connectionism, physical analogies and machines
Introduction. Neurological hypotheses and machines	p. 31
Nervous conduction as drainage: Spencer, james and McDougall	p. 33
Meyer's drainage theory and the limits of mechanical analogy	p. 44
Thorndike and the origins of connectionism	p. 52
Inorganic nervous systems: Bent Russell's machine	p. 56
Other ideas about nervous conduction	p. 63
Engineers' machines and biologists' machines	p. 67
Stephens' connectionist machine	p. 75
The Robot Approach
Introduction. Forms of learning	p. 82
Simulating learning processes	p. 85
Rashevsky's physics of mind	p. 94
Automatism and rudimentary forms of thought	p. 98
"Ultra-automatism." Hull's "psychic" machine	p. 101
The advent of robotics and developments of Hull's simulation method	p. 106
What happened to the robot approach?	p. 111
Behavior, purpose and teleology
Introduction. Teleological explanations	p. 116
Adaptation as equilibration. Lillie and the "reconciliation" of teleology with science	p. 119
Warren and teleology as a scientific problem	p. 123
Purpose in the natural world and in artefacts	p. 125
True and derivative teleology	p. 128
Learning and teleology: Perry, McDougall and Tolman	p. 132
Craik's symbolic theory of thought and synthetic method	p. 137
Learning and feedback	p. 148
Cybernetics and the origins of Artificial Intelligence
Introduction. The turning point	p. 153
Cybernetic robotics	p. 155
Mechanical models and theories of behavior	p. 163
The intelligent computer	p. 170
The origins of Artificial Intelligence	p. 176
New steps towards the artificial
Introduction: symbols or neurons?	p. 187
Meaning and knowledge: some difficulties for AI	p. 190
Common-sense problems for computers	p. 198
The origins of cognitive science. Old and new connectionism	p. 211
Artificial Life and the development of robotics	p. 226
The many forms of the artificial
Five theses on the artificial	p. 241
Some initial distinctions	p. 242
The modeling method and functionalism	p. 246
Representations and mentalistic language	p. 257
The discovery of the artificial: hopes, defeats and successes	p. 273
References	p. 281
List of machines	p. 296
Name Index	p. 299
Subject Index	p. 307
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Studies in Cognitive Systems

Behavior, Mind and Machines Before and Beyond Cybernetics

At a Glance

Hardcover

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

Other Editions and Formats

Paperback

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