| List of figures | p. xii |
| List of tables | p. xiii |
| Preface | p. xv |
| On the Study of War | p. 1 |
| Explanatory configurations | p. 3 |
| The promises and pitfalls of ecological variables | p. 6 |
| The meanings of war | p. 9 |
| What men fight about: issues and international conflict | p. 12 |
| A map of a map | p. 16 |
| Defining issues | p. 17 |
| Data sources: geographical and temporal domains | p. 20 |
| Attitudes toward war | p. 21 |
| Issues, war, and peace: creating international orders | p. 21 |
| Munster and Osnabruck, 1648: Peace by Pieces | p. 25 |
| The Thirty Years War | p. 26 |
| Planning for peace | p. 29 |
| Negotiations at Munster and Osnabruck | p. 32 |
| Outcomes | p. 34 |
| A new order for Europe? | p. 37 |
| War and Peace in the Era of the Heroic Warriors, 1648-1713 | p. 43 |
| Issues that generated wars | p. 46 |
| Attitudes to war | p. 63 |
| Act Two of the Hegemony Drama: The Utrecht Settlements | p. 71 |
| The British "Plan" | p. 73 |
| Outcomes | p. 76 |
| Analysis | p. 79 |
| The Lethal Minuet: War and Peace Among the Princes of Christendom, 1715-1814 | p. 83 |
| Issues that generated wars | p. 87 |
| War in the post-Utrecht international system | p. 102 |
| The meaning of war | p. 105 |
| The problem of peace | p. 111 |
| Peace Through Equilibrium: the Settlements of 1814-1815 | p. 114 |
| Diagnoses | p. 116 |
| Solutions | p. 119 |
| Forging the settlement | p. 127 |
| Allied unity unraveled: defining threats to peace | p. 130 |
| Assessment | p. 132 |
| Conflict and Consent, 1815-1914 | p. 138 |
| War and intervention in Concert Europe | p. 139 |
| New war-generating issues | p. 145 |
| Old and declining issues | p. 150 |
| The character of war preparation | p. 156 |
| The meaning of war | p. 158 |
| The problem of peace | p. 164 |
| Nation-state creation and system breakdown | p. 169 |
| 1919: Peace Through Democracy and Convenant | p. 175 |
| Woodrow Wilson: the moral-political universe | p. 181 |
| Replacing the old with the new: the moral and political foundations of enduring peace | p. 184 |
| The political foundations of the new international order: democracy, covenants, and arms control | p. 185 |
| Peace through a preponderance of power: Clemenceau | p. 189 |
| Peace through conflict resolution mechanisms: the British contribution | p. 194 |
| Paris 1919: the importance of preliminaries and procedures | p. 196 |
| The drama of the League of Nations Commission | p. 199 |
| The German settlement | p. 205 |
| Evaluation | p. 208 |
| War Ah Thk Aptrrmath of Prace: International Confl.ICT, 1918-1941 | p. 213 |
| Issues that generated wars, 1918-1941 | p. 217 |
| Attitudes toward war | p. 228 |
| Peace by Policing | p. 243 |
| Wilson revisited and revised: the United States | p. 245 |
| Balance of power: Great Britain and the postwar order | p. 251 |
| Security through expansion: Stalin and the postwar order | p. 254 |
| Changing American conceptions of international security | p. 264 |
| Dealing with issues: past and future in international organization | p. 267 |
| The Diversification of Warfare: Issues and Attitudes in the Contemporary International System | p. 271 |
| The issues | p. 284 |
| Attitudes toward war | p. 285 |
| War: Issues, Attitudes, and Explanations | p. 306 |
| Territory | p. 307 |
| Nation-state creation and war | p. 311 |
| Ideology and war | p. 311 |
| Economics and war | p. 314 |
| Human sympathy: ethnicity, religion, and war | p. 317 |
| Predation and survival | p. 318 |
| Remaining issues | p. 319 |
| Issues of the future | p. 324 |
| Attitudes and war | p. 325 |
| Issues, war, and international theory | p. 328 |
| The Peacemakers: Issues and International Order | p. 335 |
| The prerequisites for peace | p. 336 |
| Peacemaking and international order: a comparison | p. 340 |
| The peacemakers: theories of peace | p. 348 |
| References | p. 354 |
| Additional data sources | p. 368 |
| Index | p. 371 |
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