Introduction Galia Golan, Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Louis Kriesberg, Syracuse University Chapter 2: Gendered Perspective on Intractable Conflicts and Power Sharing Ayelet Harel-Shalev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Chapter 3: Mapping and Monitoring Global Insecurity and the Global Illicit Economy: The Effects of Intractable Conflicts Margaret Hermann, Syracuse University Chapter 4: Unrecognized States: Theory, Cases, and Policy Implications Kristy Buzard, Syracuse University; Benjamin A.T. Graham, University of Southern California; Ben Horne Chapter 5: Transformation of Armed Conflict: Lessons from the Arab-Israeli Conflict Galia Golan, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Chapter 6: Dynamics Contexts of Conflict: Complicated Actors and Settings in Northern Ireland Ronit Berger, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel Chapter 7: Social Media Use and Fear Levels after the Paris 2015 Attacks: A Comparative Study Bernard Enjolras, Institute for Social Research in Oslo, Norway; Shana Kushner Gadarian, Syracuse University; Kari Steen-Johnsen, Institute for Social Research in Oslo, Norway Chapter 8: The Creation of Space for Conflict Change: Context, Society and Leadership in Northern Ireland during the 1990s Nimrod Rosler, Tel Aviv University Chapter 9: Between Ripeness and Necessity: Responsibility to Protect (R2P) and the Tipping Point for External Intervention Timea Spitka, Hebrew University Chapter 10: Global Imbalances, Currency Wars, and U.S. Hegemony Stuart Brown, Syracuse University Chapter 11: Responding to Gun Murders in Syracuse, NY: A Multilevel, Multimodal Interventions Approach Robert Rubinstein, Syracuse University; Sandra D. Lane, Syracuse University; Timothy "Noble" Jennings-Bey, Street Addiction Institute, Inc., Syracuse, NY; Najah Salaam Chapter 12: Intergroup Dialogue, Constructive Conflict and Social Power: Towards Transforming Inequality Diane Swords, Intergroup Dialogue Program, Syracuse University Chapter 13: Transforming Conflicts: Barriers and Overcoming Them Daniel Bar-Tal, Tel Aviv University Chapter 14: Back to the Tribes: Tribes' Centrality in Iraq's Inter-community Rapprochement Amatzia Baram, University of Haifa Chapter 15: U.S. and North Korea: A Gordian Conflict Stuart Thorson, Syracuse University; Hyunjin Seo, University of Kansas Chapter 16: Transit Migration, Borders, and Activism: Understanding the Changing Geographies and Temporalities of International Migration Jared Van Ramshorst and Jamie Winders, Syracuse University Chapter 17: Transforming Intractable Conflicts under the Shadow of the Past: The Sunk Cost and Inaction Inertia Effects Lesley Terris, Lauder School of Government, Policy and Diplomacy of the Interdisciplinary Center; Orit E. Tykocinski, Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Chapter 18: Velvet Transformation in South Africa: Mandela, De Klerk, or Something Else Mordechai Tamarkin, Tel Aviv University Chapter 19: The Fractal Nature of Intractable Conflict: Implications for Sustainable Transformation Joshua Fisher and Peter T. Coleman, Columbia University Chapter 20: From Peacebuilding to Constructive Conflict Management: Reconsidering Intervention under Conditions of Intractability Bruce W. Dayton, SIT Graduate Institute, School for International Training Conclusion: Looking Forward Catherine Gerard, Syracuse University and Miriam Elman, Syracuse University