| Preface | p. ix |
| Color Plates | p. xi |
| CAK from Marine Invertebrates to Human | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Regulation of the Cell Cycle by Cyclin-Dependent Kinases | p. 1 |
| Regulation of CDKs in Higher Eukaryotic Cells | p. 2 |
| The Role of T-loop Phosphorylation in CDK Activation | p. 2 |
| Activation of CDKs by Cyclin H-CDK7-MAT1 Complexes | p. 3 |
| Regulation of the Enzymatic Activity of CAK | p. 4 |
| Regulation of CAK in the Cell | p. 5 |
| Other Substrates of Mammalian CAK | p. 6 |
| Evidence of the Existence of Other CAKs in Higher Eukaryotes | p. 6 |
| Conclusion | p. 7 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 7 |
| Activating Phosphorylation of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in Budding Yeast | p. 13 |
| Introduction | p. 13 |
| Historical View of Cak1p Identification | p. 14 |
| Substrates and Biochemistry of Cak1p | p. 16 |
| Biochemical Characterization of Cak1p | p. 17 |
| Regulation and Localization of Cak1p | p. 18 |
| Cak1p and its Roles in Meiotic Development | p. 18 |
| Removal of the Activating Phosphorylation from Cdc28p | p. 21 |
| The Activation Pathway of Cdc28p | p. 22 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 24 |
| CDK-Activation in Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe: Specificity Mediated by Distinct CAK Kinases | p. 31 |
| Introduction | p. 31 |
| Characteristics of the Fission Yeast Cell Cycle | p. 31 |
| Regulation of S. pombe Cdc2 | p. 32 |
| Mcs6-Mcs2-Pmh1 is a CDK-Activating Kinase Related to Metazoan CDK7-Cyclin H-MAT1 | p. 32 |
| The Mcs6 CAK is Activated by the CAK-Activating Kinase (CAKAK) Csk1 | p. 33 |
| Functions of Mcs6-Mcs2-Pmh1 Kinase Complex | p. 34 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 35 |
| Drosophila CDK7: A Paradigm for CAK in Metazoans | p. 39 |
| Introduction | p. 39 |
| The CDKs of Drosophila | p. 39 |
| The Cell Cycles of Drosophila | p. 40 |
| A Brief History of CAK | p. 43 |
| The Requirement for CAK(s) in Drosophila | p. 43 |
| Drosophila CDK7, a CAK in Vivo | p. 44 |
| Drosophila CDK7 in Transcription | p. 46 |
| Regulation of CDK7 Activity | p. 47 |
| Evolutionary Considerations | p. 47 |
| Are there Other CAKs in Drosophila? | p. 48 |
| Conclusions | p. 48 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 49 |
| CDK-Activating Kinases in Higher Plants | p. 55 |
| Introduction | p. 55 |
| Plant CDKs and Cyclins | p. 55 |
| Vertebrate-Type CAKs in Plants | p. 56 |
| The Distinct CAK of Arabidopsis | p. 58 |
| Regulation of CAK Activities in Plants | p. 60 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 61 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 61 |
| Structural Aspects of CDK Activation | p. 65 |
| Introduction | p. 65 |
| CDK Activation | p. 65 |
| Activation of CDK6 | p. 74 |
| Structural Models for Activation of CDK7 | p. 76 |
| Cak1p/Civ1p | p. 79 |
| Conclusions | p. 80 |
| Abbreviations | p. 80 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 81 |
| Activation of CDKs by CAK: CAK in TFIIH | p. 85 |
| Introduction | p. 85 |
| CAK as part of TFIIH | p. 85 |
| The Role of CAK in DNA Repair | p. 87 |
| Transcriptional Regulation by CAK | p. 90 |
| Phosphorylation of Basal Transcription Factors Regulates Transcription | p. 90 |
| Regulation of Transcription and RNA pol II CTD Phosphorylation | p. 91 |
| CAK is Involved in Activated Transcription | p. 91 |
| Conclusions and Perspectives | p. 93 |
| Abbreviations | p. 94 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 94 |
| The Evolution of CDK-Activating Kinases | p. 99 |
| Introduction | p. 99 |
| The Evolution of CAKs | p. 99 |
| Summary | p. 108 |
| Acknowledgements | p. 109 |
| Index | p. 113 |
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