Invitation to Contemporary Physics : 2nd Edition
By: Narendra Kumar, Harry Chi-sing Lam, Ho-kim Quang
Paperback | 5 January 2004 | Edition Number 2
At a Glance
500 Pages
Revised
24.94 x 16.66 x 2.49
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Preface | p. v |
Symmetry of Nature and Nature of Symmetry | p. 1 |
What Is Symmetry That We Should Be Mindful of It? | p. 1 |
Space-Time Symmetries: Invariance and the Great Conservation Laws | p. 14 |
Reflection Symmetry | p. 19 |
Gauge Symmetry | p. 30 |
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (SSB) | p. 33 |
Summary | p. 38 |
Further Reading | p. 39 |
Lasers and Physics | p. 41 |
Invitation to the New Optics | p. 41 |
Conventional Light Sources | p. 42 |
Light and Electromagnetic Radiation | p. 42 |
Spontaneous Radiation | p. 45 |
Summary | p. 48 |
What is a Laser? | p. 48 |
Stimulated Radiation | p. 49 |
Laser Action | p. 50 |
Laser Light | p. 52 |
Summary | p. 54 |
Types of Lasers | p. 55 |
Solid-state Lasers | p. 55 |
Gas Lasers | p. 56 |
Semiconductor Lasers | p. 58 |
All Those Other Lasers | p. 60 |
Summary | p. 61 |
Applications of Lasers | p. 61 |
Optoelectronics | p. 62 |
Optosurgery | p. 63 |
Communications | p. 64 |
Holography | p. 66 |
Summary | p. 69 |
Quantum Optics | p. 70 |
Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy | p. 70 |
Nonlinear Optics | p. 74 |
Is Quantum Physics Real? | p. 78 |
Summary | p. 82 |
Looking Beyond | p. 83 |
Further Reading | p. 85 |
Problems | p. 86 |
Superconductivity | p. 89 |
Zero Electrical Resistance | p. 89 |
Metallic Resistance | p. 91 |
Superconductivity is Common | p. 92 |
Infinite Magnetic Reluctance | p. 94 |
Flux Trapping | p. 96 |
Wholeness of Trapped Flux | p. 97 |
Temperature and Phase Transition | p. 98 |
Order Parameter | p. 99 |
Free Energy and Entropy | p. 99 |
Type I Superconductors | p. 101 |
Type II Superconductors | p. 102 |
The Critical Current | p. 104 |
Understanding Superconductivity | p. 105 |
Fermions | p. 105 |
Bosons | p. 107 |
Bose Condensation and Superfluidity | p. 109 |
Phonon Mediated Attraction | p. 109 |
Cooper Pairs and the BCS Theory | p. 111 |
Some Macroscopic Quantum Effects | p. 112 |
Flux Quantization Revisited | p. 113 |
Josephson Tunneling and the Superconducting Interference | p. 114 |
The Superconductor Comes out of the Cold | p. 115 |
Summary | p. 120 |
Further Reading | p. 121 |
Bose-Einstein Condensate: Where Many Become One and How to Get There | p. 123 |
Introduction | p. 123 |
Bose Statistics: Counting of the Indistinguishables | p. 126 |
Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC): The Over-Population Crisis | p. 128 |
Cooling and Trapping of Atoms: Towards BEC | p. 131 |
Laser Cooling and Magnetic Trapping: Down to Microkelvins | p. 132 |
Doppler Limit and its Break-down | p. 136 |
Trapping of Cold Atoms: Magentic and Magneto-Optic Trap (MOT) | p. 139 |
Evaporative Cooling | p. 141 |
BEC Finally: But How Do We Know? | p. 144 |
BEC: What Good is it? | p. 146 |
Summary | p. 148 |
Further Reading | p. 149 |
Exploring Nanostructures | p. 151 |
Towards the Bottom | p. 151 |
Summary | p. 153 |
The Rise of Nanoscience | p. 153 |
Summary | p. 155 |
Confined Systems | p. 155 |
Quantum Effects | p. 156 |
How to Make them | p. 159 |
Summary | p. 161 |
Quantum Devices | p. 161 |
Quantum Wells | p. 161 |
Quantum Wires | p. 164 |
Quantum Dots | p. 165 |
Summary | p. 168 |
The Genius of Carbon | p. 168 |
Carbon Fullerenes | p. 168 |
Carbon Nanotubes | p. 171 |
Summary | p. 176 |
Spintronics | p. 176 |
Spin Flow | p. 177 |
Principles of Spintronic Devices | p. 180 |
Magnetic Recording | p. 182 |
Data Storage and Processing by Spin | p. 183 |
Summary | p. 186 |
Nanos at Large | p. 186 |
Summary | p. 189 |
Further Reading | p. 190 |
Problems | p. 191 |
Quantum Computation and Information | p. 195 |
Introduction | p. 195 |
Summary | p. 196 |
Classical Computers | p. 196 |
Summary | p. 199 |
Quantum Computers | p. 199 |
Introduction | p. 199 |
Multiple Qubits | p. 201 |
Summary | p. 201 |
Quantum Gates | p. 202 |
Summary | p. 206 |
Deutsch's Algorithm | p. 206 |
Summary | p. 208 |
Finding the Period of a Function | p. 208 |
Introduction | p. 208 |
Implementing a Quantum Fourier Transform | p. 209 |
Period of the Function from the Fourier Transform | p. 210 |
Summary | p. 210 |
Shor's Factorization Algorithm | p. 211 |
Summary | p. 212 |
Grover's Search Algorithm | p. 212 |
Summary | p. 215 |
Hardware and Error Correction | p. 215 |
Trapped Ions | p. 216 |
Photons | p. 218 |
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) | p. 218 |
Other Systems | p. 220 |
Summary | p. 220 |
Cryptography | p. 220 |
Private Key System | p. 221 |
The RSA Public Key System | p. 224 |
Summary | p. 226 |
Quantum Teleportation | p. 226 |
Summary | p. 227 |
Further Reading | p. 228 |
Problems | p. 229 |
Chaos: Chance Out of Necessity | p. 231 |
Introduction: Chaos Limits Prediction | p. 231 |
The Butterfly Effect | p. 233 |
Chaos is Common | p. 234 |
Can Small be Chaotic? | p. 238 |
Lesson of the Leaking Faucet | p. 241 |
A Model for Chaos | p. 243 |
The Logistic Map | p. 243 |
Iteration of Map | p. 244 |
The Period Doubling Bifurcation | p. 245 |
Universality | p. 247 |
Fully Developed Chaos | p. 248 |
Poincare Sections: From Continuous Flows to Discrete Maps | p. 249 |
Strange Attractors and Routes to Chaos | p. 250 |
Stable Fixed Point | p. 250 |
Limit Cycle | p. 251 |
The Biperiodic Torus | p. 251 |
The Strange Attractor | p. 252 |
The Henon Attractor | p. 253 |
The Lorenz Attractor | p. 254 |
Routes to Chaos | p. 256 |
Fractals and Strange Attractors | p. 257 |
The Koch Snowflake | p. 261 |
Cantor Dust | p. 261 |
Reconstruction of the Strange Attractor from a Measured Signal: The Inverse Problem | p. 263 |
Concluding Remarks: Harvesting Chaos | p. 264 |
Summary | p. 266 |
Further Reading | p. 267 |
Bright Stars and Black Holes | p. 269 |
The Basic Properties of Stars | p. 270 |
Summary | p. 273 |
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram | p. 273 |
Summary | p. 276 |
Bright, Shining Stars | p. 276 |
Nuclear Sources of Stellar Energy | p. 277 |
On the Main Sequence | p. 279 |
Solar Neutrinos | p. 285 |
Post-Main-Sequence Evolution | p. 288 |
Summary | p. 294 |
White Dwarfs | p. 295 |
Observations of White Dwarfs | p. 295 |
Electron Degeneracy Pressure | p. 296 |
Mass and Size | p. 297 |
Luminosity | p. 299 |
Summary | p. 299 |
Neutron Stars | p. 300 |
Formation and Structure | p. 300 |
Solitary Neutron Stars | p. 304 |
The Missing Pulsars | p. 307 |
Neutron Stars in Binaries | p. 309 |
Summary | p. 312 |
Black Holes | p. 313 |
Gravitational Collapse | p. 313 |
Black Hole Dynamics | p. 318 |
Searching for Black Holes | p. 322 |
Summary | p. 324 |
Further Reading | p. 325 |
Problems | p. 326 |
Elementary Particles and Forces | p. 329 |
Elementary Constituents of Matter | p. 329 |
Summary | p. 334 |
Fundamental Forces | p. 334 |
Summary | p. 339 |
Theory of Forces | p. 339 |
Range and Mass | p. 340 |
Inverse-Square Law versus Confinement | p. 341 |
Spin and the Nature of Forces | p. 342 |
Energy and Force | p. 344 |
Summary | p. 345 |
Quantum Numbers and Symmetry | p. 345 |
Vectorial Quantum Numbers | p. 346 |
Symmetry and Conservation Laws | p. 347 |
Isospin | p. 349 |
Color | p. 349 |
Vacuum Condensates | p. 350 |
Space Reflection and Charge Conjugation | p. 351 |
Summary | p. 353 |
Standard Model | p. 353 |
Electromagnetic Theory | p. 353 |
Yang-Mills Theory | p. 355 |
Electroweak Theory | p. 355 |
Strong Interactions | p. 360 |
Renormalization | p. 362 |
Summary | p. 365 |
Fermion Mixing | p. 365 |
Quarks | p. 366 |
Leptons | p. 368 |
Neutrino Oscillations | p. 369 |
Summary | p. 372 |
Outlook | p. 372 |
Grand Unified Theories | p. 372 |
Supersymmetry | p. 376 |
Extra Dimensions | p. 378 |
Superstring and M Theories | p. 380 |
Summary | p. 380 |
Further Reading | p. 385 |
Problems | p. 385 |
Cosmology | p. 387 |
Hubble's Law | p. 387 |
Velocity Measurements | p. 387 |
Astronomical Distances | p. 389 |
Summary | p. 392 |
The Big Bang | p. 392 |
Summary | p. 393 |
After the Big Bang | p. 393 |
Gravity and Pressure | p. 393 |
The Red-Shift Factor in an Expanding Universe | p. 395 |
The Accelerating Universe | p. 396 |
The Critical Universe | p. 397 |
The Dynamics | p. 399 |
Summary | p. 401 |
Before the Big Bang | p. 401 |
Problems of the Classical Big Bang Theory | p. 401 |
The Theory of Inflation | p. 402 |
Summary | p. 403 |
Thermal Physics | p. 403 |
Equipartition of Energy | p. 403 |
Stefan-Boltzmann and Wien's Laws | p. 404 |
Baryogenesis | p. 405 |
Relativistic Electrons and Neutrinos | p. 405 |
Summary | p. 406 |
MeV Temperatures | p. 406 |
Neutrino Decoupling | p. 407 |
Electron-Positron Annihilation | p. 407 |
Temperature and Time | p. 407 |
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis | p. 408 |
Summary | p. 411 |
The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) | p. 411 |
Observation | p. 411 |
The Physics of CMB | p. 413 |
Summary | p. 416 |
Further Reading | p. 417 |
Problems | p. 417 |
General Concepts in Classical Physics | p. 419 |
The Physical Universe | p. 419 |
Matter and Motion | p. 422 |
Waves and Fields | p. 429 |
General Concepts in Quantum Physics | p. 435 |
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle | p. 435 |
Wave Function and Probability: State of the System | p. 436 |
Superposition of States and Wave Interference | p. 438 |
Indistinguishability of Identical Particles | p. 438 |
Quantum Mechanics and Naive Realism | p. 439 |
Thermal Physics and Statistical Mechanics | p. 441 |
Thermodynamics | p. 441 |
Statistical Mechanics | p. 443 |
Dimensional Analysis | p. 448 |
Solutions to Problems | p. 451 |
Glossary | p. 463 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9789812383037
ISBN-10: 9812383034
Published: 5th January 2004
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number of Pages: 500
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
Country of Publication: SG
Edition Number: 2
Edition Type: Revised
Dimensions (cm): 24.94 x 16.66 x 2.49
Weight (kg): 0.84
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