| Contributors | p. XVI |
| Abbreviations | p. XXIII |
| Populus Trees | p. 1 |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Taxonomic Classification | p. 2 |
| Botany | p. 2 |
| Poplars as Crops | p. 3 |
| Economic Importance | p. 4 |
| Diseases | p. 4 |
| Breeding | p. 4 |
| Genetics and Breeding Programs | p. 5 |
| Populus Genome | p. 6 |
| Populus as a Model System | p. 7 |
| Constructionof Genetic Linkage Maps | p. 7 |
| Molecular Markers | p. 7 |
| Linkage Maps | p. 9 |
| Detectionof Quantitative Trait Loci | p. 13 |
| Disease | p. 14 |
| Stemand Growth Traits | p. 14 |
| Leaf Growth | p. 15 |
| QTLs and the Environment | p. 15 |
| Phenology QTLs | p. 17 |
| Metabolite QTLs | p. 17 |
| Candidate Genes | p. 18 |
| Advanced Studies | p. 18 |
| Genomic Resourcesfor Poplar | p. 18 |
| The Poplar Genome Sequence | p. 18 |
| EST Resources | p. 20 |
| Expression Microarrays | p. 20 |
| Applying Genomic Resources for Candidate-Gene Discovery | p. 21 |
| References | p. 23 |
| Pines | p. 29 |
| Introduction | p. 29 |
| History of the Genus | p. 29 |
| Cytogenetics, DNA Content, and Genome Composition | p. 32 |
| Economic Importance | p. 34 |
| Classical Breeding Objectives | p. 34 |
| Classical Breeding Achievements | p. 35 |
| Molecular Diversity | p. 36 |
| Construction of Genetic Maps | p. 38 |
| Development of Molecular Markers in Pines | p. 38 |
| Haploid- and Diploid-Based Mapping Strategies | p. 40 |
| Genetic Mapping Initiatives in Pines | p. 41 |
| Genetic vs.Physical Size and Practical Implication | p. 46 |
| Comparative Mapping: Toward the Construction of a Unified Pine Genetic Map | p. 46 |
| Genetic Architecture of Complex Traits | p. 48 |
| Strategy and Methods Used for QTL Detection in Single Family Pedigrees | p. 48 |
| QTL Discovery in Single Family Pedigree Designs | p. 52 |
| Future Directionon QTL Mapping | p. 60 |
| Marker-Assisted Breeding | p. 61 |
| Quality Control and Audit | p. 61 |
| Elucidation of Genetic Phenomena | p. 62 |
| Population Management | p. 64 |
| Selection and Breeding | p. 65 |
| Summary of Applications of DNA Polymorphisms in Conifer Breeding | p. 69 |
| Genomics Resources for the Genus Pinus | p. 69 |
| Efforts Toward Complete Genome Sequencing | p. 69 |
| Genomic Tools to Identify Genes of Economic and Ecological Interest | p. 73 |
| Future Perspective: Challenges for Molecular Breeding of Pines | p. 77 |
| References | p. 78 |
| Spruce | p. 93 |
| Introduction | p. 93 |
| The spruce genus, Picea | p. 93 |
| Natural Hybridization | p. 95 |
| Molecular Genetic Variation and Mating System | p. 95 |
| Cytogenetics | p. 96 |
| Economicand Breeding Issues | p. 96 |
| Genetic Mapping | p. 97 |
| First-Generation Genetic Mapsin Spruce Species | p. 97 |
| Second-Generation Mapping | p. 97 |
| Second-Generation Genetic Maps (as summarized in Table 1) | p. 100 |
| Comparative Mapping | p. 101 |
| Comparative Mapping Between Spruce Species | p. 101 |
| Comparative Mappinginthe Pine Family | p. 102 |
| Molecular Breeding | p. 103 |
| Marker-Assisted Selection | p. 103 |
| Somatic Embryogenesisand Genetic Transformation | p. 104 |
| Genomics | p. 105 |
| cDNA Libraries, EST, and SNP Collections | p. 105 |
| Microarrays | p. 105 |
| Proteomics | p. 105 |
| Transgenic Spruce Lines | p. 106 |
| Genome Composition and Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC)Libraries | p. 106 |
| High-Through put SNP Geno typing | p. 107 |
| Summary | p. 108 |
| References | p. 108 |
| Eucalypts | p. 115 |
| Introduction | p. 115 |
| History of the Crop | p. 115 |
| Botany | p. 116 |
| Economic Importance | p. 119 |
| Classical Breeding Objectives | p. 119 |
| Classical Breeding Achievements | p. 120 |
| Future Perspective: Challengesfor MolecularBreeding of Eucalyptus | p. 121 |
| Genetic Linkage Mapping of Eucalypt Genomes | p. 122 |
| DNAI solation for Genetic Mapping | p. 122 |
| Marker Availability | p. 123 |
| Map Construction | p. 124 |
| Physical Genome Sizevs.Genetic Map Size | p. 125 |
| Segregation Distortion | p. 126 |
| Comparative Mapping | p. 126 |
| Future Perspective: Integration and Application of Genetic Linkage Maps | p. 127 |
| QTL Mapping in Eucalyptus | p. 128 |
| Historical Perspective on QTL Analysis | p. 128 |
| QTL Mapping in Eucalyptus, Limitations and Advantages | p. 128 |
| QTLs Identified in Eucalyptus | p. 130 |
| Future Perspective: from QTL to Gene | p. 133 |
| Gene Mappingin Eucalyptus | p. 134 |
| From Anonymous Markers to Candidate Genes | p. 134 |
| Traitsand Genesof Interestin Eucalyptus | p. 134 |
| Eucalyptus Species and Populations Used for Gene Mapping | p. 135 |
| Genomic Resources for Gene Mappingin Eucalyptus | p. 136 |
| Gene Mapping in Eucalyptus: Technologies and Perspectives | p. 137 |
| Future Perspective: Comparative Gene Mapping and Candidate-Gene Analysis in Eucalyptus | p. 138 |
| Physical Mappingand Map-Based Cloningin Eucalyptus | p. 139 |
| Physical Mapping Methodologies and Their Use in Eucalyptus | p. 140 |
| Map-Based Cloningin Eucalyptus | p. 143 |
| Future Perspective: Overcoming Challenges to Map-Based Cloningin Eucalyptus | p. 145 |
| Conclusions: Opportunities for Genome Research and Molecular Breeding in Eucalyptus | p. 145 |
| A Community Linkage Map | p. 146 |
| An Integrated Physicaland Genetic Linkage Map | p. 146 |
| Comparative Genome Mapping | p. 146 |
| Association Genetics | p. 147 |
| Integrative Genomics | p. 147 |
| Comparative Genomics | p. 148 |
| References | p. 148 |
| Fagaceae Trees | p. 161 |
| Introduction | p. 161 |
| Evolutionary Biology and Phylogeny of the Fagaceae | p. 162 |
| Ploidy, Karyotype, and Genome Size in Fagaceae | p. 162 |
| Constructionof Genetic Linkage Maps | p. 165 |
| Genetic Mappingin Forest Trees | p. 165 |
| Genetic Mapping Initiativesin Fagaceae | p. 165 |
| Genetic Linkage Maps for Quercus, Castanea,and Fagus | p. 167 |
| Comparative Mapping between Quercus, Castanea,and Fagus | p. 169 |
| Mapping of Microsatellites in Quercus robur, Castanea sativa, C. mollissima, and C. dentata | p. 169 |
| Mapping of EST-Derived Markers in Q.robur and C.sativa: Alignment of the 12 Linkage Groups between the Two Species | p. 171 |
| Mapping of Microsatellites and EST-Derived Markers in Fagus sylvatica, Quercus robur,and Castanea sativa | p. 171 |
| Assignment of Linkage Groups Between Quercus and Castanea | p. 173 |
| Genes Mappedin Oaksand Chestnut | p. 173 |
| Bud Burst | p. 173 |
| Hypoxia | p. 173 |
| Osmotic Stress | p. 177 |
| Differential Expression in Juvenile and Mature Oak Shoots | p. 178 |
| Blight Infection in Chestnut | p. 178 |
| QTL Detection | p. 178 |
| Phenotypic Traits Investigated | p. 178 |
| Strategies and Methods Used for QTL Detection | p. 179 |
| Number and Distribution of QTLs and Their Effects | p. 183 |
| Conclusion | p. 183 |
| References | p. 184 |
| Black Walnut | p. 189 |
| Introduction | p. 189 |
| Originand History | p. 189 |
| Botany | p. 189 |
| Economic Importance | p. 191 |
| Black Walnut Genetics | p. 191 |
| Heritabilityof Important Traitsand Selection Age | p. 192 |
| Localand Regional Adaptation | p. 193 |
| Methods in Black Walnut Breeding | p. 193 |
| Genetic Variance Measuredby Neutraland Other Markers | p. 193 |
| Black Walnut Hybrids | p. 194 |
| General Geneticand Breeding Resources | p. 194 |
| Tissue Cultureand Genetic Transformation | p. 195 |
| Future Scopeof Works | p. 195 |
| References | p. 195 |
| Douglas-Fir | p. 199 |
| Introduction | p. 199 |
| Genetic Marker Development for Douglas-Fir Genome Mapping | p. 199 |
| Genetic Linkage Map Construction | p. 200 |
| Map Construction Using RFLP Markers | p. 200 |
| Map Construction Using RAPD Markers | p. 201 |
| SSRs and other new PCR-Based Markers for Douglas-Fir Genome Mapping | p. 204 |
| QTL Mapping and Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) | p. 204 |
| SNPs and Trait Association Mapping | p. 205 |
| Comparative Genomics | p. 205 |
| Molecular Cytogenetics | p. 206 |
| Future Studies | p. 207 |
| References | p. 207 |
| Cryptomeria Japonica | p. 211 |
| Introduction | p. 211 |
| Brief Historyofthe Crop | p. 211 |
| Botanical Descriptions | p. 211 |
| Economic Importance | p. 212 |
| Breeding Objectives | p. 212 |
| Classical Mapping Efforts | p. 212 |
| Classical Breeding Achievements | p. 212 |
| Constructionof Genetic Maps | p. 213 |
| Brief Historyof Mapping Efforts | p. 213 |
| First-Generation Maps | p. 213 |
| Second-Generation Maps | p. 213 |
| Gene Mapping | p. 218 |
| Detectionof Quantitative Trait Loci | p. 218 |
| Advanced Works | p. 219 |
| Future Scopeof Works | p. 219 |
| References | p. 219 |
| Subject Index | p. 223 |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
