Compressed Image File Formats

JPEG, PNG, GIF, XBM, BMP

By: John Miano

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Paperback | 19 August 1999

At a Glance

Paperback
288 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
24.13 x 19.68 x 1.27

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$144.75

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Since not all graphic formats are of equal complexity, author John Miano does not simply choose a number of file formats and devote a chapter to each one. Instead, he offers additional coverage for the more complex image file formats like PNG (a new standard) and JPEG, while providing all information necessary to use the simpler file formats. While including the well-documented BMP, XBM, and GIF formats for completeness, along with some of their less-covered features, this book gives the most space to the more intricate PNG and JPEG, from basic concepts to creating and reading actual files. Among its highlights, this book covers:
-- JPEG Huffman coding, including decoding sequential mode JPEG images and creating sequential JPEG files
-- Optimizing the DCT
-- Portable Network Graphics format (PNG), including decompressing PNG image data and creating PNG files
-- Windows BMP, XBM, and GIF

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Preface	p. ix
Acknowledgments	p. xi
Introduction	p. 1
The Representation of Images	p. 1
Vector and Bitmap Graphics	p. 3
Color Models	p. 5
True Color versus Palette	p. 9
Compression	p. 10
Byte and Bit Ordering	p. 13
Color Quantization	p. 16
A Common Image Format	p. 18
Conclusion	p. 21
Windows BMP	p. 23
Data Ordering	p. 23
File Structure	p. 24
Compression	p. 28
Conclusion	p. 29
XBM	p. 31
File Format	p. 31
Reading and Writing XBM Files	p. 33
Conclusion	p. 34
Introduction to JPEG	p. 35
JPEG Compression Modes	p. 36
What Part of JPEG Will Be Covered in This Book?	p. 39
What are JPEG Files?	p. 40
SPIFF File Format	p. 40
Byte Ordering	p. 41
Sampling Frequency	p. 41
JPEG Operation	p. 44
Interleaved and Noninterleaved Scans	p. 45
Conclusion	p. 46
JPEG File Format	p. 47
Markers	p. 47
Compressed Data	p. 49
Marker Types	p. 49
JFIF Format	p. 55
Conclusion	p. 57
JPEG Human Coding	p. 61
Usage Frequencies	p. 61
Huffman Coding Example	p. 63
Huffman Coding Using Code Lengths	p. 65
Huffman Coding in JPEG	p. 71
Limiting Code Lengths	p. 72
Decoding Huffman Codes	p. 73
Conclusion	p. 75
The Discrete Cosine Transform	p. 77
DCT in One Dimension	p. 78
DCT in Two Dimensions	p. 84
Basic Matrix Operations	p. 85
Using the 2-D Forward DCT	p. 87
Quantization	p. 88
Zigzag Ordering	p. 89
Conclusion	p. 90
Decoding Sequential-Mode JPEG Images	p. 91
MCU Dimensions	p. 91
Decoding Data Units	p. 94
Decoding Example	p. 97
Processing DCT Coefficients	p. 98
Up-Sampling	p. 99
Restart Marker Processing	p. 99
Overview of JPEG Decoding	p. 100
Conclusion	p. 100
Creating Sequential JPEG Files	p. 105
Compression Parameters	p. 105
Output File Structure	p. 111
Doing the Encoding	p. 111
Down-Sampling	p. 112
Interleaving	p. 113
Data Unit Encoding	p. 115
Huffman Table Generation	p. 117
Conclusion	p. 119
Optimizing the DCT	p. 121
Factoring the DCT Matrix	p. 121
Scaled Integer Arithmetic	p. 137
Merging Quantization and the DCT	p. 138
Conclusion	p. 148
Progressive JPEG	p. 149
Component Division in Progressive JPEG	p. 149
Processing Progressive JPEG Files	p. 151
Processing Progressive Scans	p. 152
MCUs in Progressive Scans	p. 153
Huffman Tables in Progressive Scans	p. 153
Data Unit Decoding	p. 154
Preparing to Create Progressive JPEG Files	p. 160
Encoding Progressive Scans	p. 162
Huffman Coding	p. 162
Data Unit Encoding	p. 162
Conclusion	p. 169
GIF	p. 171
Byte Ordering	p. 172
File Structure	p. 172
Interlacing	p. 178
Compressed Data Format	p. 178
Animated GIF	p. 186
Legal Problems	p. 187
Uncompressed GIF	p. 188
Conclusion	p. 188
PNG	p. 189
History	p. 190
Byte Ordering	p. 190
File Format	p. 190
File Organization	p. 195
Color Representation in PNG	p. 195
Device-Independent Color	p. 197
Gamma	p. 201
Interlacing	p. 202
Critical Chunks	p. 203
Noncritical Chunks	p. 206
Conclusion	p. 212
Decompressing PNG Image Data	p. 215
Decompressing the Image Data	p. 215
Huffman Coding in Deflate	p. 221
Compressed Data Format	p. 222
Compressed Data Blocks	p. 223
Writing the Decompressed Data to the Image	p. 227
Conclusion	p. 231
Creating PNG Files	p. 233
Overview	p. 233
Deflate Compression Process	p. 234
Huffman Table Generation	p. 238
Filtering	p. 241
Conclusion	p. 243
Glossary	p. 245
Bibliography	p. 249
Index	p. 253
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Compressed Image File Formats

JPEG, PNG, GIF, XBM, BMP

At a Glance

Paperback

Shipping

How to return your order

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