Verb Classification in Australian Languages

By: William B. McGregor

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560 Pages

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22

Grade
17

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23.0 x 15.5 x 3.18

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This book deals with systems of verb classification in Australian Aboriginal languages, with particular focus on languages of the north-west. It proposes a typology of the systems according to their main formal and semantic characteristics. It also makes some proposals concerning the historical origins and grammaticisation of these systems, and suggestions regarding the grammatical relations involved. In addition, an attempt is made to situate the phenomenon of verb classification within the context of related verbal phenomena such as serial verb constructions, nominal incorporation, and complex predicates.

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Non-Fiction Language & Linguistics Linguistics Grammar, Syntax & Morphology Reference, Dictionaries & Guides Language Learning & Teaching

Preface	p. v
List of Figures	p. xv
List of Maps	p. xvii
List of Tables	p. xix
Abbreviations and Conventions	p. xxi
Introduction	p. 1
What is verb classification?	p. 1
Towards a typology of classification	p. 4
Superclassification and subclassification	p. 4
Classes and categories	p. 5
Classifiers and classifying constructions	p. 7
Concluding remarks	p. 8
Understanding grammatical superclassification	p. 10
A conceptual model	p. 10
Distributional criteria for grammatical superclassification	p. 16
An example: the Kijanoun class system	p. 22
Verb superclassification Australian style	p. 25
Semantic basis of verb superclassification	p. 29
Fundamental parameters	p. 29
On class, category, and classification meaning	p. 34
Prediction and explanation	p. 35
Aims and organisation	p. 38
The Gooniyandi verb classifier system	p. 41
Structure of the verbal complex	p. 41
The X morphemes as category markers	p. 44
The semantics of Gooniyandi verb classifiers	p. 54
Extendible classifiers	p. 60
Accomplishment classifiers	p. 64
Monovalent classifiers	p. 64
Avalent classifiers	p. 66
The reasonably well populated categories	p. 66
The minor categories	p. 76
The bivalent classifier	p. 78
Parallelisms between extendible and accomplishment classifiers?	p. 80
Exceptions	p. 83
Concluding remarks	p. 85
Two special cases	p. 87
Classification of the most frequent verb roots	p. 87
Classification of English borrowings	p. 94
Remarks on verb classification in Bunuba	p. 96
CVC-based verb category systems	p. 101
Formal properties of CVCs	p. 101
Nyulnyulan languages	p. 107
Worrorran (Northern Kimberley) languages	p. 117
Jarrakan languages	p. 120
Jaminjungan languages	p. 122
Wagiman	p. 125
Daly River languages	p. 128
Maran languages	p. 137
Mangarrayi	p. 138
Pama-Nyungan languages	p. 139
Concluding remarks	p. 145
Comparison of verb category systems	p. 149
Degrees of grammaticisation	p. 149
IVs recurrent in CVC-based category systems	p. 152
Speech; avalent	p. 160
Stance; monovalent	p. 161
'Sit, be'	p. 161
'Stand'	p. 162
Motion; monovalent	p. 162
'Go'	p. 162
'Fall'	p. 163
'Become'	p. 164
Induced motion; bivalent	p. 164
'Carry'	p. 164
'Throw'	p. 165
'Put'	p. 166
Acquisition; bivalent	p. 167
'Catch, get'	p. 167
'Give'	p. 167
Violence; bivalent	p. 168
'Hit'	p. 168
'Poke'	p. 168
Perception; bivalent	p. 169
Concluding remarks	p. 169
Gooniyandi and Nyulnyul systems in contrast	p. 171
Formal characteristics	p. 171
System level comparison	p. 174
Individual categories compared and contrasted	p. 176
Atelic categories	p. 180
The unmarked Nyulnyul category -J 'say, do'	p. 182
Telic categories	p. 182
Categorisation of vocalisation/communication events	p. 186
Categorisation of motion events	p. 192
Motoric pattern	p. 196
Nature of moving entity	p. 199
Nature of medium	p. 200
Location of carried item	p. 201
Other types of motion events	p. 201
Conclusion	p. 203
Verb class systems: conjugations	p. 207
Pama-Nyungan conjugation classes	p. 208
Non-Pama-Nyungan conjugation classes	p. 213
Nyulnyulan languages	p. 214
Worrorran languages	p. 219
Mindi languages	p. 221
Wagiman and Wardaman	p. 222
Gunwinjguan languages	p. 223
Maran languages	p. 224
Nunggubuyu	p. 225
Anindilyakwa	p. 227
Overlapping conjugation class membership	p. 228
Other types of verb class system	p. 236
The grammar of verb superclassifying constructions	p. 245
Overview of approaches to verb classification	p. 246
Conjugation by auxiliary	p. 246
Compounding analysis	p. 247
Semantic bleaching	p. 249
Classifying analyses	p. 250
Fusion and union analyses	p. 252
CVCs as complex predicates	p. 261
Grammatical relations in conjugation classes?	p. 266
Grammatical relations in CVCs	p. 266
Valency and transitivity in Nyulnyul CVCs	p. 275
Related grammatical phenomena	p. 283
Verb classification in a wider perspective	p. 284
Non-CVC compound verb classifying constructions	p. 284
The Ngiyambaa compound verb construction	p. 284
The Hindi-Urdu compound verb construction	p. 287
Categorisation by prefixes	p. 290
Lexical prefixes	p. 290
Instrumental prefixes	p. 292
Categorisation with quantification	p. 293
Other verbal constructions	p. 295
Noun incorporation	p. 296
Nominal argument classification	p. 298
Concluding observations	p. 300
Other types of compound verb construction	p. 301
Other double-unit verb constructions	p. 307
Auxiliary constructions	p. 307
Serial verb constructions	p. 309
Associated motion constructions	p. 312
Final remark	p. 316
Marking of diathesis alternations	p. 317
Concluding remarks	p. 319
Evolution of verb classification in Australia	p. 323
Ideophone origins of UVs	p. 324
Distinctive phonotactic features	p. 324
Phonaesthesia	p. 327
Use of UVs as expressives	p. 330
Limited morphological modification	p. 332
Syntactic properties	p. 333
Comparison with recurrent features of ideophones	p. 333
Motivations for historical change from ideophone to UV	p. 334
Origins and historical development of the CVC	p. 339
Origins of Pama-Nyungan conjugation markers	p. 351
Evolution of meaning	p. 354
Australia as a verb classification Sprachbund	p. 358
Verb classification in discourse: a preliminary investigation	p. 363
Category distribution in Gooniyandi narratives	p. 364
A textual investigation	p. 377
Interpretation and explanation	p. 385
Conclusions	p. 391
Overview	p. 391
Comparatison of noun and verb classification	p. 398
Directions for future research	p. 404
Basic information on Australian languages mentioned in this book	p. 413
Australian phonologies and orthographies	p. 435
Notes	p. 441
References	p. 473
Index of authors	p. 507
Index of languages	p. 513
Index of subjects	p. 517
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Verb Classification in Australian Languages

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