Teach Yourself VISUALLY HTML and CSS

Chapter 1 Getting Ready to Create Websites

Grasp How the Web Works 4

Understanding HTML, CSS, and Responsive Web Design 6

Understanding Static and Dynamic Web Pages 8

What Is a Responsive Website? 9

Understanding Tools for Creating Web Pages 10

Prepare to Create Your Website 12

Install Visual Studio Code 14

Meet and Configure Visual Studio Code 16

Install GIMP 20

Install the Major Browsers 22

Create a Folder Structure for Your Website 24

Chapter 2 Creating Your First Web Pages Study the Anatomy of a Web Page 28

Tell Visual Studio Code Which Folder to Use 30

Create Your First Web Page 32

Open the Web Page in a Browser 34

Add Headings and Text 36

Nest One Element Within Another Element 38

Add Comments 39

Apply Direct Formatting 40

View a Pageâs Source Code 41

Validate a Web Page 42

Create Another Web Page 44

Understanding the Essentials of Hyperlinks 45

Create a Hyperlink Between Your Web Pages 46

Interpret HTTP Status Codes 48

Chapter 3 Structuring a Web Page Meet the Elements for Structuring Web Pages 52

Select Items with span and div Elements 54

Create header Elements and footer Elements 56

Add article Elements to a Page 58

Create Pull Quotes with the aside Element 60

Divide a Page Using section Elements 62

Create Collapsible Sections 64

Chapter 4 Including Images Grasp the Essentials of Web Image Formats 68

Launch GIMP and Perform Essential Moves 70

Rotate or Straighten an Image 74

Crop an Image 76

Resize an Image 78

Reduce the Number of Colors in an Image 80

Convert an Image to the Format You Need 82

Learn the HTML for Images 84

Insert an Image 86

Create a Figure with a Caption 88

Chapter 5 Working with Links Grasp the Essentials of Links 92

Create a Link to a Web Page 94

Create a Link to Elsewhere on the Same Web Page 96

Specify the ScreenTip for a Link 98

Redirect the Browser to a Different Page 99

Create a Link for Downloading a File 100

Create a Link That Starts an Email Message 101

Create a Link from an Image 102

Create Multiple Links from an Image 104

Include an Audio File in a Web Page 108

Include a Video File in a Web Page 110

Embed a YouTube Video in a Web Page 112

Chapter 6 Creating Lists and Tables Grasp the Different Types of Lists 116

Create a Numbered List 118

Create a Bulleted List 120

Create a Definition List 122

Nest One List Inside Another List 124

Learn the HTML for Tables 126

Create a Table 128

Add Rows or Columns to a Table 130

Specify Table Width and Column Width 132

Format Table Borders 134

Adjust Table Padding and Spacing 136

Create Groups of Columns 138

Align Tables, Rows, and Cells 140

Create Cells That Span Rows or Columns 142

Set a Background Color or Image for a Table 143

Nest One Table Inside Another Table 144

Chapter 7 Getting Started with CSS Grasp How CSS Works 148

Format Elements with Inline CSS 150

Format a Page Using Internal CSS 152

Create an External CSS File 154

Link an External CSS File to a Web Page 156

Distinguish Element, Class, and ID Selectors 158

Apply Styles Using Element Selectors 159

Apply Styles Using Class Selectors 160

Apply Styles Using ID Selectors 162

Chapter 8 Formatting Text with CSS Understanding Fonts and How to Use Them 166

Specify the Font Family 168

Set the Font Size and Font Weight 170

Adjust Line Height and Letter Spacing 172

Create Superscripts and Subscripts 174

Understanding Ways to Set Color in CSS 176

Set Font Color 177

Apply Text Shadows 178

Display Monospaced Font 179

Apply Text Decoration 180

Understanding HTML Entities 182

Insert Special Characters with HTML Entities 184

Insert Emojis 185

Using Custom Fonts on Web Pages 186

Chapter 9 Sizing and Positioning with CSS Understanding Pseudo-Classes 190

Apply Contextual Formatting with Pseudo-Classes 192

Understanding CSS Combinators 194

Target Elements Using CSS Combinators 196

Understanding Pseudo-Elements 198

Apply CSS to Pseudo-Elements 200

Override CSS by Using the ! important Declaration 202

Understanding the CSS Box Model 204

Understanding Ways of Sizing Elements 206

Specify the Size for an Element 208

Specify Padding and Borders for an Element 210

Set Margins to Control Element Spacing 212

Understanding CSS Positioning Essentials 214

Create Block Quotes 216

Fix an Element in Place in the Viewport 218

Float an Element Beside Another Element 220

Understanding the display Property 222

Control the Display of an Element 223

Create a Flexbox Layout 224

Chapter 10 Creating Responsive and Appealing Pages Understanding the Tools for Creating Responsive Pages 228

Apply Relative Sizing 230

Add Media Queries to a Page 232

Set Tap Targets for Touch Screens 234

Set the Viewport Size 236

Check Your Pages on Various Devices and Screens 238

Understanding How CSS Gradients Work 240

Apply a Linear Gradient to an Element 242

Apply a Radial Gradient to an Element 244

Using Sprites 246

Understanding CSS Animations 248

Apply Transitions to HTML Elements 250

Create a Keyframe Animation 252

Chapter 11 Creating Forms Grasp Web Form Essentials 256

Create a Form 258

Add Text Input Controls to a Form 260

Add Radio Buttons to a Form 262

Add Check Boxes to a Form 264

Add a Drop-Down List of Options to a Form 266

Add Command Buttons to a Form 268

Chapter 12 Taking Your Website to the Next Level Understanding How Search Engines Work 272

Optimize Your Website for Search Engines 274

Guide Search Spiders with a robots.txt File 276

Understanding Accessibility Issues for Websites 278

Meet Chromeâs Live Development Tools 280

Troubleshoot CSS with Chrome DevTools 282

Using a Staging Server 288

Understanding Front-End Frameworks 290

Index 292