Spine Imaging

Section I. Trauma

1. Spinal cord injury Kathleen Fink and Mark Mikhael

2. Spontaneous Epidural hematoma Mauricio Castillo, Francisco Chiang, and Mark Mikhael

3. Burst fracture Cornelia Wenokor, Gary Shapiro, and Daniel Park

4. Vertebral Compression Fractures and Vertebra Plana Pedro Lourenco, Manraj K.S. Heran, and Mark Mikhael

5. Dens fracture Kate Lee

6. Hangman fracture Bruce Lehnert, Brad Currier, and Arjun Sebastian

7. Jumped facets Bruce Lehnert, Brad Currier, and Emily Nguyen

8. Chance fracture Bruce Lehnert, Ahmad Nassr, and Yazeed Gussous

9. Hyperextension injury Kate Lee

10. Hyperflexion injury Bruce Lehnert

11. Occipital Condyle Fracture Francesco D'Amore, Chia-Shang J. Liu, and Mark S. Shiroishi

12. Craniocervical dissociation Bruce Lehnert

13. Jefferson Fracture Keith Cauley and Christopher Filippi Section II. Tumors

14. Meningioma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

15. Schwannoma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

16. Metastases Martin Arrigan, Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran, and Paul Celestre

17. Multiple myeloma Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta

18. Chordoma Richard Silbergleit and Anant Krishnan

19. Aneurysmal bone cyst Cornelia Wenokor

20. Lymphoma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

21. Osteoblastoma Justin Morris Honce

22. Primary Osteosarcoma Joseph Boonsiri, Cynthia A. Britton, and Vikas Agarwal

23. Spinal Ependymoma Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

24. Anaplastic Oligoastrocytoma Justin Morris Honce

25. Lipoma Freddie Swain

26. Paraganglioma Anant Krishnan and Richard Silbergleit

27. Hemangioblastoma Keith Cauley and Christopher Filippi

28. Ganglioglioma Justin Morris Honce

29. Myxopapillary Ependyoma Justin Morris Honce

30. Spinal angiolipoma David Rodriguez, Camilo G. Borrero, and Vikas Agarwal

31. Lipomyelomeningocele Ismail Tawakol Ali, Shamir Rai, Savvas Nicolaou, Shivani Gupta, and Dan Sciubba

32. Spinal Subependymoma Rakesh Mannava, Joseph M. Mettenburg, Vikas Agarwal, and Dan Sciubba Section III. Degenerative Conditions and Arthropathies

33. Ankylosing Spondylitis Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, Ismail Tawakol Ali, and Savvas Nicolau 34. Disc Herniation, Degenerative Disc Disease, and Modic Changes Malisa Lester and Michelle Naidich

35. Baastrup's disease Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, and Mark Mikhael 36. Pars Defects Cornelia Wenokor, Remi M. Ajiboye, and Arya N. Shamie

37. Cord Compression Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, and Mark Mikhael 38. Synovial Cyst Malisa Lester, Michelle Naidich, and Mark Mikhael Section IV. Infections and Inflammatory

39. HIV Associated Myelopathy Rakesh Mannava, Joseph M. Mettenburg, and Vikas Agarwal

40. Pott's Disease Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

41. Discitis/osteomyelitis Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

42. Spinal Epidural Abscess Sara E. Kingston, Chia-Shang Liu, Bavrina Bigjahan, and Mark S. Shiroishi

43. Arachnoiditis Daniel S. Treister, Anandh Rajamohan, Daniel Helmy, and Mark S. Shiroishi

44. Transverse myelitis Kathleen Fink and Philip Dougherty

45. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis of the Spine Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran

46. Cauda Equina Syndrome Quynh Nguyen and Nupur Verma Section V. Metabolic and Demyelinating

47. Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Anant Krishnan and Richard Silbergleit 48. Multiple Sclerosis Megha Nayyar, Lakshmanan Sivasundaram, Alexander Lerner, and Mark S. Shiroishi

49. Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) Kate Lee 50. Paget Disease David Rodriguez and Vikas Agarwal

51. Hurler Syndrome/Mucopolysaccharidoses Type I Shamir Rai, Ismail Tawakol Ali, and Savvas Nicolaou

52. Renal osteodystrophy and secondary hyperparathyroidism Kate Lee

53. Osteoporosis Manpreet Bajwa, Shivani Gupta, Ismail Tawakol Ali, and Savvas Nicolaou

54. Neuromyelitis Optica Justin Morris Honce

Section VI. Congenital and Genetic Conditions

55. Caudal Regression Syndrome Daniel Varon and Mauricio Castillo

56. Chiari I Malformation Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

57. Myelomeningocele Ernst Garcon

58. Achondroplasia Freddie R. Swain 59. Scoliosis Freddie R. Swain and Gary Shapiro

60. Diastematomyelia Justin Morris Honce 61. Sacral agenesis Ernst Garcon

62. Neurofibromatosis Mauricio Castillo and Gustavo A. Tedesqui

63. Spinal Involvement in Tuberous Sclerosis Shamir Rai, Ismail Tawakol Ali, Savvas Nicolaou

64. Osteogenesis Imperfecta Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta

65. Osteopetrosis Manpreet Bajwa and Shivani Gupta Section VII. Vascular

66. Spinal cord infarction Kathleen Fink and Safia Cheeney

67. Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula Martin Arrigan and Manraj Kanwal Singh Heran

68. Extramedullary Hematopoeisis Richard Silbergleit, Anant Krishnan, and Dan Sciubba Section VIII. Miscellaneous

69. Hirayama Disease Richard Silbergleit and Anant Krishnan

70. Neurosarcoidosis of the Spine Anant Krishnan and Richard Silbergleit

71. Basilar Invagination Jaysson Brooks, Brian Neuman, Cornelia Wenokor, and A. Jay Khanna

72. Cervical rib Freddie Swain

73. Dural Ectasia David Rodriguez, Tao Ouyang, and Vikas Agarwal

74. Epidural lipomatosis Nima Jadidi and Sylvie Destian

75. Limbus Vertebra Kathleen Fink and Brandon Perry

76. Kümmel Disease Kate Lee

77. Os odontoideum Kathleen Fink and Brandon Perry

78. Scheuermann Disease Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta

79. Ossified Posterior Longitudinal Ligament (OPLL) Kate Lee, Ahmad Nassr, and Daniel Park

80. Spinal Instrumentation Failure Cornelia Wenokor and Mark Mikhael

Section IX. Signs in Radiology

81. Rugger Jersey Sign Eric Friedberg and Paul Harkey

82. Bamboo Spine Eric Friedberg and Paul Harkey

83. "Bone in a Bone" Appearance Kate Lee

84. Scotty Dog Sign Keith Cauley and Christopher Filippi

85. Polka Dot Sign Jaspreet Bajwa and Shivani Gupta

86. Winking Owl Sign Bita Ameri and Shivani Gupta

87. Ivory Vertebra Sign Eric Friedberg and Paul Harkey

88. Empty Thecal Sac Sign Kathleen Fink and Philip Dougherty

89. Naked Facet Sign Shamir Rai, Ismail Tawakol Ali, Savvas Nicolaou