Spatial Databases

With Application to GIS

By: Philippe Rigaux, Michel Scholl

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18 May 2001 | Edition Number 1

At a Glance

No. of Pages
440

Dimensions(cm)
24.13 x 19.68 x 2.54

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Spatial Databases is the first unified, in-depth treatment of special techniques for dealing with spatial data, particularly in the field of geographic information systems (GIS). This book surveys various techniques, such as spatial data models, algorithms, and indexing methods, developed to address specific features of spatial data that are not adequately handled by mainstream DBMS technology.

The book also reviews commercial solutions to geographic data handling: ArcInfo, ArcView, and Smallworld GISs; and two extensions to the relational model, PostgreSQL and Oracle Spatial. The authors examine these underlying GIS technologies, assess their strengths and weaknesses, and consider specific uses for which each product is best suited.

* Examines the strengths of various query languages and approaches to query processing.
* Explains the use of computational geometry in spatial databases GISs, providing necessary background and an in-depth look at key algorithms.
* Covers spatial access methods, including the R-tree and several space-driven structures, and is filled with dozens of helpful illustrations.

Industry Reviews

"Spatial Databases covers all of the major themes of the field -- representation, query languages, computational geometry, spatial indexing -- using geographic information systems as the principal application domain and motivation. It is an excellent introduction for computer science professionals interested in exploring GIS, and an excellent resource for GIS professionals interested in learning more about the computer science foundations of the field." - Michael F. Goodchild, National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, and University of California, Santa Barbara "Spatial Databases is a well-written, comprehensive treatment of a multi-disciplinary field, spanning computational geometry, database modeling, object-orientation, and query processing. The book presents both advanced research and commercial systems in a clear and accessible manner. This book is essential for understanding the current state of the art. Well done!" - Professor Dennis Shasha, New York University

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Computing & I.T.Databases Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning Geography Geographical Information Systems GIS & Remote Sensing Library & Info Sciences Library

Foreword	p. ix
List of Figures	p. xvii
Preface	p. xxiii
An Introduction to Spatial Databases	p. 1
Database Management Systems (DBMSs)	p. 3
Basic Description and Main Features	p. 3
Modeling Applications	p. 6
Physical Data Management	p. 8
Vocabulary in Geospatial Database Applications	p. 9
Theme	p. 9
Geographic Objects	p. 9
Geospatial Data Manipulation	p. 11
Simple Operations on Themes	p. 12
Further Theme Operations	p. 18
Other Typical GIS Operations	p. 20
DBMS Support for Geospatial Data	p. 21
Use of a Relational DBMS	p. 22
Loosely Coupled Approach	p. 24
Integrated Approach Based on DBMS Extensibility	p. 25
Requirements for a Spatial DBMS	p. 25
Bibliographic Notes	p. 26
Representation of Spatial Objects	p. 29
Geographic Space Modeling	p. 31
Entity-Based Models	p. 31
Field-Based Models	p. 34
Representation Modes	p. 35
Tessellation	p. 35
Vector Mode	p. 38
Half-Plane Representation	p. 42
Representing the Geometry of a Collection of Objects	p. 46
Spaghetti Model	p. 47
Network Model	p. 47
Topological Model	p. 49
Spatial Data Formats and Exchange Standards	p. 51
Overview of Current Spatial Data Formats	p. 52
The TIGER/Line Data Format	p. 54
Recent Standardization Initiatives	p. 61
Bibliographic Notes	p. 64
Logical Models and Query Languages	p. 69
Reference Schemas	p. 71
Administrative Units (Schema 1)	p. 71
Highway Network Among Cities (Schema 2)	p. 72
Land Use (Schema 3)	p. 72
Reference Queries	p. 73
Spatial Abstract Data Types	p. 75
Extending Data Models with Spatial ADTs	p. 75
Designing Spatial ADTs	p. 80
Exploring Relationships Between Spatial Objects: Topological Predicates	p. 85
Relational Models Extended with ADT	p. 88
Representation of the Reference Schemas	p. 89
Reference Queries	p. 92
Object-Oriented Models	p. 100
A Brief Overview of Object-Oriented DBMS	p. 100
Representation of Reference Schemas	p. 101
Spatial Classes	p. 104
Reference Queries	p. 106
Bibliographic Notes	p. 108
The Constraint Data Model	p. 113
Spatial Data Modeling with Constraints	p. 114
Point Sets as Infinite Relations	p. 115
Finitely Representing Infinite Relations	p. 117
Evaluating Queries on Infinite Instances	p. 120
Summary of the Constraint Data Model	p. 122
The Linear Constraint Data Model	p. 123
Data Representation	p. 124
Query Languages: First-Order Queries	p. 125
Query Languages: Algebraic Queries	p. 128
Modeling Entity-Based Data	p. 134
Nested Relations	p. 134
Queries	p. 136
Modeling Field-Based Data and Moving Objects	p. 139
Elevation Data	p. 140
Moving Objects	p. 141
Queries on Field-Based Data and Moving Points	p. 143
Bibliographic Notes	p. 145
Computational Geometry	p. 149
An Introduction to Computational Geometry	p. 150
Background	p. 150
Basic Concepts of Algorithms	p. 151
Algorithm Analysis	p. 152
Optimality	p. 153
Data Structures	p. 155
Useful Algorithmic Strategies	p. 157
Incremental Algorithms: The Convex-Hull Example	p. 157
Divide-and-Conquer Strategy: The Half-Plane Intersection Example	p. 161
Sweep-Line Method: The Rectangle Intersection Example	p. 164
Polygon Partitioning	p. 167
Trapezoidalization of a Simple Polygon	p. 168
Triangulation of Simple Polygons	p. 170
Convex Partitioning	p. 173
Algorithms for Spatial Databases	p. 175
Area Size of a Polygon and Related Operations	p. 176
Point in Polygon	p. 177
Polyline Intersections	p. 179
Polygon Intersections	p. 186
Windowing and Clipping	p. 192
Bibliographic Notes	p. 197
General Sources	p. 197
Sources on Algorithms	p. 198
Spatial Access Methods	p. 201
Issues in SAM Design	p. 204
What Is Expected of a SAM?	p. 205
Illustration with a B+Tree	p. 206
Space-Driven Versus Data-Driven SAMs	p. 207
Space-Driven Structures	p. 208
The Grid File	p. 209
The Linear Quadtree	p. 219
The z-Ordering Tree	p. 227
Remarks on Linear SAM	p. 237
Data-Driven Structures: The R-Tree	p. 237
The Original R-Tree	p. 238
The R*Tree	p. 252
R-Tree Packing	p. 255
The R+Tree	p. 257
Cost Models	p. 259
Bibliographic Notes	p. 261
Query Processing	p. 267
An Introduction to Query Processing	p. 269
Two Optimal I/O Algorithms	p. 271
External Sort/Merge	p. 271
Distribution Sweeping (Rectangle Intersection)	p. 274
Spatial Join	p. 279
z-Ordering Spatial Join	p. 280
Joining Two R-Trees	p. 284
Spatial Hash Join	p. 288
Complex Queries	p. 292
Query Execution Plans	p. 292
Spatial Joins with Refinement Step	p. 296
Multiway Joins	p. 300
Bibliographic Notes	p. 303
Commercial Systems	p. 311
An Introduction to Commercial Systems	p. 312
How to Read This Chapter	p. 312
Interacting with a GIS or with a Spatial DBMS	p. 315
ArcInfo	p. 317
Functionalities of ArcInfo	p. 317
Spatial and Topological Information in ArcInfo	p. 319
Representation of Sample Schemas	p. 328
Querying with ArcInfo	p. 332
ArcView GIS	p. 341
ArcView Spatial Model	p. 342
Querying with ArcView	p. 343
Smallworld	p. 347
Smallworld Spatial Data Model	p. 347
Querying with Smallworld Object Browser	p. 348
Discussion	p. 351
Oracle Extension for Handling Spatial Data	p. 352
Introduction to Oracle Spatial	p. 352
Spatial Data Model	p. 353
Spatial Operations	p. 355
Spatial Indexing and Query Processing	p. 357
PostgreSQL	p. 360
Geometric Types and Operators	p. 361
Creating the Database	p. 363
Expressing Queries	p. 364
Bibliographic Notes	p. 368
Bibliography	p. 373
Index	p. 395
About the Authors	p. 409
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Spatial Databases

With Application to GIS

At a Glance

Industry Reviews

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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