
Shape Interrogation for Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing
By: Nicholas M. Patrikalakis, Takashi Maekawa
Paperback | 28 February 2010
At a Glance
408 Pages
23.5 x 15.5
Paperback
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Industry Reviews
From the reviews:
"... Currently there are several excellent books in the area of geometric modeling and in the area of solid modeling. The major contribution of this book lies in its skilful manner of providing a bridge between these two areas that is guaranteed to make the target audience cry out aloud with delight. Apart from the differential geometry topics covered, the entire book is based on the unifying concept of recasting all shape interrogation problems to the solution of a nonlinear system. Indeed the book is quite compulsive; No study of shape interrogation can ignore Patrikalakis and Maekawa's. Nearly 460 references to the literature make the book widely welcomed. ..."
Current Engineering Practice 2002-2003, Vol. 45, Issue 3-4
"... It provides a comprehensive coverage of the fundamental concepts that shape interrogation techniques rely on as well as of the various techniques and algorithms for interrogation of shape features. ... Containing 408 pages, the book can be an indispensable reference for anybody with interest in this field of computer aided geometric design and software development. Nick Patrikalakis and Takashi Maekawa, researchers at MIT, managed to presnet all related concepts in an insightful way. The careful arrangement of the topics and the endeavor of the authors to recast all shape interrogation problem to the numerical solution of a nonlinear system of equations impressed the reviewer. ..."
I. Horvath, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 2003, Vol. 24, Issue 6
"...this is a very detailed and complete book on topics that are important in both the theory and practice of geometric modeling. It is a welcome addition to the literature. Reading it and experimenting with the techniques it describes should be a rewarding experience."
Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, MATHEMATICAL REVIEWS
"... This book by Patrikalakis andMaekawa is the first thorough, long overdue, look at this curicial area. The book presents an original and inclusive summary of advanced computational topics that relate to the geometry of freeform shapes. Research in these computational areas has matured to a point where such a compendium is no longer nice to have on one's shelf, but a necessity for the serious investigator. The book handles computational problems that represent fundamental components in any solid modeling environment, filling a vacuum in the literature. It will serve well any researcher, either in academia or industry, working in the area of freeform design or manusfacturing. This work continues from the point where the traditional geometric design and solid modeling books stop. ...
Shape interrogation and computational geometry of freeform shapes have been a part of the geometric design and manufacturing community for a long time. This book makes efforts and is likely to become the 'Bible' for this area. As a high-quality produced book, it is a must reference for any advanced researcher or developer who works with splines and freeform representations. If you consider yourself one, this book should probably be on your bookshelf. I eagerly await what the first revision of this book may yield."
Gershon Elber, Computer-Aided Design 35 (2003) 1053
"'Shape Interrogation' in general means the process of extracting information from a geometric model. ... The aim of this text is to provide an exhaustive list of tools and algorithms useful for shape interrogation of freeform curves and surfaces. Their effectivity depends on the end user's capability of solving systems of nonlinear equations, which is one reason for the author's focus on robust polynomial solvers." (Johannes Wallner, Zentralblatt MATH, Vol. 1035, 2004)
"'Shape Interrogation' is the process of extracting information from a geometric model. ... This bookprovides a bridge between the areas of geometric modeling and solid modeling. Apart from the differential geometry topics covered, the entire book is based on the unifying concept of recasting all shape interrogations problems to the solution of a nonlinear system. ... The book can serve as a textbook for teaching advanced topics of geometric modeling for graduate students as well as professionals in industry." (deslab. mit.edu, October, 2003)
"This book gives a detailed description of algorithms and computational methods for shape interrogation ... . The book can be used in a course for advanced graduate students and also as a reference text for researchers and practitioners in CAD/CAM. ... is a very detailed and complete book on topics that are important in both the theory and the practice of geometric modeling. It is a welcome addition to the literature. Reading it and experimenting with the techniques it describes should be a rewarding experience." (Luiz Henrique de Figueiredo, Mathematical Reviews, 2003 a)
"Shape interrogation and computational geometry of free-form shapes have been a part of the geometric design and manufacturing community for a long time. This book makes a first triumphant attempt at summarizing these research efforts and is likely to become the 'Bible' for this area. As a high-quality produced book, it is a must reference for any advanced researcher or developer who works with splines and freeform representations. If you consider yourself one, this book should probably be on your bookshelf." (Gershon Elber, Computer Aided Design, Vol. 35, 2003)
"The book focuses on the topic of getting shape information from the geometric models of sculptured objects. ... Containing 408 pages, the book can be an indispensable reference for anybody with interest in this field of computer aided geometric design and software development. ... the text is sufficiently illustrated with figures and the production of the book is of goodquality. ... The book can be offered as a textbook for teaching advanced topics of geometric modeling for graduate students." (I. Horvath, Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, Vol. 24 (6), 2003)
"This book provides the mathematical fundamentals as well as algorithms for various shape interrogation methods including nonlinear polynomial solvers, intersection problems, differential geometry of intersection curves, distance functions, curve and surface interrogation, umbilics and lines of curvature, geodesics, and offset curves and surfaces. ... The book will inform and enlighten professionals in industry and therefore remains essential reading for them too." (Current Engineering Practice, Vol. 45 (3-4), 2002-03)
| Representation of Curves and Surfaces | p. 1 |
| Analytic representation of curves | p. 1 |
| Plane curves | p. 1 |
| Space curves | p. 3 |
| Analytic representation of surfaces | p. 4 |
| Bézier curves and surfaces | p. 6 |
| Bernstein polynomials | p. 6 |
| Arithmetic operations of polynomials in Bernstein form | p. 7 |
| Numerical condition of polynomials in Bernstein form | p. 9 |
| Definition of Bézier curve and its properties | p. 12 |
| Algorithms for Bézier curves | p. 13 |
| Bézier surfaces | p. 18 |
| B-spline curves and surfaces | p. 20 |
| B-splines | p. 20 |
| B-spline curve | p. 21 |
| Algorithms for B-spline curves | p. 24 |
| B-spline surface | p. 29 |
| Generalization of B-spline to NURBS | p. 30 |
| Differential Geometry of Curves | p. 35 |
| Arc length and tangent vector | p. 35 |
| Principal normal and curvature | p. 39 |
| Binormal vector and torsion | p. 43 |
| Frenet-Serret formulae | p. 47 |
| Differential Geometry of Surfaces | p. 49 |
| Tangent plane and surface normal | p. 49 |
| First fundamental form I (metric) | p. 52 |
| Second fundamental form II (curvature) | p. 55 |
| Principal curvatures | p. 59 |
| Gaussian and mean curvatures | p. 64 |
| Explicit surfaces | p. 64 |
| Implicit surfaces | p. 65 |
| Euler's theorem and Dupin's indicatrix | p. 68 |
| Nonlinear Polynomial Solvers and Robustness Issues | p. 73 |
| Introduction | p. 73 |
| Local solution methods | p. 74 |
| Classification of global solution methods | p. 76 |
| Algebraic and Hybrid Techniques | p. 76 |
| Homotopy (Continuation) Methods | p. 78 |
| Subdivision Methods | p. 78 |
| Projected Polyhedron algorithm | p. 78 |
| Auxiliary variable method for nonlinear systems with square roots of polynomials | p. 88 |
| Robustness issues | p. 90 |
| Interval arithmetic | p. 92 |
| Rounded interval arithmetic and its implementation | p. 95 |
| Double precision floating point arithmetic | p. 95 |
| Extracting the exponent from the binary representation | p. 95 |
| Comparison of two different unit-in-the-last-place implementations | p. 101 |
| Hardware rounding for rounded interval arithmetic | p. 102 |
| Implementation of rounded interval arithmetic | p. 103 |
| Interval Projected Polyhedron algorithm | p. 105 |
| Formulation of the governing polynomial equations | p. 105 |
| Comparison of software and hardware rounding | p. 106 |
| Intersection Problems | p. 109 |
| Overview of intersection problems | p. 109 |
| Intersection problem classification | p. 111 |
| Classification by dimension | p. 112 |
| Classification by type of geometry | p. 112 |
| Classification by number system | p. 114 |
| Point/point intersection | p. 114 |
| Point/curve intersection | p. 114 |
| Point/implicit algebraic curve intersection | p. 114 |
| Point/rational polynomial parametric curve intersection | p. 117 |
| Point/procedural parametric curve intersection | p. 121 |
| Point/surface intersection | p. 121 |
| Point/implicit algebraic surface intersection | p. 121 |
| Point/rational polynomial parametric surface intersection | p. 122 |
| Point/procedural parametric surface intersection | p. 125 |
| Curve/curve intersection | p. 126 |
| Rational polynomial parametric/implicit algebraic curve intersection (Case D3) | p. 126 |
| Rational polynomial parametric/rational polynomial parametric curve intersection (Case D1) | p. 130 |
| Rational polynomial parametric/procedural parametric and procedural parametric/procedural parametric curve intersections (Cases D2 and D5) | p. 131 |
| Procedural parametric/implicit algebraic curve intersection (Case D6) | p. 133 |
| Implicit algebraic/implicit algebraic curve intersection (Case D8) | p. 133 |
| Curve/surface intersection | p. 134 |
| Rational polynomial parametric curve/implicit algebraic surface intersection (Case E3) | p. 135 |
| Rational polynomial parametric curve/rational polynomial parametric surface intersection (Case E1) | p. 135 |
| Rational polynomial parametric/procedural parametric and procedural parametric/procedural parametric curve/surface intersections (Cases E2/E6) | p. 136 |
| Procedural parametric curve/implicit algebraic surface intersection (Case E7) | p. 136 |
| Implicit algebraic curve/implicit algebraic surface intersection (Case E11) | p. 137 |
| Implicit algebraic curve/rational polynomial parametric surface intersection (Case E9) | p. 137 |
| Surface/surface intersections | p. 137 |
| Rational polynomial parametric/implicit algebraic surface intersection (Case F3) | p. 138 |
| Rational polynomial parametric/rational polynomial parametric surface intersection (Case F1) | p. 147 |
| Implicit algebraic/implicit algebraic surface intersection (Case F8) | p. 151 |
| Overlapping of curves and surfaces | p. 155 |
| Self-intersection of curves and surfaces | p. 157 |
| Summary | p. 159 |
| Differential Geometry of Intersection Curves | p. 161 |
| Introduction | p. 161 |
| More differential geometry of curves | p. 162 |
| Transversal intersection curve | p. 164 |
| Tangential direction | p. 164 |
| Curvature and curvature vector | p. 165 |
| Torsion and third order derivative vector | p. 167 |
| Higher order derivative vector | p. 168 |
| Intersection curve at tangential intersection points | p. 170 |
| Tangential direction | p. 171 |
| Curvature and curvature vector | p. 173 |
| Third and higher order derivative vector | p. 176 |
| Examples | p. 177 |
| Transversal intersection of parametric-implicit surfaces | p. 177 |
| Tangential intersection of implicit-implicit surfaces | p. 179 |
| Distance Functions | p. 181 |
| Introduction | p. 181 |
| Problem formulation | p. 182 |
| Definition of the distances between two point sets | p. 182 |
| Geometric interpretation of stationarity of distance function | p. 184 |
| More about stationary points | p. 185 |
| Classification of stationary points | p. 185 |
| Nonisolated stationary points | p. 190 |
| Examples | p. 192 |
| Curve and Surface Interrogation | p. 195 |
| Classification of interrogation methods | p. 195 |
| Zeroth-order interrogation methods | p. 196 |
| First-order interrogation methods | p. 197 |
| Second-order interrogation methods | p. 200 |
| Third-order interrogation methods | p. 205 |
| Fourth-order interrogation methods | p. 208 |
| Stationary points of curvature of free-form parametric surfaces | p. 210 |
| Gaussian curvature | p. 210 |
| Mean curvature | p. 213 |
| Principal curvatures | p. 214 |
| Stationary points of curvature of explicit surfaces | p. 215 |
| Stationary points of curvature of implicit surfaces | p. 221 |
| Contouring constant curvature | p. 223 |
| Contouring levels | p. 223 |
| Finding starting points | p. 223 |
| Mathematical formulation of contouring | p. 225 |
| Examples | p. 227 |
| Umbilics and Lines of Curvature | p. 231 |
| Introduction | p. 231 |
| Lines of curvature near umbilics | p. 232 |
| Conversion to Monge form | p. 237 |
| Integration of lines of curvature | p. 242 |
| Local extrema of principal curvatures at umbilics | p. 244 |
| Perturbation of generic umbilics | p. 250 |
| Inflection lines of developable surfaces | p. 256 |
| Differential geometry of developable surfaces | p. 256 |
| Lines of curvature near inflection lines | p. 262 |
| Geodesics | p. 265 |
| Introduction | p. 265 |
| Geodesic equation | p. 266 |
| Parametric surfaces | p. 266 |
| Implicit surfaces | p. 270 |
| Two point boundary value problem | p. 272 |
| Introduction | p. 272 |
| Shooting method | p. 273 |
| Relaxation method | p. 274 |
| Initial approximation | p. 275 |
| Linear approximation | p. 275 |
| Circular arc approximation | p. 277 |
| Shortest path between a point and a curve | p. 278 |
| Numerical applications | p. 281 |
| Geodesic path between two points | p. 281 |
| Geodesic path between a point and a curve | p. 282 |
| Geodesic offsets | p. 284 |
| Geodesics on developable surfaces | p. 287 |
| Offset Curves and Surfaces | p. 293 |
| Introduction | p. 293 |
| Background and motivation | p. 293 |
| NC machining | p. 293 |
| Medial axis | p. 299 |
| Tolerance region | p. 306 |
| Planar offset curves | p. 307 |
| Differential geometry | p. 307 |
| Classification of singularities | p. 308 |
| Computation of singularities | p. 311 |
| Approximations | p. 312 |
| Offset surfaces | p. 316 |
| Differential geometry | p. 316 |
| Singularities of offset surfaces | p. 318 |
| Self-intersection of offsets of implicit quadratic surfaces | p. 319 |
| Self-intersection of offsets of explicit quadratic surfaces | p. 328 |
| Self-intersection of offsets of polynomial parametric surface patches | p. 335 |
| Tracing of self-intersection curves | p. 343 |
| Approximations | p. 345 |
| Pythagorean hodograph | p. 349 |
| Curves | p. 349 |
| Surfaces | p. 351 |
| General offsets | p. 352 |
| Pipe surfaces | p. 353 |
| Introduction | p. 353 |
| Local self-intersection of pipe surfaces | p. 355 |
| Global self-intersection of pipe surface | p. 356 |
| Problems | p. 367 |
| A Color Plates | p. 377 |
| References | p. 381 |
| Index | p. 405 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9783642040733
ISBN-10: 364204073X
Published: 28th February 2010
Format: Paperback
Number of Pages: 408
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg Gmbh & Co. Kg
Country of Publication: DE
Dimensions (cm): 23.5 x 15.5
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