Reliability and Six SIGMA

By: U. Dinesh Kumar, John Crocker, Haritha Saranga

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Hardcover | 22 March 2006

At a Glance

Hardcover
408 Pages

Dimensions(cm)
23.39 x 15.6 x 2.39

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$249.00

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Reliability and Six Sigma is a carefully developed integration of mathematical models that relate Six Sigma and reliability measures. Case studies further integrate the material throughout the book to illustrate the application of the models. In addition, the book introduces and discusses the following aspects of reliability and Six Sigma:

- The concept of reliability and Six Sigma and their role in system effectiveness

- Basic probability and statistical techniques essential for analyzing reliability and Six Sigma problems

- The measures of Six Sigma and reliability: how to predict them, interpret them, and how these measures are related

- Tools and techniques needed for evaluation of system reliability and the relationship between system reliability and Sigma level

- The design-for-reliability and the tools that are essential to implement Reliability and Six Sigma projects

- Issues related to and the management of in-service reliability

- Techniques to estimate the methodologies from in-service and test data

Industry Reviews

From the reviews:

"Six Sigma is essentially a method of assessing and improving quality ... . This text basically describes a large number of reliability measures, and shows how they can be translated into Six Sigma measures. ... the book does a fine job of introducing reliability engineers or reliability theorists into the basics of the Six Sigma methodology." (Moshe Shaked, Zentrablatt MATH, Vol. 1096 (22), 2006)

"Six Sigma is essentially a measure of process capability and allows less than 3.4 defects per million opportunities. ... The book is interspersed with several useful case studies from live examples, which make a good reading for a beginner in the subject. The book is recommended to all those who would like to see symbiosis between improved reliability design of a product and Six Sigma strategy for performance improvement." (Krishna B. Misra, International Journal of Performability Engineering, Vol. 4 (3), 2008)

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Technology in General Engineering in General Business & Management Management & Management Techniques Quality Assurance QA & Total Quality Management TQM Mechanical Engineering & Materials Production & Industrial Engineering Reliability Engineering Operational Research Industrial Quality Control

Management of Specific Areas Production of Quality Control Management Industrial Chemistry & Manufacturing Technologies

Dedication	p. v
Preface	p. xv
Acknowledgments	p. xix
Reliability and Six Sigma-Introduction
Introduction	p. 1
What Is Six Sigma?	p. 3
What Is New In Six Sigma?	p. 6
Quality and Six Sigma Level	p. 8
Reliability and Six Sigma	p. 9
Reliability and Six Sigma: Probabilistic Models
Introduction	p. 11
Probability Terminology	p. 12
Elementary Theory of Probability	p. 14
Axims of probability	p. 14
Rules of probability	p. 15
Joint event	p. 16
Conditional probability	p. 16
Probability Distribution	p. 17
Random Variable	p. 18
Types of random variables	p. 20
The Probability Distribution of a Random Variable	p. 20
Functional method	p. 21
Parametric method	p. 25
Measures of central tendency	p. 26
Measures of dispersion	p. 27
Variability	p. 29
Discrete Probability Distributions	p. 29
Bernoulli trials	p. 30
Binomial distribution	p. 31
Poisson distribution	p. 33
Continuous Probability Distributions	p. 35
Exponential distribution	p. 36
Memory less property	p. 37
Normal distribution	p. 38
Central limit theorem	p. 42
Lognoral distribution	p. 43
Weibull distribution	p. 44
Stochastic Processes	p. 46
Markov Processes	p. 47
Non-Homogeneous Poisson Process	p. 51
Renewal Process	p. 52
Renewal Function	p. 53
Elementary Renewal Theorem	p. 55
Reliability and Six Sigma Measures
Introduction	p. 57
Six Sigma Measures	p. 57
Yield	p. 58
Defects Per Million Opportunities (DPMO)	p. 59
Sigma Quality Level	p. 60
Conversion of Yield to Sigma Level	p. 60
Conversion of DPMO to Sigma Level	p. 62
Reliability Measures	p. 63
Failure Function	p. 65
Failure function of systems under multiple failure mechanisms	p. 70
Reliability Function	p. 72
Reliability function of items under multiple failure mechanisms	p. 76
Reliability function and Six Sigma	p. 77
Mission Reliability	p. 78
Hazard Function (Instantaneous Failure Rate)	p. 80
Cumulative hazard function	p. 84
Failure rate	p. 88
Mean Time to Failure	p. 89
MTTF and Sigma level	p. 91
Mean Residual Life	p. 93
Mean (Operating) Time Between Failure	p. 95
Maintenance Free Operating Period (MFOP)	p. 98
Maintenance free operating period survivability	p. 99
Case Study: Engineer Tank Engine (Armoured Vehicle Engine)	p. 101
System Reliability
Introduction	p. 105
Reliability Prediction	p. 106
Duty cycle	p. 107
Cyclic exchange rate	p. 107
Reliability Block Diagram	p. 108
Series System	p. 109
Mean time to failure of a series configuration	p. 113
Sigma level and MTTF[subscript s]	p. 114
Hazard rate (function) of a series system	p. 117
Life Exchange Rate Matrix	p. 118
Conditional Probabilities of Survival	p. 120
Parallel Systems	p. 122
Mean time to failure of a parallel configuration	p. 126
Hazard function for a parallel configuration	p. 128
Series-Parallel Combination Configuration	p. 129
K-out-of-N Systems	p. 131
Mean time to failure for a K-out-of-N System	p. 132
Standby Redundancy	p. 133
Cold standby system with perfect switching	p. 134
Cold standby system with imperfect switching	p. 136
Hot standby system	p. 136
Graceful Degradation	p. 137
Case Study - A Sonar System	p. 138
Design for Reliability and Six Sigma
Introduction	p. 143
Quality Function Deployment	p. 144
Building house of quality matrix	p. 145
Reliability Allocation	p. 152
Mathematical formulation	p. 152
Equal apportionment technique	p. 153
Minimum effort algorithm	p. 154
Apportionment for new units	p. 156
Reliability allocation factors	p. 159
Complexity factor	p. 159
Cost	p. 159
State of the Art	p. 160
Redundancy factor	p. 160
Maintainability factor	p. 161
Duty ratio factor	p. 161
Reliability allocation formula	p. 161
Accelerated Testing	p. 165
Environmental Stress Screening (ESS)	p. 166
ESS in the infant mortality period	p. 166
Burn-in	p. 167
ESS Tests	p. 168
Quantitative accelerated life tests	p. 171
Usage rate acceleration	p. 171
Overstress acceleration	p. 171
Highly accelerated life testing (HALT)	p. 173
Safety and Hazard Analysis	p. 174
Fault tree analysis (FTA)	p. 174
Construction of FTA	p. 175
Failure Mode Effects and Criticality Analysis	p. 181
Failure mode effects analysis (FMEA)	p. 182
Criticality analysis	p. 183
Risk analysis through FMEA	p. 185
Functional FMEA and Hardware FMEA	p. 187
Advantages of FMECA	p. 188
FMECA and FTA in Design	p. 188
Hazard Analysis	p. 188
Hazard analysis methodology	p. 189
Failure Reporting Analysis and Corrective Action System (FRACAS)	p. 192
Case Study - Aircraft Emergency Stopping System	p. 194
Functional FMEA	p. 195
Hardware FMEA	p. 196
In-Service Reliability
Introduction	p. 207
Definition of Inservice Reliability	p. 209
Inservice Reliability Data	p. 211
Inservice Mtbf	p. 217
Parts Life Tracking	p. 223
Safety Critical Parts	p. 226
Usage Monitoring	p. 228
Time to Failure Analysis	p. 233
Estimating Mttf from the Test Sample	p. 234
Aggregated Cumulative Hazard (ACH)	p. 236
Prognostics	p. 237
Relevant Condition Parameters RCP	p. 238
Relevant Condition Indicators RCI	p. 243
Case Study: Aircraft Engine Components	p. 244
The data	p. 245
Analysis of failures generating unscheduled maintenance	p. 247
No fault found (NFF)	p. 249
Reliability and Six Sigma Estimation
Introduction	p. 253
Reliability Estimation and Failure Data	p. 254
Estimation of Parameters: Empirical Approach	p. 255
Estimation of parameters: Complete Ungrouped Data	p. 255
Confidence Interval	p. 256
Analysis of grouped data	p. 260
Analysis of censored data	p. 263
Regression	p. 264
Correlation co-efficient	p. 267
Linear regression for exponential distribution	p. 267
Linear regression for Weibull distribution	p. 269
Linear regression for normal distribution	p. 271
Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE)	p. 272
Complete and uncensored data	p. 273
Maximum likelihood estimator of exponential distribution	p. 274
Maximum likelihood estimator for Weibull distribution	p. 276
Maximum likelihood estimator for normal distribution	p. 279
Case Study: Engineer Tank	p. 281
Software Reliability
Introduction	p. 289
Software Reliability Metrics	p. 291
Requirement reliability metrics	p. 291
Design and Code reliability metrics	p. 292
Testing reliability metrics	p. 293
Software Reliability Models	p. 293
Software Reliability Prediction Models	p. 295
In-house historical data collection model	p. 295
Musa's execution time model	p. 295
Putnam's model	p. 297
Software Reliability Estimation Model	p. 299
Exponential model	p. 299
Generalized exponential model	p. 300
Goel-Okumoto Model	p. 301
Jelinski-Moranda Model	p. 302
Software Testing	p. 303
Software Risk Analysis Using Fmea	p. 305
Fault Tolerant Software	p. 307
Recovery blocks	p. 307
N-version programming	p. 309
Case Study: Ariane 5	p. 309
Availability and Six Sigma
Introduction	p. 313
Point Availability	p. 314
Markov model for point availability	p. 314
Average availability	p. 317
Inherent availability	p. 317
Availability, DPMO and Sigma level	p. 318
System Availability	p. 320
Achieved Availability	p. 323
Operational Availability	p. 325
Reliability and Six Sigma Management
Introduction	p. 329
Reliability Management	p. 330
Reliability demonstration	p. 330
Two-Sided Reliability Demonstration Test	p. 331
Demonstration of constant failure rate or MTBF	p. 333
Reliability Growth Program	p. 334
Duane Model	p. 335
Life Cycle Cost and Total Cost of Ownership	p. 338
Total Cost of Ownership Model	p. 339
Mathematical models for estimation of total cost of ownership	p. 340
Estimation of operating cost	p. 340
Estimation of Maintenance Cost	p. 342
Estimation of logistic support cost	p. 343
Total cost of ownership	p. 343
Total Cost of Ownership - Case Study on Freight Cars on an Asian Railway System	p. 344
Reliability and maintainability of freight car	p. 344
Operational availability of freight car	p. 346
Operating cost of freight car	p. 346
Maintenance cost for freight car	p. 347
Logistic support cost	p. 348
Total cost of ownership of freight car	p. 348
Impact of Sigma Level on Total Cost of Ownership	p. 349
Six Sigma Project Management	p. 350
Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for Six Sigma project selection	p. 351
Dmaic Cycle	p. 355
Define phase	p. 356
Measure Phase	p. 357
Analyze Phase	p. 358
Improve phase	p. 359
Control phase	p. 359
Case Study: Dmaic Methodology	p. 360
PowerPlus battery manufacturing company	p. 360
Define stage	p. 361
Measure	p. 361
Analyze	p. 361
Improve Stage	p. 363
Control	p. 363
Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)	p. 363
Six Sigma Black Belt and Green Belt	p. 364
Appendix	p. 365
References	p. 371
Index	p. 381
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Reliability and Six SIGMA

At a Glance

Hardcover

Industry Reviews

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