Rape and Sexual Assault

Preface
Acknowledgments

1. Background and History
Introduction
Terminology
Theories of Sexual Violence
- Biology/Evolutionary
- Psychopathology
- Social Learning and Gender Socialization
- Feminist Perspectives on Rape and Rape Culture
- Culture of Violence
Historical Overview
- Marital Rape
- Rape as a Weapon in War
- Rape on Campus
- America's Most Underreported Crime
- Male and LGBT Victims of Rape
- Misconceptions about Rapists
- Risk Factors for Sexual Assault Victimization
- Activism
- New Laws and Policies
Conclusion
References

2. Problems, Controversies, and Solutions
Introduction
Problems in Serving Justice
- An Underreported Crime
- Challenges of Pursuing Sexual Assault Investigations
- The Rape Kit Backlog
- Statutes of Limitations
- Failure to Believe and False Accusation Rates
Punishments and Treatments
- Therapeutic Sex Offender Treatments
- Medical Treatments for Sex Offenders
- Supervision and Registration
- Restorative Justice
Sexual Misconduct on Campus
- Obama Administration Policies on Sexual Assault on Campus
- Trump Administration Policies on Sexual Assault on Campus
- Biden Administration Policies on Sexual Assault on Campus
- School Disciplinary Boards versus the Criminal Justice System
The U.S. Military and Sexual Misconduct
- Challenges in Reporting
- Challenges Posed by the Chain of Command
Solutions
- Activism
- Legislation
- Affirmative Consent and Consent Education
- Bystander Intervention
- Rape Prevention
- Dismantling Rape Culture
Conclusion
References

3. Perspectives
Introduction
Behind the Hotline, Lindsey Breslin
Working at a Child Advocacy Center, Robin Friesen-Holwell
You Are Not Alone: The Perspective of a Sexual Assault Nurse Examiner, Elyse Diewald
More Than JUST Words: Integrating Trauma Informed Practices into Justice System Responses, Elisa Carias
Perspectives from the Field: Campus Sexual Assault Prevention, Teresa Wroe
Reflections from My Work with Survivors, Eve Wesson
Lessons I Never Wanted to Learn, Annie O'Brien
Was It Really Ok?, Gavrielle Mayman
Unburying Trauma, Giovanni Alexis Venzor Melendez

4. Profiles
Introduction
Selected Cases: Organizations
- Armed Forces, U.S.
- Boy Scouts of America (Scouts BSA)
- Catholic Church
Selected Cases: Individuals
- Bill Cosby (1937-)
- Jeffrey Epstein (1953-2019)
- R. Kelly (1967-)
- Larry Nassar (1963-)
- Harvey Weinstein (1952-)
Prominent Politicians
Selected Activists
- Tarana J. Burke (1973-)
- Christine Blasey Ford (1966-)
- Anita Hill (1956-)
- Mary P. Koss
- Rachel Lloyd (1975-)
- Chanel Miller (1992-)
- Denis Mukwege (1955-) and Nadia Murad (1993-)
Campus Activists and Organizations
National Anti-Sexual Assault Organizations
References

5. Data and Documents
Introduction
Data
- Table 5.1 Reasons for Not Reporting Sexual Assault Prevalence
- Figure 5.1 Locations of Sexual Assault
- Figure 5.2 Most Perpetrators Are Known to the Victim
- Table 5.2 Number of Known Untested Rape Kits
- Table 5.3 Elementary, Secondary, and Post-Secondary Schools with Open Investigations for Possible Title IX Violations for Mishandling Sexual Assault Cases
Documents
- Victims of Crime Act (1984)
- Clery Act (1990)
- Violence Against Women Act (1994)
- Prison Rape Elimination Act (2003)
- Enough is Enough Act (2015)
- Victim's Impact Statement in Stanford Rape Sentencing (2016)
- National Defense Authorization Act (Fiscal Year 2022)

6. Resources
Introduction
Books
- Sexual Assault
- Memoirs
- Resources for Healing
Select Journal Articles and Research Reports (2010-Present)
Documentaries/Docuseries
Podcasts
Activism
Nonprofits, Organizations, Programs, and Campaigns

7. Chronology

Glossary
Index