Principles of Deformity Correction

Exercise Workbook

By: Dror Paley

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Paperback | 21 February 2003 | Edition Number 2003

At a Glance

Paperback
460 Pages

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28 x 21 x 2.4

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$179.00

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This exercise workbook including an animated CD-ROM accompanies "Principles of Deformity Correction", a comprehensive text on the analysis, planning, and treatment of lower limb deformities in an accessible and instructive format. In addition to the book, which is extensively illustrated to avoid confusion and to leave little to the imagination, the planning is further facilitated via the exercise workbook and the animated CD-ROM which are available separately. The methods taught are simple and intuitive and require little memorization. The set of books and the CD are of equal interest to pediatric and adult orthopaedic surgeons.

Industry Reviews

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"This book takes the form of planning exercises to define a surgical strategy for correction of lower limb malunion. ... Along with the paper book, which represents a true exercise workbook, a goniometer is given ... . This is an excellent, original book. It is meant for trainees, to approach the difficult problem of lower limb malunion, and also for experimental surgeons ... ." (M.-H. Fessy, Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy, Vol. 26 (1), 2004)

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Non-Fiction Medicine Surgery Orthopaedics & Fractures Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery

Normal Lower Limb Alignment and Joint Orientation	p. 1
Mechanical and Anatomic Bone Axes	p. 1
Joint Center Points	p. 5
Joint Orientation Lines	p. 5
Ankle	p. 5
Knee	p. 5
Hip	p. 8
Joint Orientation Angles and Nomenclature	p. 8
Mechanical Axis and Mechanical Axis Deviation (MAD)	p. 10
Hip Joint Orientation	p. 12
Knee Joint Orientation	p. 13
Ankle Joint Orientation	p. 16
References	p. 17
Malalignment and Malorientation in the Frontal Plane	p. 19
Malalignment	p. 19
MAT	p. 23
Malorientation of the Ankle and Hip	p. 28
Orientation of the Ankle and Hip in the Frontal Plane	p. 28
MOT of the Ankle	p. 28
MOT of the Hip	p. 30
References	p. 30
Radiographic Assessment of Lower Limb Deformities	p. 31
Knee	p. 31
Ankle and Hip	p. 40
Radiographic Examination in the Sagittal Plane	p. 46
Knee	p. 46
Ankle	p. 51
Hip	p. 53
Radiographic Examination in One Plane When There Is a Deformity Component in the Other Plane	p. 57
References	p. 60
Frontal Plane Mechanical and Anatomic Axis Planning	p. 61
Mechanical Axis Planning	p. 61
Anatomic Axis Planning	p. 63
Determining the CORA by Frontal Plane Mechanical and Anatomic Axis Planning: Step by Step	p. 64
CORA Method, Tibial Deformities	p. 64
Mechanical Axis Planning of Tibial Deformities	p. 64
Anatomic Axis Planning of Tibial Deformities	p. 74
CORA Method, Femoral Deformities	p. 76
Mechanical Axis Planning of Femoral Deformities	p. 76
Anatomic Axis Planning of Femoral Deformities	p. 81
Multiapical Deformities	p. 97
Osteotomy Concepts and Frontal Plane Realignment	p. 99
Angulation Correction Axis (ACA)	p. 99
Bisector Lines	p. 101
Relationship of Osteotomy Type to Bisector Lines	p. 101
Osteotomy Rules	p. 102
Translation and Length Displacement at the Osteotomy Line	p. 105
Opening Wedge Osteotomy	p. 106
Closing Wedge Osteotomy	p. 106
Focal Dome Osteotomy	p. 112
Clinical Choice of Osteotomy Level and Type	p. 114
Multiapical Osteotomy Solutions	p. 140
Single Osteotomy Solutions	p. 140
Multiple Osteotomy Solutions	p. 142
References	p. 154
Sagittal Plane Deformities	p. 155
Sagittal Plane Alignment in the Lower Limb	p. 155
Sagittal Plane MAT	p. 157
Knee Joint Malorientation	p. 157
Overall Sagittal Plane MOT	p. 159
Knee Level Sagittal Plane MOT	p. 163
Overall Sagittal Plane MOT of the Ankle	p. 163
Ankle Level Sagittal Plane MOT of the Ankle	p. 165
Sagittal Plane Anatomic Axis Planning of Tibial Deformity Correction	p. 165
Sagittal Plane Anatomic Axis Planning of Femoral Deformity Correction	p. 169
Osteotomies in the Sagittal Plane	p. 169
References	p. 174
Oblique Plane Deformities	p. 175
Plane of Angulation	p. 175
Graphic Method	p. 179
Graphic Method Error	p. 183
Base of Triangle Method	p. 183
Axis of Correction of Angulatory Deformities	p. 186
Definition of Angulation	p. 193
References	p. 193
Translation and Angulation-Translation Deformities	p. 195
Translation Deformity	p. 195
Two Angulations Equal One Translation	p. 200
Translation Effects on MAD	p. 200
Osteotomies for Correction of Translation Deformity	p. 202
Combining Angulation and Translation	p. 203
A-t Deformities and MAD	p. 205
Graphic Analysis of a-t Deformities	p. 205
Angulation and Translation in the Same Plane	p. 205
Anatomic Plane Deformity	p. 205
Oblique Plane Deformity	p. 208
Angulation and Translation in Different Planes	p. 209
Anatomic Plane Deformity with Angulation and Translation 90[degree] Apart	p. 209
Oblique Plane Deformity with Angulation and Translation 90[degree] Apart	p. 211
One Anatomic and One Oblique Plane Deformity with Angulation and Translation in Different Planes Less Than 90[degree] Apart	p. 214
Oblique Plane Deformity with Angulation and Translation Less Than 90[degree] Apart	p. 216
Osteotomy Correction of a-t Deformities	p. 218
Osteotomy Correction of Angulation and Translation in the Same Plane	p. 219
Correction of Angulation and Translation in Different Planes	p. 222
Multilevel Fracture Deformities	p. 231
References	p. 234
Rotation and Angulation-Rotation Deformities	p. 235
Clinical Assessment of Rotation Deformities	p. 235
Level of Osteotomy for Rotation Deformities	p. 243
Frontal Plane Preoperative Planning for Rotation Deformities	p. 249
Factoring in Rotation for Mechanical Axis Planning of the Femur	p. 250
Frontal Plane Anatomic Axis Planning for Rotation Deformities	p. 252
Combined Angulation and Rotation Deformities	p. 252
Locating the Inclined Axis	p. 259
Locating the Inclined Osteotomy	p. 261
Inclined Focal Dome Osteotomy	p. 266
Clinical Examples	p. 266
References	p. 268
Length Considerations: Gradual Versus Acute Correction of Deformities	p. 269
Length Considerations for Angular Corrections	p. 276
Neurovascular Structures	p. 278
Nerves	p. 282
Vessels	p. 287
Muscles, Tendons, and Fascia	p. 287
Ligaments	p. 287
Skin	p. 288
References	p. 289
Hardware and Osteotomy Considerations	p. 291
Choice of Hardware	p. 291
Patient Age	p. 291
Osteotomy Types	p. 291
Closing Wedge Osteotomy	p. 291
Opening Wedge Osteotomy	p. 297
Angulation-Translation Osteotomy	p. 300
Dome Osteotomy	p. 300
Hardware	p. 300
Plate Fixation	p. 300
Intramedullary Nails	p. 307
External Fixation	p. 346
Order of Correction	p. 383
Lever Arm Principle	p. 387
Method of Osteotomy	p. 389
References	p. 410
Six-Axis Deformity Analysis and Correction	p. 411
The Taylor Spatial Frame Fixator	p. 412
Introduction	p. 412
Modes of Correction	p. 416
Planning Methods	p. 418
Fracture Method	p. 418
CORAgin Method	p. 420
CORAsponding Point Method	p. 422
Virtual Hinge Method	p. 424
Line of Closest Approach (LOCA)	p. 426
Taylor Computer-assisted Design (CAD) Software	p. 429
Reference Concepts	p. 429
Rate of Correction and Structure at Risk (SAR)	p. 430
Parallactic Homologues of Deformity: Proximal versus Distal Reference Perspective	p. 433
References	p. 436
Consequences of Malalignment	p. 437
Static Considerations	p. 438
Dynamic Considerations	p. 440
Rotational Considerations	p. 443
Animal Laboratory Models	p. 444
Cadaver Laboratory Models	p. 444
Clinical Longitudinal Studies	p. 446
Summary	p. 448
References	p. 448
Malalignment Due to Ligamentous Laxity of the Knee	p. 451
LCL Laxity	p. 451
MCL Laxity	p. 462
References	p. 464
Knee Joint Line Deformity Sources of Malalignment	p. 465
References	p. 478
Realignment for Mono-compartment Osteoarthritis of the Knee	p. 479
Deformities in Association with MCOA	p. 479
Bone Deformities	p. 479
Joint Deformities	p. 479
Customized HTO	p. 485
Malalignment Test form Mono-Compartment Osteoarthritis	p. 485
Femoral versus Tibial Osteotomy	p. 485
Level of Center of Rotation of Angulation	p. 492
Magnitude of Correction	p. 492
Type of Osteotomy and Fixation	p. 494
Considerations	p. 495
Medical Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Medial Collateral Ligament Pseudolaxity	p. 495
Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Lateral Collateral Ligament Pseudolaxity	p. 497
Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Rotation Deformity	p. 497
Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Hyperextension	p. 499
Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Fixed Flexion Deformity	p. 502
Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Lateral Subluxation	p. 503
Medial Compartment Osteoarthritis Varus plus Medial Plateau Depression	p. 503
Lateral Compartment Osteoarthritis (LCOA)	p. 504
References	p. 507
Sagittal Plane Knee Considerations	p. 509
Frontal Plane Knee Considerations	p. 509
FFD of the Knee	p. 509
HE and Recurvatum Knee Deformity	p. 538
Knee Extension Contracture	p. 563
Patella Baja and Alta	p. 568
References	p. 569
Ankle and Foot Considerations	p. 571
Frontal Plane Ankle Deformities	p. 574
Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Varus and Valgus Deformities	p. 579
Sagittal Plane Ankle Deformities	p. 581
Supramalleolar Osteotomy for Recurvatum and Procurvatum Deformities	p. 585
Compensatory Mechanisms and Deformities: Mobile, Fixed, and Absent	p. 596
Specific Ankle Malalignment Deformities	p. 611
Ankle Fusion Malunion	p. 611
Flattop Talus Deformity	p. 611
Ball and Socket Ankle Joint	p. 619
Overcorrected Clubfoot and Other Lateral Translation Deformities of the Heel	p. 623
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction	p. 627
Completely Stiff Foot Treatment by Supramalleolar Osteotomy	p. 627
Partial Growth Arrest	p. 630
Malunion of Fibula	p. 630
Ankle Contractures	p. 630
References	p. 645
Hip Joint Considerations	p. 647
Limb in Neutral Alignment to Pelvis, No Intraor Periarticular Limitation of Range of Motion	p. 647
Varus Deformity	p. 647
Valgus Deformity	p. 653
Limb in Neutral Alignment to Pelvis, Intra-articular Limitation of Range of Motion	p. 653
Varus Deformity	p. 653
Valgus Deformity	p. 653
Lesser Trochanter Considerations	p. 656
Greater Trochanter Considerations	p. 660
Sagittal Plane Considerations	p. 672
Deformities of the Head and Neck of the Femur	p. 673
Pseudo-subluxation of the Hip	p. 684
Deformities Due to Hip Ankylosis and Arthrodesis between the Femur and the Pelvis	p. 686
Pelvic Support Osteotomy	p. 689
References	p. 694
Growth Plate Considerations	p. 695
LLD	p. 695
Predicting LLD	p. 695
Multiplier Method	p. 697
Additional Growth Databases	p. 701
Relationship of Multipliers for Boys to Multipliers for Girls	p. 701
Development of the Multiplier	p. 702
Limb Length Discrepancy Prediction Formulae	p. 702
Prediction of Limb Length Discrepancy at Skeletal Maturity Using the Multiplier Growth-Remaining Method for Cases of Postnatal Developmental Discrepancy	p. 702
Percentage of Total Bone Growth from the Distal Femur and Proximal Tibia	p. 703
Using the Multiplier Method to Calculate Timing for Epiphysiodesis	p. 703
Growth Prediction Controversies	p. 704
Growth Plate Considerations Relative to Deformity	p. 705
Cause of Deformities	p. 705
Developmental Angular Deformities	p. 705
Angular Deformities: Gradual Correction by Hemi-epiphysiodesis	p. 708
Planning for Hemi-epiphyseal Stapling for Angular Correction at the Knee in Children	p. 708
Multiplier Method for Timing Hemi-epiphyseal Stapling for Correction of Angular Deformity	p. 710
Multiplier Method for Calculating When to Remove Hemi-epiphyseal Staples in Young Children	p. 710
References	p. 715
Gait Considerations	p. 717
Gait Considerations in Association with Lower Limb Deformities	p. 717
Sacrifice of Joint Motion	p. 717
Fixed Joint Position	p. 718
Abnormal Loading of Joints	p. 721
Compensatory Mechanisms	p. 721
Frontal Plane Malalignment	p. 722
Distal Tibia Varus or Valgus	p. 722
Varus Deformity at the Knee	p. 725
Valgus Deformity of the Knee	p. 732
Varus or Valgus Deformity of the Proximal Femur	p. 735
Sagittal Plane Deformity	p. 738
Ankle Equinus Deformity	p. 739
Excessive Ankle Dorsiflexion or Calcaneus Deformity	p. 743
Ankle Arthrodesis Deformities	p. 744
Anterior Translation of the Foot	p. 746
Fixed Flexion Deformity of the Knee	p. 749
Recurvatum of the Knee	p. 751
Hip Flexion Deformity	p. 751
Hip Fusion	p. 752
Rotational Malalignment	p. 753
Leg Length Considerations	p. 755
References	p. 758
Dynamic Deformities and Lever Arm Considerations	p. 761
Levers	p. 761
Mechanical Advantage	p. 763
Moments and Motions	p. 763
Redundancy	p. 765
Normal Function	p. 766
Introduction	p. 766
Mechanics of the Ankle: First Rocker	p. 766
Mechanics of the Ankle: Second Rocker	p. 766
Mechanics of the Ankle: Third Rocker	p. 767
Force Production and Compensation	p. 768
Pathological Function	p. 768
Short Lever Arm	p. 768
Flexible Lever Arm	p. 771
Malrotated Lever Arm	p. 772
Unstable Fulcrum	p. 773
Positional Abnormalities	p. 773
References	p. 775
TKR and Total Hip Replacement Associated with Malalignment	p. 777
Normal Alignment Versus Malalignment in Association with Total Knee Arthroplasty	p. 777
Management of Fixed Soft Tissue Deformities	p. 780
Clinical Assessment	p. 780
Radiographic Assessment	p. 780
Intraoperative Placement of Components and Consequences of Malalignment	p. 782
Varus Deformities	p. 783
Valgus Deformities	p. 783
Flexion Deformity and Contracture	p. 783
Recurvatum Deformity	p. 786
Peroneal Nerve Palsy and Operative Release	p. 786
Trial Reduction after Ligamentous Balancing	p. 786
Summary of Soft Tissue Balancing Principles	p. 787
Extra-articular Bone Deformities	p. 788
Total Knee Arthroplasty after Failed HTO	p. 792
Preoperative Assessment	p. 792
Proximal Tibial Osteotomy-Related Problems for TKR	p. 793
Proximal Femoral Deformities and Total Hip Arthroplasty	p. 794
Preoperative Planning	p. 796
Soft Tissue Balancing	p. 797
Bone Deformity Correction	p. 797
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Principles of Deformity Correction

Exercise Workbook

At a Glance

Paperback

Industry Reviews

Shipping

How to return your order

Defective items

You Can Find This Book In

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