Pressure Groups

By: Duncan Watts

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Paperback | 4 April 2007

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248 Pages

Age
22+

Dimensions(cm)
21.6 x 13.8

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Pressure Groups are an increasingly important feature of the political landscape and they are active on many levels, local, national or European. They reflect a diverse compass of interests from the well-known (the National Farmers' Union) to the less familiar (the Zip Fastener Association) and interact with a wide range of political players in different parts of the political system: parties, the media, government and parliament. They are involved at every stage of the political process, from raising issues and agenda setting to policy implementation and monitoring. Subjects covered include: *Classifying pressure groups *How pressure groups operate *Pressure group resources *Trends in pressure group activity *Protest politics and direct action *Pressure groups and the Scottish Parliament *Pressure groups and the European Union *The abolition of hunting with dogs *Pressure groups and democracy This book provides an accessible guide to the role of Pressure Groups in our democracy, establishing clear definitions and analysing their role and performance. It includes the findings of recent research into the workings of British pressure groups in the European Union and of the ways in which lobbyists consult with the devolved legislatures in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Sociology & Anthropology Sociology Politics & Government Political Control & Freedoms Political Activism Pressure Groups & Lobbying

List of boxes	p. viii
List of tables	p. x
Introduction	p. 1
The growth and extent of group activity	p. 2
The proliferation of groups	p. 3
Some matters of definition	p. 6
Movements	p. 7
Political parties and pressure groups	p. 10
Why groups matter	p. 13
Studying pressure groups: theoretical perspectives on group power	p. 14
Classifying Pressure Groups	p. 28
Opening observations	p. 29
The sectoral approach	p. 29
Protective and promotional groups	p. 30
Insider and outsider groups	p. 33
Summary	p. 41
How Pressure Groups Operate	p. 44
Groups and the access points they employ	p. 45
The traditional outlets used by pressure groups	p. 46
Alternative outlets	p. 57
Summary	p. 62
Pressure Group Resources and Success	p. 66
Determinants of group influence across the world	p. 67
The determinants of group effectiveness in Britain	p. 68
Key factors in group influence	p. 70
Group resources	p. 70
Group access to and contacts with decision-makers	p. 78
The political circumstances and climate	p. 81
Trends in Group Activity since 1979	p. 86
The explosion of group activity	p. 87
Pressure groups under the Conservatives, 1979-97: a changing scene	p. 90
The 1997 Labour government and group activity	p. 92
Developments and trends in the British Green Movement since 1979: a case study	p. 98
Protest Politics and Direct Action	p. 110
The meaning of direct action	p. 111
The growing popularity of direct action	p. 113
Direct action in practice: some case studies	p. 119
Recent trends reviewed	p. 126
Is direct action legitimate in a democracy?	p. 128
Pressure Groups and the Devolved Legislatures	p. 135
General considerations	p. 136
The growth of group activity in Scotland since devolution	p. 136
A new style of Scottish government: consensus and consultation	p. 138
The Scottish Civic Forum	p. 143
Consultation with the Scottish Executive in practice	p. 144
The reactions of different categories of Scottish pressure groups	p. 147
Case studies: the experience of two influential Scottish pressure groups	p. 149
Criticisms of group activity in Scotland	p. 152
Assessment of group activity in Scotland	p. 154
Pressure groups and the Welsh National Assembly	p. 158
Pressure groups in Northern Ireland	p. 160
Lobbying the European Union	p. 166
Why pressure groups lobby in the European Union	p. 167
Why the amount of lobbying has increased in recent years	p. 171
How pressure groups lobby in the European Union and the institutions they target	p. 173
Recent trends in European Union lobbying	p. 177
The findings of a 1993 questionnaire	p. 179
The findings of a 2004 update	p. 180
Conclusion	p. 182
The Abolition of Hunting with Dogs: an English, Welsh and Scottish Case Study	p. 187
Introduction	p. 188
The campaign to end hunting with dogs in England and Wales	p. 188
The pressure groups involved on either side of the dispute and the methods employed	p. 192
The campaign to end hunting with dogs in Scotland	p. 198
Conclusion	p. 202
Pressure Groups and Democracy	p. 206
Assessing group activity	p. 207
The case against pressure groups: how they undermine democracy	p. 208
The case for pressure groups: how they sustain and enhance democracy	p. 215
Conclusion	p. 218
References	p. 223
Index	p. 230
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Pressure Groups

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