| Coping with Semantic Variety in E-Business | p. 1 |
| Semantic Variety and Ambiguity | p. 1 |
| Research Agenda | p. 3 |
| Research Objectives | p. 5 |
| Business Application Domains | p. 8 |
| Book Structure | p. 9 |
| E-Business Integration: Processes, Applications, Standards | |
| Integrating Processes, Applications and Information | p. 13 |
| The Business Case for E-Integration | p. 13 |
| The Business Process Paradigm | p. 14 |
| Process Integration | p. 14 |
| Business Processes and Information Technology | p. 15 |
| Application Integration | p. 16 |
| Networks for Application Integration | p. 16 |
| Business Applications | p. 17 |
| Intercompany Document Exchange - EDI | p. 18 |
| Supply Chain Management | p. 20 |
| Electronic Markets | p. 22 |
| Information Integration | p. 26 |
| Information Concept and Typology | p. 26 |
| Integration Levels | p. 28 |
| Integration Methods | p. 29 |
| E-Business Standards | p. 31 |
| Definition | p. 31 |
| An E-Business Standards Typology | p. 32 |
| Formatting Technical and Business Information | p. 32 |
| Levels of E-Business Standardization | p. 33 |
| Standards Typology Model | p. 39 |
| Technical Standards | p. 41 |
| Syntactic Standards | p. 41 |
| Semantic Standards | p. 44 |
| Identification Standards | p. 46 |
| Classification Standards | p. 49 |
| Catalog Exchange Formats | p. 55 |
| Transaction Standards | p. 58 |
| Process Standards | p. 62 |
| Semantic Variety | p. 64 |
| Application Scope of E-Business Semantics | p. 64 |
| Semantic Heterogeneity | p. 65 |
| Criteria for Standards Selection | p. 68 |
| E-Business Diffusion and Standard Adoption | p. 70 |
| Case Study: Designing ebXML - The Work of UN/CEFACT | p. 79 |
| Background - UN/CEFACT's B2B Goal | p. 79 |
| The ebXML Vision à la UN/CEFACT | p. 80 |
| The ebXML Scenario | p. 81 |
| The Role of Large Companies/Organizations/Industries | p. 82 |
| How SMEs Will Benefit | p. 84 |
| The ebXML Initiative (1999-2001) | p. 84 |
| The Transition Period (2001-2004) | p. 87 |
| A Critical Evaluation of ebXML | p. 88 |
| Did ebXML Fulfill Its Promise? | p. 89 |
| The Successful Elements of ebXML | p. 90 |
| Why Didn't the ebXML Elements Dealing with Business Semantics Succeed? | p. 91 |
| Conclusion | p. 92 |
| Knowledge Management Technologies | |
| Ontology Engineering | p. 97 |
| Ontologies in Computer Science | p. 97 |
| Structure | p. 98 |
| Types of Ontologies | p. 100 |
| Representation | p. 102 |
| Logical Representation | p. 102 |
| Ontology Languages | p. 104 |
| Visualization | p. 107 |
| Ontology Mismatches | p. 109 |
| Types of Mismatch | p. 109 |
| Basic Resolution Approaches | p. 112 |
| Engineering Techniques | p. 112 |
| Creation | p. 113 |
| Coordination | p. 115 |
| Merging | p. 123 |
| Advanced Knowledge Creation Techniques | p. 125 |
| Methods from Artificial Intelligence | p. 125 |
| Ontology Inference and Ontology Reasoning | p. 126 |
| Machine Learning | p. 127 |
| Knowledge Evolution | p. 129 |
| Ontology Mapping Disambiguation | p. 132 |
| Ratings- and Context-Based Approaches | p. 132 |
| Community-Based Approaches | p. 136 |
| Semantic Web Programming Frameworks | p. 139 |
| Rationale | p. 139 |
| Basic Framework Features | p. 140 |
| Advanced Framework Features | p. 141 |
| Framework Examples | p. 142 |
| E-Business Integration with Semantic Technologies | |
| A Methodology for Semantic E-Business Integration | p. 153 |
| Semantic Synchronization | p. 153 |
| Synchronization in E-Business Processes | p. 154 |
| Semantic References | p. 155 |
| Adaptive Semi-automated Semantic Referencing | p. 156 |
| Step 1: Conversion | p. 157 |
| Step 2: Matching and Mapping | p. 158 |
| Step 3: Deducing New Knowledge | p. 160 |
| Step 4: Storage | p. 160 |
| Steps 5 and 6: Reference Provision | p. 160 |
| Steps 7 and 8: Intelligence Collection | p. 161 |
| Context Sensitivity | p. 162 |
| Ratings | p. 162 |
| Context Definition | p. 163 |
| Context Description | p. 165 |
| Determination | p. 166 |
| Comprehensive Semantic Support | p. 171 |
| Access Control for E-Business Integration | p. 173 |
| Rationale | p. 173 |
| Scenario | p. 174 |
| History-Based Access Control | p. 176 |
| Histories | p. 176 |
| Operations | p. 178 |
| Rules | p. 179 |
| Security Architecture | p. 181 |
| Architecture Overview | p. 181 |
| Workflow | p. 182 |
| Modeling Access to Standards | p. 183 |
| Related Work | p. 190 |
| Conclusion | p. 191 |
| Case Study: An Application for Dynamic Semantic E-Business Integration - The ORBI Ontology Mediator | p. 193 |
| E-Business Integration Scenarios | p. 193 |
| User Interface | p. 194 |
| Browser Plug-In for Web-Based E-Business Applications | p. 196 |
| Web-Service-Based Application Integration | p. 197 |
| Use Cases | p. 200 |
| Administrator Activities | p. 200 |
| User Activities | p. 201 |
| Expert User Activities | p. 202 |
| System Activities | p. 203 |
| Web Service Functionality | p. 204 |
| Core Functions | p. 205 |
| Advanced Functions | p. 205 |
| Support Functions | p. 206 |
| Class Model for Reference Management | p. 207 |
| Implementation | p. 208 |
| Technology | p. 208 |
| System Architecture | p. 208 |
| System Functionality | p. 210 |
| External Systems Adapters | p. 213 |
| System Evaluation | p. 215 |
| Discussion | p. 218 |
| Business Integration - Past, Present and Beyond | p. 221 |
| Technical Challenges | p. 222 |
| Business Challenges | p. 223 |
| Conceptual Challenges | p. 224 |
| List of Abbreviations | p. 227 |
| List of Figures | p. 231 |
| List of Tables | p. 235 |
| References | p. 237 |
| Index | p. 263 |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |