On Justification

Economies of Worth

By: Luc Boltanski, Laurent Thevenot, Catherine Porter (Translator)

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Paperback | 27 June 2006

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A vital and underappreciated dimension of social interaction is the way individuals justify their actions to others, instinctively drawing on their experience to appeal to principles they hope will command respect. Individuals, however, often misread situations, and many disagreements can be explained by people appealing, knowingly and unknowingly, to different principles. On Justification is the first English translation of Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thevenot's ambitious theoretical examination of these phenomena, a book that has already had a huge impact on French sociology and is likely to have a similar influence in the English-speaking world.

In this foundational work of post-Bourdieu sociology, the authors examine a wide range of situations where people justify their actions. The authors argue that justifications fall into six main logics exemplified by six authors: civic (Rousseau), market (Adam Smith), industrial (Saint-Simon), domestic (Bossuet), inspiration (Augustine), and fame (Hobbes). The authors show how these justifications conflict, as people compete to legitimize their views of a situation.

On Justification is likely to spark important debates across the social sciences.

Industry Reviews

"Boltanski and Thevenot's On Justification is one of the most important contributions to the field of economic sociology in the past decade. It does not fit neatly into any of the major theoretical perspectives that currently dominate the field-institutionalism, organizational ecology, network analysis, rational choice, or transaction-cost economics. But precisely because it is so original, it has great potential to chart new territory and enliven debates. The book has already had an enormous impact in France, where it is one of the founding documents of the 'economics of conventions' school. It is sure to have a big impact in sociology in the United States and Britain too. I could list at least twenty major sociologists who have asked me when the book will be translated."-David Stark, Columbia University

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Non-Fiction Sociology & Anthropology Anthropology Social & Cultural Anthropology, Ethnography Economics Political Economy Reference, Information & Interdisciplinary Subjects Research & Information Research Methods Sociology Social Theory

Preface
How We Wrote This Book 1 Generalizing Field Observations and Producing Statistical Equivalency 1 Ordinary Identification and Scientific Qualification	p. 3
From Comparison to Judgment	p. 4
Construction of Proofs and Tension between the General and the Particular	p. 7
The Tension between Different Forms of Generality	p. 8
Attention to Critical Operations	p. 10
Generality and the Common Goo d: Concepts of Worth in Political Philosophy	p. 12
The Search for a Common Model	p. 14
The Social Bond Put to the Test of Things	p. 16
The Line of Argument	p. 18
The Imperative to Justify	p. 23
The Social Sciences and the Legitimacy of Agreement	p. 25
The Critique of Sociology's Lack of Realism	p. 26
Individualis m: A Different Social Metaphysics	p. 27
Political Metaphysics as a Social Science	p. 28
The Question of Agreement	p. 31
Association and Forms of Generality	p. 32
The Order of the General and the Particular	p. 35
The Requirement of General Agreement and the Legitimacy of Order	p. 37
The Reality Test and Prudent Judgment	p. 40
The Foundation of Agreement in Political Philosophy: The Example of the Market Polity	p. 43
A Social Bond Based on an Inclination toward Exchange in One's Own Interest	p. 44
Individuals in Concert in Their Lust for Goods	p. 48
The Sympathetic Disposition and the Position of Impartial Spectator	p. 53
The Polities	p. 63
Political Orders and a Model of Justice	p. 65
Political Philosophies of the Common Good 66 The Polity Model	p. 74
An Illegitimate Orde r: Eugenics	p. 80
Political Forms of Worth	p. 83
The Inspired Polity	p. 83
The Domestic Polity	p. 90
The Polity of Fame	p. 98
The Civic Polity	p. 107
The Industrial Polity	p. 118
The Common Worlds	p. 125
Judgment Put to the Test	p. 127
Situated Judgment	p. 127
The Polity Extended to a Common World	p. 130
Tests	p. 133
Reporting on Situations	p. 138
A Framework for Analyzing the Common Worlds	p. 140
The Sense of the Commo n: The Moral Sense and the Sense of What Is Natural	p. 144
The Arts of Living in Different Worlds	p. 148
The Six Worlds	p. 159
The Inspired World	p. 159
The Domestic World	p. 164
The World of Fame	p. 178
The Civic World	p. 185
The Market World	p. 193
The Industrial World	p. 203
Critiques	p. 213
Worlds in Confiict, Judgments in Question	p. 215
Unveiling	p. 215
Causes of Discord and the Transport of Worths	p. 219
Clashes and Denunciations	p. 223
The Monstrosity of Composite Setups	p. 225
Setting Up Situations that Hold Together	p. 228
The Humanity of an Equitable Judgment	p. 231
Free Wil l: Knowing How to Close and Open One's Eyes	p. 232
EIGHT The Critical Matrix	p. 237
Critiques from the Inspired World	p. 237
Critiques from the Domestic World	p. 241
Critiques from the World of Fame	p. 247
Critiques from the Civic World	p. 251
Critiques from the Market World	p. 261
Critiques from the Industrial World	p. 269
Assuaging Critical Tensions	p. 275
Compromising for the Common Good	p. 277
Beyond Testing to Compromising	p. 277
The Fragility of Compromises	p. 278
An Example of a Complex Figur e: Denunciation Supported by Compromise	p. 282
Composing Compromises and Forming Polities	p. 283
Developing a State Compromis e: Toward a Civic-Industrial Polity	p. 285
Figures of Compromise	p. 293
Compromises Involving the Inspired World	p. 293
Compromises Involving the Domestic World	p. 304
Compromises Involving the World of Fame	p. 317
Compromises Involving the Civic World	p. 325
Compromises Involving the Market World	p. 332
Relativization	p. 336
Private Arrangements	p. 336
Insinuation	p. 338
Flight from Justification	p. 339
Relativism	p. 340
Violence and Justification	p. 343
Afterwor d: Toward a Pragmatics of Reflection	p. 347
The Place of Justifications in the
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On Justification

Economies of Worth

At a Glance

Paperback

Industry Reviews

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