Nitrogen Fixation

Origins, Applications, and Research Progr

By: Dietrich Werner (Editor), William E. Newton (Editor)

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Hardcover | 24 October 2005

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372 Pages

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23.2 x 15.6 x 1.91

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Sustainability has a major part to play in the global challenge of continued development of regions, countries, and continents all around the World and biological nitrogen fixation has a key role in this process. This volume begins with chapters specifically addressing crops of major global importance, such as soybeans, rice, and sugar cane. It continues with a second important focus, agroforestry, and describes the use and promise of both legume trees with their rhizobial symbionts and other nitrogen-fixing trees with their actinorhizal colonization. An over-arching theme of all chapters is the interaction of the plants and trees with microbes and this theme allows other aspects of soil microbiology, such as interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the impact of soil-stress factors on biological nitrogen fixation, to be addressed. Furthermore, a link to basic science occurs through the inclusion of chapters describing the biogeochemically important nitrogen cycle and its key relationships among nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification. The volume then provides an up-to-date view of the production of microbial inocula, especially those for legume crops.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Industrial Chemistry & Manufacturing Technologies Industrial Chemistry Chemical Engineering Science Biology, Life Sciences Botany & Plant Sciences Agriculture & Farming Forestry & Silviculture Practice & Techniques Agronomy & Crop Production Fertilisers & Manures

Agricultural Science Biochemistry Nature & The Natural World Trees, Mushrooms, Wildflowers & Plants The Earth & Natural History in General

Preface to the Series
Preface
List of Contributors
Production and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Tropical Legumes
Introduction
Phaseolus sp. and Vigna sp. (Beans)
Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut, Peanut)
Cicer arietinum (Chickpea)
Cajanus cajan (Pigeon pea)
Mucuna pruriens (Velvet bean) and Other Legumes
Acknowledgements
References
Nitrogen Fixation by Soybean in North America
Soybean: Pathways to North America and Establishment as a Crop
Soybean Production in North America
Major Soybean Cropping Systems
Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Soybean in North America
Perspectives
Acknowledgements
References
The Importance of Nitrogen Fixation to Soybean Cropping in South America
Introduction
Taxonomy, Origins, and Importance of Soybean
Biological Nitrogen Fixation
Economic Importance of Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in South America
Crop Management in South America
Final Considerations Acknowledgement References4: Production, Regional Distribution of Cultivars, and Agricultural Aspects of Soybean in India
Introduction and Historical Background
All-India Area Coverage, Productivity, and Production of Soybean between 1970-2003
All-India State-wise Area Coverage, Productivity, and Production of Soybean
Regional Distribution of Soybean Cultivars
Regional Agricultural Aspects of Soybean Cultivation Acknowledgements References5: Soybean Cultivation and BNF in China
Summary
Soybean Cultivation in China: Historical Aspects and Current Situation
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria that Nodulate Soybean
The Soybean Germplasm Collection in China
Soybean in Crop Rotation and in Continuous Culture
Conclusions Acknowledgement References6: Soil Stress Factors Influencing Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation
Introduction
Importance of Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation
Symbiotic Interaction of Legumes with Rhizobia
Nodulation and Nitrogen-Fixation Genetics in the Rhizobia and Bradyrhizobia
Rhizobia in the Soil Environment
Stress Factors in the Soil Environment that Influence N2 Fixation
Concluding Remarks References7: Nodulated Legume Trees
Introduction
Leguminosae
Rhizobia that Nodulate Legume Trees
Types of Nodules formed on Trees
Mycorrhizas and Other Nutrient-Acquisition Systems
Measurement of Nitrogen Fixation by Trees
Role of Legume Trees in Natural and Managed Systems References
Nitrogen Fixing Trees with Actinorhiza in Forestry and Agroforestry
Introduction
General Characteristics of the Actinorhizal Symbiosis
Host Botanical Families
Nitrogen Fixation in Actinorhizal Trees
Mycorrhizal Associations with Actinorhizal Trees
Actinorhizal Trees in Agroforestry
The Genus Casaurina
The Experience of the Central America Fuelwood Project
The Case of Alnus acuminata in Tropical Highlands
Other Uses of Actinorhizal Trees
Concluding Considerations References
Molecular Ecology of N2-fixing Microbes Associated with Gramineous Plants: Hidden Activities of Unknown Bacteria
Introduction
The Problem of Identifying Key Diazotrophic Bacteria in Gramineous Plants: The Classical Approach
The Significance of Diazotrophic Grass Endophytes
The Significance of Culture-Independent Methods
The Significance of nifH-Targeted Methods
Limitations of nifH-Targeted Methods
Many Diazotrophs Defy Cultivation
Diazotrophic Grass Endophytes as Key Organisms for BNF in Gramineous Plants
Summary and Outlook References10: Interactions of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis in Sustainable Agriculture
Introduction
Purpose of Review
Nitrogen-Fixing Symbioses
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza
Interactions between AM Fungi and Rhizobia to Improv
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Nitrogen Fixation

Origins, Applications, and Research Progr

At a Glance

Hardcover

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How to return your order

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