Contents
Abbreviations
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Ischemia
1.1. Ischemic Stroke
1.2. Brainstem Stroke Syndromes
1.3. Cerebellar Strokes
1.4. Lacunar Strokes
1.5. Watershed Strokes
1.6. Hypoxic/Ischemic Injury
1.7. Sinus Venous Thrombosis
1.8. Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy
1.9. Sickle Cell Disease
1.10. Spinal Cord Stroke
1.11. Microvascular Disease
2. Hemorrhage
2.1. Hypertensive Hemorrhage
2.2. Lobar Hemorrhages
2.3. Amyloid Beta Related Angiitis
2.4. Hemorrhagic Conversion of Ischemic Stroke
2.5. Hemorrhagic Tumor
2.6. Spinal Epidural Hematoma
3. Vascular Malformations/Diseases of Blood Vessels
3.1. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
3.2. Aneurysms
3.3. Dissections
3.4. Central Nervous System Vasculitis
3.5. Moyamoya Disease
3.6. Arteriovenous Malformations
3.7. Capillary Telangiectasia
3.8. Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
3.9. Developmental Venous Anomalies
3.10. Dolichoectasia of Vertebrobasilar Artery
3.11. Fenestration of the Basilar Artery
3.12. Persistent Trigeminal Artery
3.13. Kissing Carotids
3.14. Absence of the Internal Carotid Arteries
3.15. Carotid Paragangliomas
3.16. Nonaneurysmal Perimesencephalic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
3.17. Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
4. Neoplastic Diseases
4.1. Glioblastoma
4.2. Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma
4.3. Oligodendroglioma
4.4. Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma
4.5. Dysembryoplastic Neuroepithelial Tumor
4.6. Ependymoma
4.7. Subependymoma
4.8. Medulloblastoma
4.9. Ganglioglioma
4.10. Hemangiopericytoma
4.11. Pineoblastoma
4.12. Germinoma of Pineal Gland
4.13. Central Neurocytoma
4.14. Hypothalamic Hamartoma
4.15. Clivus Chordoma
4.16. Corpus Callosum Lipoma
4.17. Meningioma
4.18. Vestibular Schwannoma
4.19. Glomus Jugulare
4.20. Esthesioneuroblastoma
4.21. Spinal Epidural Metastases
4.22. Cerebral Metastases
5. Pituitary Disorders
5.1. Pituitary Adenoma
5.2. Craniopharyngioma
5.3. Rathke’s Cleft Cyst
5.4. Lymphocytic Hypophysitis
5.5. Pituitary Apoplexy
6. Cystic Lesions
6.1. Arachnoid Cyst
6.2. Colloid Cyst of Third Ventricle
6.3. Epidermoid Cyst
6.4. Ruptured Dermoid Cyst
7. Demyelinating Diseases
7.1. Multiple Sclerosis
7.2. Optic Neuritis
7.3. Neuromyelitis Optica
7.4. Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis
7.5. Susac’s Syndrome
7.6. Adrenoleukodystrophy
7.7. Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease
7.8. Krabbe’s Disease
7.9. Metachromatic Leukodystrophy
8. Epilepsy
8.1. Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
8.2. Frontal Lobe Epilepsy
8.3. Limbic Encephalitis
8.4. Status Epilepticus
8.5. Infantile Spasms
8.6. Lennox–Gastaut Syndrome
8.7. Childhood Absence Epilepsy
8.8. Rasmussen’s Encephalitis
9. Infectious Diseases
9.1. HIV Dementia Complex
9.2. HIV-Associated Vacuolar Myelopathy
9.3. Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
9.4. Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
9.5. Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy
9.6. Tuberculous Meningitis
9.7. Bacterial Meningitis
9.8. Intracerebral Abscess
9.9. Spinal Epidural Abscess
9.10. Neurocysticercosis
9.11. Toxoplasmosis
9.12. Aspergillosis
9.13. Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
10. Neurodegenerative Diseases
10.1. Alzheimer’s Disease
10.2. Frontotemporal Dementia
10.3. Huntington’s Disease
10.4. Parkinson’s Disease
10.5. Multiple System Atrophy
10.6. Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
10.7. Corticobasal Degeneration
10.8. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
10.9. Wilson’s Disease
10.10. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
11. Toxic/Metabolic Disorders
11.1. Central Pontine Myelinolysis
11.2. Familial Cerebrovascular Ferrocalcinosis
11.3. Hepatic Encephalopathy
11.4. Cerebellar Atrophy
11.5. Cyclosporin Toxicity
11.6. Heroin Leukoencephalopathy
11.7. Marchiafava–Bignami Disease
11.8. B12 Deficiency
11.9. Copper Deficiency Myelopathy
11.10. Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
11.11. Radiation Necrosis
11.12. Carbon Monoxide
11.13. Transient Signal Alterations in Splenium of Corpus Callosum
12. Pediatrics
12.1. Acute Cerebellar Ataxia
12.2. Germinal Matrix Hemorrhage
12.3. Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy
12.4. Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-Like Episodes (MELAS)
12.5. Septo-Optic Dysplasia
12.6. Aicardi Syndrome
12.7. Joubert’s Syndrome
12.8. Fabry’s Disease
12.9. Pantothenate Kinase-Associated Neurodegeneration
12.10. Polymicrogyria
12.11. Rhombencephalosynapsis
12.12. Schizencephaly
12.13. Porencephaly
12.14. Colpocephaly
12.15. Holoprosencephaly
12.16. Lissencephaly
12.17. Hydranencephaly
12.18. Aqueductal Stenosis
12.19. Neurenteric Cyst
12.20. Diastematomyelia
12.21. Chiari I Malformation
12.22. Chiari II Malformation
12.23. Dandy–Walker Syndrome
12.24. Tethered Cord Syndrome
12.25. Vein of Galen Malformation
13. Neurocutaneous Syndromes
13.1. Neurofibromatosis Type 1
13.2. Neurofibromatosis Type 2
13.3. Sturge–Weber Syndrome
13.4. von Hippel–Lindau Syndrome
13.5. Tuberous Sclerosis
14. Trauma
14.1. Epidural Hematoma
14.2. Subdural Hematoma
14.3. Hemorrhagic Contusions
14.4. Diffuse Axonal Injury
14.5. Gunshot Wound
15. Miscellaneous
15.1. Behcet’s Disease
15.2. Neurosarcoidosis
15.3. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
15.4. Tolosa–Hunt Syndrome
15.5. Orbital Pseudotumor
15.6. Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformation
15.7. Dilated Perivascular Spaces
15.8. Fibrous Dysplasia of the Skull
15.9. Hyperostosis Frontalis
15.10. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension
15.11. Intracranial Hypotension
15.12. Copper-Beaten Skull
15.13. Tension Pneumocephalus
15.14. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
15.15. Spinal Disc Herniation
15.16. Ankylosing Spondylitis
15.17. Brain Herniation Syndromes
15.18. Brain Death
Index
