Machine Ethics and Robot Ethics

Acknowledgments -- Series Preface -- Introduction -- Appendix 1: The Future of Life Institute: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence: An Open Letter -- Appendix 2: Research Priorities for Robust and Beneficial Artificial Intelligence -- Part I: Laying foundations -- 1 Clarke, Roger. (1993). âAsimovâs laws of robotics: Implications for information technology (1).â IEEE Computer, 26(12), 53-61 -- 2 Clarke, Roger. (1994). âAsimovâs laws of robotics: Implications for information technology (2).â IEEE Computer, 227(1), 57-66 -- 3 Allen, Colin, Gary Varner, & Jason Zinser. (2000). âProlegomena to any future artificial moral agent.â Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 12, 251-261 -- 4 Nissenbaum, Helen. (2001). âHow computer systems embody values.â Computer, 34(3), 118-119 -- 5 Bostrom, Nick. (2003). âThe ethical issues of advanced artificial intelligence.â Paper presented at the IIAS 2003, Baden Baden, GE. In Smit, S., Wallach, W., and Lasker, L. (eds.) Cognitive, Emotive and Ethical Aspects of Decision Making in Humans and in Artificial Intelligence, Vol 11, IIAS, pp. 12-17 -- Part II: Robot ethics -- 6 Veruggio, Gianmarco, & Fiorella Operto. (2006). âRoboethics: A bottom-up interdisciplinary discourse in the field of applied ethics in robotics.â International Review of Information Ethics, 6, 2-8 -- 7 Asaro, Peter. (2006). âWhat should we want from a robot ethic?â International Review of Information Ethics, 6, 10-16 -- 8 Sparrow, Robert. (2004). âThe Turing triage test.â Ethics and Information Technology, 6.4, 203-213 -- 9 Turkle, Sherry. (2006). âA nascent robotics culture: New complicities for companionship.â American Association for Artificial Intelligence AAAI -- 10 Coeckelbergh, Mark. (2010). âMoral appearances: Emotions, robots, and human morality.â Ethics and Information Technology, 12.3, 235-241 -- 11 Borenstein, Jason, & Yvette Pearson. (2010). âRobot caregivers: Harbingers of expanded freedom for all?â Ethics and Information Technology, 12.3, 277-288 -- 12 Vallor, Shannon. (2011). âCarebots and caregivers: Sustaining the ethical ideal of care in the twenty-first century.â Philosophy & Technology, 24.3, 251-268 -- 13 Sharkey, Noel, & Amanda Sharkey. (2010). âThe crying shame of robot nannies: an ethical appraisal.â Interaction Studies, 11.2, 161-190 -- 14 van Wynsberghe, Aimee. (2013). âDesigning robots for care: Care centered value-sensitive design.â Science and Engineering Ethics, 19.2, 407-433 -- 15 Sullins, John P. (2012). âRobots, love, and sex: The ethics of building a love machine.â Affective Computing, IEEE Transactions, 3.4, 398-409 -- 16 Malle, Bertram, & Matthias Scheutz. (2014). âMoral competence in social robots.â IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Engineering, Science, and Technology, Chicago -- Part III: Machine ethics -- 17 Moor, James H. (2006). âThe nature, importance, and difficulty of machine ethics.â Intelligent Systems, IEEE, 21.4, 18-21 -- 18 Anderson, Michael, & Susan Leigh Anderson. (2007). âMachine ethics: Creating an ethical intelligent agent.â AI Magazine, 28.4, 15-26 -- 19 Wallach, Wendell, Colin Allen, & Iva Smit. (2008). âMachine morality: Bottom-up and top-down approaches for modelling human moral faculties.â AI & Society, 22.4, 565-582 -- 20 McDermott, Drew. (2008). âWhy ethics is a high hurdle for AI.â North American Conference on Computing and Philosophy. Bloomington, Indiana -- 21 Powers, Thomas M. (2006). âProspects for a Kantian machine.â Intelligent Systems, IEEE, 21.4, 46-51 -- 22 Guarini, Marcello. (2005). âParticularism and generalism: How AI can help us to better understand moral cognition.â Machine Ethics: Papers from the 2005 AAAI Fall Symposium -- 23 Bringsjord, Selmer, Konstantine Arkoudas, & Paul Bello. (2006). âToward a general logicist methodology for engineering ethically correct robots.â IEEE Intelligent Systems, 21(4), 38-44 -- 24 Wallach, Wendell, Colin Allen, & Stan Franklin. (2011). âConsciousness and ethics: Artificially conscious moral agents.â International Journal of Machine Consciousness, 3.01, 177-192 -- Part IV: Moral agents and agency -- 25 Floridi, Luciano, & Jeff W. Sanders. (2004). âOn the morality of artificial agents.â Minds and Machines, 14.3, 349-379 -- 26 Johnson, Deborah G., & Keith W. Miller. (2008). âUn-making artificial moral agents.â Ethics and Information Technology, 10.2-3, 123-133 -- 27 Suchman, Lucy. (2007). âAgencies in technology design: Feminist reconfigurations.â In Hackett, Edward J., Olga Amsterdamska, Michael E. Lynch, & Judy Wajcman (eds.) The Handbook of Science and Technology Studies, third edition, excerpt from pp. 139-163 -- 28 Marino, Dante, & Guglielmo Tamburrini. (2006). âLearning robots and human responsibility.â International Review of Information Ethics, 6, 46-51 -- 29 Torrance, Steve. (2014). âArtificial consciousness and artificial ethics: Between realism and social relationism.â Philosophy & Technology, 27.1, 9-29 -- 30 Murphy, Robin R., & David D. Woods. (2009). âBeyond Asimov: The three laws of responsible robotics.â Intelligent Systems, IEEE, 24.4, 14-20 -- Part V: Law and policy -- 31 Solum, Lawrence. (1992). âLegal personhood for artificial intelligences.â North Carolina Law Review, 70, 1231-1287 -- 32 Nagenborg, Michael, et al. (2008). âEthical regulations on robotics in Europe.â Ai & Society, 22.3, 349-366 -- 33 Calo, M. Ryan. (2010). âRobots and privacy.â Robot Ethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Robotics, 187-204 -- 34 Lin, Patrick. âThe robot car of tomorrow may just be programmed to hit you.â Wired Magazine, May 6, 2014 -- 35 Gunkel, David J. (2014). âA vindication of the rights of machines.â Philosophy & Technology, 27, 113-132 -- Index.