Linear Collider Physics In The New Millennium

By: Amarjit Soni, Keisuke , Japan) Fujii, David J Miller

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Hardcover | 22 November 2005

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The high energy electron-positron linear collider is expected to provide crucial clues to many of the fundamental questions of our time: What is the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking? Does a Standard Model Higgs boson exist, or does nature take the route of supersymmetry, technicolor or extra dimensions, or none of the foregoing? This invaluable book is a collection of articles written by experts on many of the most important topics which the linear collider will focus on. It is aimed primarily at graduate students but will undoubtedly be useful also to any active researcher on the physics of the next generation linear collider.

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Non-Fiction Science Physics Atomic & Molecular Physics Applied Physics Astrophysics Nuclear Physics Particle & High-Energy Physics Booktopia Publisher Services World Scientific Publishing

Preface	p. v
List of Contributors	p. xvii
The Machine and Detector	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
The Machine	p. 1
Required Energy and Luminosity	p. 1
Why a Linear Collider?	p. 3
The Proposed Machines	p. 7
X-ray Free Electron Laser	p. 11
Electron and Positron Sources	p. 13
Damping Rings	p. 13
Final Focus	p. 14
Crossing Angle and Number of Collision Points	p. 15
Measuring Beam Energy and Luminosity Spectrum	p. 16
The [gamma gamma], [gamma]e and e[superscript -]e[superscript -] Options	p. 18
The GigaZ Option	p. 19
Machine Detector Interface	p. 20
Backgrounds	p. 20
Mask Region	p. 23
Requirements for the Detectors	p. 24
Energy Flow	p. 26
Tracking	p. 27
Momentum Vector Measurement	p. 27
Vertexing Systems	p. 31
Calorimetry	p. 33
Electromagnetic Calorimeter	p. 34
Hadronic Calorimeter	p. 35
References	p. 36
Higgs Physics at the Linear Collider	p. 41
Introduction	p. 41
Expectations for Electroweak Symmetry Breaking	p. 44
The Standard Model Higgs Boson-Theory	p. 50
Standard Model Higgs Boson Decay Modes	p. 50
Standard Model Higgs Boson Production at the LC	p. 52
SM Higgs Searches before the Linear Collider	p. 54
Direct Search Limits from LEP	p. 54
Implications of Precision Electroweak Measurements	p. 54
Expectations for Tevatron Searches	p. 56
Expectations for LHC Searches	p. 58
Higgs Bosons in Low-energy Supersymmetry	p. 60
MSSM Higgs Sector at Tree Level	p. 63
The Radiatively Corrected MSSM Higgs Sector	p. 65
MSSM Higgs Boson Decay Modes	p. 72
MSSM Higgs Boson Production at the LC	p. 73
MSSM Higgs Boson Searches before the LC	p. 75
Direct Search Limits from LEP	p. 75
MSSM Higgs Searches at the Tevatron	p. 76
MSSM Higgs Searches at the LHC	p. 77
Non-exotic Extended Higgs Sectors	p. 80
The Decoupling Limit	p. 81
Constraints from Precision Electroweak Data and LC Implications	p. 82
Constraints on Higgs Bosons with VV Coupling	p. 84
Detection of Non-exotic Extended Higgs Sector Scalars at the Tevatron and LHC	p. 85
LC Production Mechanisms for Non-exotic Extended Higgs Sector Scalars	p. 86
Exotic Higgs Sectors and Other Possibilities	p. 89
A Triplet Higgs Sector	p. 90
Pseudo Nambu Goldstone Bosons	p. 91
LC Measurements of Higgs Boson Properties	p. 91
Mass	p. 92
Coupling Determinations - Light Higgs Boson	p. 95
Cross Sections	p. 95
Branching Ratios	p. 96
Radiative Production, tth	p. 98
Self-Coupling	p. 99
Implications for the MSSM Higgs Sector	p. 101
Coupling Determinations - Intermediate Mass Higgs Boson	p. 103
Cross Sections	p. 103
Branching Ratios	p. 104
Coupling Determinations - Heavy Higgs Boson	p. 105
Cross Sections	p. 105
Branching Ratios	p. 105
Summary of Couplings	p. 106
Total Width	p. 107
Quantum Numbers	p. 108
Precision Studies of Non-SM-like Higgs Bosons	p. 111
The Giga-Z Option - Implications for Higgs Physics	p. 113
Giga-Z and the MSSM	p. 113
Giga-Z and Non-exotic Extended Higgs Sectors	p. 115
The [gamma gamma] Collider Option	p. 115
Concluding Remarks	p. 121
Acknowledgments	p. 121
References	p. 122
Top Quark Physics	p. 135
Introduction	p. 135
Top Quark Threshold Region	p. 136
Physics Motivations and Goals	p. 137
Top Mass Determination	p. 137
Testing Dynamics of tt Resonances	p. 137
Examinations of Various Top Quark Interactions	p. 138
Top Quark Mass	p. 138
How to Determine the Mass	p. 138
Simulation Studies on Expected Precision	p. 139
Renormalon Problem and Renormalon Cancellation	p. 140
Theoretical Prediction for the 1S Energy Level	p. 142
Physical Implications	p. 143
Remaining Theoretical Uncertainties	p. 145
Dynamics and Observables	p. 145
Time Evolution	p. 145
Production Process of Top Quarks	p. 148
Decay of Top Quarks and Final-State Interactions	p. 155
Measurements of Top Quark Couplings	p. 162
Measurements of [delta subscript t], gtH, [alpha subscript s]	p. 163
CP Violating Couplings	p. 170
Production and Decay Vertices	p. 174
Open Top Region	p. 175
Short Review	p. 175
Yukawa Coupling	p. 175
Form Factors	p. 176
Top Mass Reconstruction	p. 177
Use of Inclusive Observables in Studying Form Factors	p. 178
Conclusions	p. 182
References	p. 183
Supersymmetry and the Linear Collider	p. 187
Introduction	p. 187
The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model	p. 189
Particle Content	p. 189
Supersymmetric Matter Interactions	p. 191
Supersymmetric Gauge Interactions	p. 194
Supersymmetry-breaking Terms	p. 194
Sleptons	p. 196
Charginos and Neutralinos	p. 198
Successes and Puzzles	p. 199
Unification	p. 200
Dark Matter	p. 201
Flavor Violation	p. 202
CP Violation	p. 204
Proton Decay	p. 204
Models	p. 205
Minimal Supergravity	p. 207
Focus Point Supersymmetry	p. 210
Superheavy Supersymmetry	p. 212
Gauge Mediation	p. 213
Anomaly Mediation	p. 215
GUT and Planck Scale Frameworks	p. 217
Slepton Studies	p. 218
Signal and Background	p. 218
Slepton Masses	p. 220
Polarized Cross Sections	p. 225
Lepton Flavor Violation	p. 229
Tau Polarization from Stau Decay	p. 232
Chargino and Neutralino Studies	p. 234
Signal and Background	p. 234
Masses and Polarized Cross Sections	p. 235
CP Violation	p. 238
Testing Supersymmetry	p. 241
Verifying Supersymmetry	p. 241
Super-oblique Parameters	p. 243
Determining the Scale of Supersymmetry Breaking	p. 246
Extrapolation to the Planck Scale	p. 247
Connections to Cosmology	p. 248
Conclusions	p. 252
Acknowledgements	p. 253
References	p. 253
Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking	p. 259
Introduction	p. 259
Particle Masses	p. 259
Exponentials	p. 261
Higgs or No Higgs?	p. 262
Models of Dynamical Symmetry Breaking	p. 263
Effective Theories of Electroweak Interactions	p. 264
The Bottom-up Approach	p. 264
Anomalous Couplings	p. 269
Custodial Symmetry	p. 270
Goldstone Boson Scattering	p. 271
Quasielastic Scattering at Leading Order	p. 272
Custodial Symmetry Relations	p. 272
Next-to-leading Order Contributions	p. 273
Unitarity Constraints	p. 274
Resonances and New Particles	p. 276
Measuring Higgs Sector Parameters at a Linear Collider	p. 279
Precision Observables	p. 279
Triple Gauge Couplings	p. 282
W and Z Scattering Amplitudes	p. 284
Conclusions	p. 287
References	p. 288
Physics of Electroweak Gauge Bosons	p. 291
Introduction	p. 291
Production of Gauge Bosons	p. 294
Properties of Gauge Bosons	p. 296
Standard Model Predictions	p. 296
Status at Present Colliders	p. 299
Prospects for the Linear Collider	p. 301
Interpretation of the Precision Measurements	p. 306
Measurements of the CKM Matrix	p. 308
Interactions amongst Gauge Bosons	p. 312
Experimental Procedures	p. 314
Results at LEP and the Tevatron	p. 318
Expectation from the Linear Collider	p. 319
Strong Electroweak Symmetry Breaking	p. 321
Conclusions	p. 327
References	p. 328
New Physics at the TeV Scale and Beyond	p. 331
Introduction	p. 331
Contact Interactions and Compositeness	p. 334
Extended Gauge Sectors	p. 338
Z' Discovery Limits and Identification	p. 340
W' Discovery Limits and Identification	p. 344
Extra Spatial Dimensions	p. 347
Large Extra Dimensions	p. 348
TeV-scale Extra Dimensions	p. 356
Warped Extra Dimensions with Localized Gravity	p. 363
Direct Production of New Particles	p. 368
New Leptons	p. 369
Leptoquarks	p. 370
Unconventional Theories and Possible Surprises	p. 372
String Resonances	p. 373
Non-Commutative Field Theories	p. 374
Conclusions	p. 376
References	p. 377
QCD	p. 383
Introduction	p. 383
Hadronic Final States	p. 383
Quantum Chromodynamics	p. 385
QCD and the Linear Collider	p. 386
Event Selection	p. 386
The Problem	p. 386
Initial State Radiation and Beamstrahlung	p. 387
Selection Cuts	p. 387
Precise Measurement of [alpha subscript s]	p. 388
Introduction	p. 388
Current Status	p. 389
Measurement of [alpha subscript s] at the Linear Collider	p. 389
Event Shape Observables	p. 390
The tt System	p. 394
A High-luminosity Run at the Z[superscript 0] Resonance	p. 396
Q[superscript 2] Evolution of [alpha subscript s]	p. 396
QCD Studies of ttg Events	p. 398
Soft Gluon Radiation in ttg Events	p. 398
Anomalous Chromomagnetic Top Quark Couplings	p. 398
Symmetry Tests Using Beam Polarisation	p. 400
Further Important Topics	p. 402
Casimir Factor Analysis	p. 402
Charged Particle Multiplicity	p. 403
Colour Reconnection Effects	p. 404
Hadronisation Studies and Renormalon Physics	p. 404
Jet Properties and Detector Design	p. 405
Summary and Conclusions	p. 406
Acknowledgements	p. 406
References	p. 406
Gamma-Gamma and Other Options	p. 409
Introduction	p. 409
Luminosity	p. 410
[gamma gamma] Collider	p. 410
e[gamma] Collider	p. 414
e[superscript -]e[superscript -] Collider	p. 416
Summary of the Luminosities	p. 417
Higgs Boson in [gamma gamma] Interaction	p. 417
Two Photon Decay Width of the Light Higgs Bosons	p. 419
Heavy Higgs Bosons	p. 420
Measurement of CP Nature of the Higgs Boson	p. 421
Supersymmetry	p. 422
Sfermion and Chargino Production by [gamma gamma] Collisions	p. 422
Selectron in the e[gamma] Collisions	p. 423
Selectron in e[superscript -]e[superscript -] Collisions	p. 424
Precise Measurement of Standard Model Particles	p. 426
Anomalous Coupling of the W Bosons	p. 426
Top Quarks in the [gamma gamma] Interaction	p. 428
Precise Determination of Weinberg Angle by e[superscript -]e[superscript -] Interaction	p. 429
Search for the Extra-Dimensions	p. 430
Other Experimental Issues	p. 431
Hadronic Cross Section	p. 431
Luminosity Measurement	p. 432
Summary	p. 434
References	p. 435
CP Violation at the Linear Collider	p. 437
Introduction	p. 437
Single Top Polarimetry	p. 438
Top Pair Polarimetry	p. 440
Constraints on Top Dipole Moments	p. 446
Three Particle Final States	p. 447
Tree Level e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to ttH and e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to ttZ	p. 447
CP Asymmetries in e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to Zh with Subsequent Higgs Decay h to tt	p. 455
Some Other Topics, in Brief	p. 458
Threshold Studies of e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to tt	p. 458
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to ttg	p. 458
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to ttv[subscript e]v[subscript e]	p. 458
Acknowledgments	p. 459
References	p. 459
Overall Perspective	p. 463
Grand View of Particle Physics	p. 463
Highlights of the LC Physics Programs	p. 465
The Higgs Boson	p. 465
Supersymmetry	p. 467
The Top Quark and the W Boson	p. 468
Z[superscript 0]'s and Other 4-fermion Interactions	p. 469
Relation of the ILC to the LHC	p. 470
Experimentation at the ILC	p. 473
Benchmark Processes for Evaluating the ILC Detectors	p. 476
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to Zh	p. 477
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to Zhh	p. 479
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to tth	p. 479
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to tt	p. 480
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to e[superscript + subscript R]e[superscript - subscript R], [mu superscript + subscript R mu superscript - subscript R]	p. 481
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to X[superscript + subscript 1]X[superscript - subscript 1]	p. 483
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to [tau superscript + subscript 1 tau superscript + subscript 1]	p. 484
e[superscript +]e[superscript -] to X[superscript 0 subscript 1]X[superscript 0 subscript 1] (GMSB)	p. 485
Choice of the LC Energy and Luminosity	p. 486
Conclusions	p. 488
Acknowledgements	p. 489
References	p. 489
Index	p. 491
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Linear Collider Physics In The New Millennium

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Hardcover

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