Lecture Notes in Physics

Paradigms of Thermodynamics

By: Ingo MÃ¼ller, Peter Strehlow

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Paperback | 5 December 2010

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136 Pages

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Experiments with rubber balloons and rubber sheets have led to surprising observations, some of them hitherto unknown or not previously described in the literature. In balloons, these phenomena are due to the non-monotonic pressure-radius characteristic which makes balloons a subject of interest to physicists engaged in stability studies. Here is a situation in which symmetry breaking and hysteresis may be studied analytically, because the stress-stretch relations of rubber - and its non-convex free energy - can be determined explicitly from the kinetic theory of rubber and from non-linear elasticity. Since rubber elasticity and the elasticity of gases are both entropy-induced, a rubber balloon represents a compromise between the entropic tendency of a gas to expand and the entropic tendency of rubber to contract. Thus rubber and rubber balloons furnish instructive paradigms of thermodynamics. This monograph treats the subject at a level appropriate for post-graduate studies.

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'...Rubber and Rubber Balloons is an engaging supplement for courses on statistical mechanics or soft condensed matter physics. It provides a simple and familiar setting in which to explore some of the most important ideas of those subjects." (Michael Marder, PHYSICS TODAY, August 2005)

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