About this resource ix
About eBookPLUS xi
Acknowledgements xii
Unit 1 Number, Data and Graphs 1
TOPIC FUNDAMENTAL TOPIC Calculations 1
1 Calculations 1
1.1 Overview 1
1.2 Number operations 2
1.3 Estimation 7
1.4 Decimal significance 10
1.5 Calculator skills 14
1.6 Approximation 18
1.7 Review: exam practice 25
Answers 30
TOPIC 1 Number 33
2 Ratios 33
2.1 Overview 33
2.2 Introduction to ratios 34
2.3 Ratios of two quantities 40
2.4 Divide into ratios 50
2.5 Scales, diagrams and maps 59
2.6 Review: exam practice 65
Answers 70
3 Rates 72
3.1 Overview 72
3.2 Identifying rates 73
3.3 Conversion of rates 77
3.4 Comparison of rates 81
3.5 Rates and costs 84
3.6 Review: exam practice 94
Answers 98
4 Percentages 101
4.1 Overview 101
4.2 Calculate percentages 102
4.3 Express as a percentage 110
4.4 Percentage decrease and increase 114
4.5 Simple interest 121
4.6 Review: exam practice 126
Answers 130
TOPIC 2 Representing data 132
5 Data classification, presentation and interpretation 132
5.1 Overview 132
5.2 Classifying data 133
5.3 Categorical data 137
5.4 Numerical data 156
5.5 Measures of central tendency and the outlier effect 170
5.6 Comparing and interpreting data 180
5.7 Review: exam practice 188
Answers 195
Practice Assessment 1
Problem solving and modelling task 205
TOPIC 3 Graphs 209
6 Reading, interpreting and using graphs 209
6.1 Overview 209
6.2 Two-way tables 210
6.3 Line graphs, conversion graphs and step graphs 215
6.4 Column graphs and picture graphs 230
6.5 Review: exam practice 240
Answers 248
7 Drawing and using graphs 250
7.1 Overview 250
7.2 Drawing and using line graphs 251
7.3 Drawing and using column and pie graphs 261
7.4 Misleading graphs 270
7.5 Graphing with technology 276
7.6 Review: exam practice 286
Answers 295
Practice Assessment 2
Unit 1 examination 302
Unit 2 Money, Travel and Data 307
TOPIC 1 Managing money 307
8 Earning money 307
8.1 Overview 307
8.2 Wages and salaries 308
8.3 Commission, piecework and royalties 312
8.4 Taxation and deductions 316
8.5 Performing financial calculations 325
8.6 Review: exam practice 332
Answers 338
9 Budgeting 342
9.1 Overview 342
9.2 Household expenses 343
9.3 Purchasing, running and maintaining a vehicle 351
9.4 Budgeting 360
9.5 Review: exam practice 367
Answers 373
TOPIC 2 Time and motion 376
10 Time, distance and speed 376
10.1 Overview 376
10.2 Time 377
10.3 Interpret timetables 383
10.4 Time travel 392
10.5 Distance: scales and maps 397
10.6 Speed 403
10.7 Distance – time graphs 408
10.8 Calculations with motion 418
10.9 Review: exam practice 424
Answers 435
Practice Assessment 3
Problem solving and modelling task 438
TOPIC 3 Data collection 442
11 Data collection 442
11.1 Overview 442
11.2 Census and surveys 443
11.3 Simple survey procedures 452
11.4 Sources of bias 460
11.5 Review: exam practice 466
Answers 471
Practice Assessment 4
Unit 2 examination 473
Appendix Maths skills workbook 478
Key skill 1 Fractions 479
Key skill 2 Equivalent fractions 480
Key skill 3 Multiplying fractions 481
Key skill 4 Decimal numbers 483
Key skill 5 Fractions to decimals 484
Key skill 6 Percentage skills 485
Key skill 7 Percentages 486
Key skill 8 Fractions into percentages 487
Key skill 9 Ratios 488
Key skill 10 Using ratios 489
Key skill 11 Simplifying ratios 490
Project In the kitchen 491
Answers 493
Glossary 495
Index 499