Information Sampling and Adaptive Cognition

By: Klaus Fiedler (Editor), Peter Juslin (Editor)

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Hardcover | 19 December 2005

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498 Pages

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22.86 x 15.24 x 3.18

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A 'sample' is not only a concept from statistics that has penetrated common sense but also a metaphor that has inspired much research and theorizing in current psychology. The sampling approach emphasizes the selectivity and the biases that are inherent in the samples of information input with which judges and decision makers are fed. As environmental samples are rarely random, or representative of the world as a whole, decision making calls for censorship and critical evaluation of the data given. However, even the most intelligent decision makers tend to behave like 'naeive intuitive statisticians': quite sensitive to the data given but uncritical concerning the source of the data. Thus, the vicissitudes of sampling information in the environment together with the failure to monitor and control sampling effects adequately provide a key to re-interpreting findings obtained in the last two decades of research on judgment and decision making.

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You Can Find This Book In

Non-Fiction Psychology Psychological Methodology Cognition & Cognitive Psychology Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning Geography Geographical Information Systems GIS & Remote Sensing Social Psychology The Self, Ego, Identity, Personality

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Published: 5th December 2005

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List of Contributors	p. vii
Introduction
Taking the Interface between Mind and Environment Seriously	p. 3
The Psychological Law of Large Numbers
Good Sampling, Distorted Views: The Perception of Variability	p. 33
Intuitive Judgments about Sample Size	p. 53
The Role of Information Sampling in Risky Choice	p. 72
Less Is More in Covariation Detection - Or Is It?	p. 92
Biased and Unbiased Judgments from Biased Samples
Subjective Validity Judgments as an Index of Sensitivity to Sampling Bias	p. 127
An Analysis of Structural Availability Biases, and a Brief Study	p. 147
Subjective Confidence and the Sampling of Knowledge	p. 153
Contingency Learning and Biased Group Impressions	p. 183
Mental Mechanisms: Speculations on Human Causal Learning and Reasoning	p. 210
What Information Contents Are Sampled?
What's in a Sample? A Manual for Building Cognitive Theories	p. 239
Assessing Evidential Support in Uncertain Environments	p. 261
Information Sampling in Group Decision Making: Sampling Biases and Their Consequences	p. 299
Confidence in Aggregation of Opinions from Multiple Sources	p. 327
Self as Sample	p. 353
Vicissitudes of Sampling in the Researcher's Mind and Method
Which World Should Be Represented in Representative Design?	p. 381
"I'm m/n Confident That I'm Correct": Confidence in Foresight and Hindsight as a Sampling Probability	p. 409
Natural Sampling of Stimuli in (Artificial) Grammar Learning	p. 440
Is Confidence in Decisions Related to Feedback? Evidence from Random Samples of Real-World Behavior	p. 456
Index	p. 485
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

Information Sampling and Adaptive Cognition

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