
Infectious Diseases
Hardcover | 27 January 2004 | Edition Number 3
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The Third Edition of this definitive reference provides comprehensive guidelines on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of every infectious disease seen in current clinical practice. More than 300 world-class practitioners detail the full range of clinical infections, microbial agents, viruses, mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites and describe all contemporary diagnostic tests, antimicrobial therapies, and prophylactic measures. Coverage includes chapters on surgical infections written by preeminent surgeons and up-to-the-minute information on HIV infection. A comprehensive antimicrobial drugs section includes tables that provide complete, at-a-glance information on mechanisms of action, side effects, indications, and dosages.
New Third Edition chapters cover bioterrorism, hospital infections, emerging infections, Kawasaki syndrome, transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, diabetic foot ulcers, decubitus ulcers, staphylococcal and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, food safety, linezolid and quinupristin/dalfopristin, molecular diagnostics, diagnostic significance of nonspecific laboratory abnormalities, and clinical approaches to patients with recurring infections. This edition provides complete coverage of newer viruses such as human herpesvirus 6 and 8, West Nile virus, hepatitis C, D, and E, hantaviruses, caliciviruses, and astroviruses, as well as recently discovered microorganisms such as Escherichia coli 0157, Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Bartonella, and microsporidia.
| Contributing Authors | p. xv |
| Preface | p. xxix |
| General Principles of Infection | p. 1 |
| How Microorganisms Cause Disease | p. 1 |
| Molecular Epidemiology in Infectious Diseases | p. 1 |
| Host Factors | p. 8 |
| The Complement System | p. 8 |
| Phagocytes: Normal and Abnormal Neutrophil Host Defenses | p. 14 |
| Cell-Mediated Immunity | p. 40 |
| Clinical Approach to Fever | p. 54 |
| The Role and Use of Cytokines in Infectious Diseases | p. 64 |
| Epidemiology | p. 72 |
| Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Infections | p. 72 |
| Epidemiology and Prevention of Nosocomial Infections | p. 78 |
| The Pathogens of Hospital Infections | p. 90 |
| Emerging Infections | p. 107 |
| Bioterrorism | p. 116 |
| Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases | p. 126 |
| Clinical Microbiology | p. 126 |
| Immunodiagnosis | p. 145 |
| Molecular Techniques for the Detection, Identification, and Quantitation of Infectious Agents | p. 152 |
| Diagnostic Significance of Nonspecific Laboratory Abnormalities in Infectious Diseases | p. 158 |
| Skin Testing | p. 166 |
| Treatment of Infectious Diseases | p. 172 |
| Principles of Treatment | p. 172 |
| Pharmacologic Principles | p. 172 |
| Antimicrobial Drugs | p. 180 |
| Penicillins | p. 180 |
| Cephalosporins | p. 192 |
| Other [beta]-Lactam Antibiotics | p. 204 |
| Tetracyclines | p. 208 |
| Macrolides and Clindamycin | p. 213 |
| Vancomycin and Teicoplanin | p. 233 |
| Oxazolidinones, Quinupristin-Dalfopristin, and Daptomycin | p. 241 |
| Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole | p. 246 |
| Quinolones | p. 250 |
| Chloramphenicol | p. 263 |
| Metronidazole and Other Nitroimidazoles | p. 269 |
| Rifampin and Related Drugs | p. 274 |
| Miscellaneous Drugs | p. 280 |
| Mechanisms of Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs | p. 289 |
| Antiviral Therapy | p. 299 |
| Antifungal Drugs | p. 317 |
| Antimycobacterial Drugs | p. 328 |
| Antiparasitic Drugs | p. 344 |
| Immune Globulin Therapy (Passive Immunization) for Augmentation of the Host Response | p. 358 |
| Prevention of Infectious Diseases | p. 371 |
| Immunization of Children and Adults | p. 371 |
| Management of Urinary Catheters | p. 381 |
| Prophylaxis for Surgical Infections | p. 385 |
| Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Nonsurgical Infections | p. 394 |
| Advice to Travelers | p. 401 |
| Clinical Infections | p. 412 |
| Head and Neck | p. 412 |
| Dental Infections | p. 412 |
| Infections of Head and Neck Spaces and Salivary Glands | p. 420 |
| Infections of the Sinuses and Parameningeal Structures | p. 428 |
| Ear and Mastoid Infections | p. 443 |
| Infections of the Pharynx, Larynx, Epiglottis, Trachea, and Thyroid | p. 457 |
| The Common Cold | p. 465 |
| Pleuropulmonary | p. 470 |
| Approach to the Patient with Pneumonia | p. 470 |
| Bacterial Pneumonia | p. 480 |
| Bronchitis | p. 490 |
| Viral Pneumonia | p. 495 |
| Mycoplasma Pneumonia | p. 504 |
| Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia | p. 508 |
| Fungal Pneumonias | p. 512 |
| Legionnaires' Disease (Clinical) | p. 523 |
| Chlamydia Pneumonia | p. 530 |
| Aspiration Pneumonia | p. 537 |
| Lung Abscess and Necrotizing Pneumonia | p. 543 |
| Empyema | p. 547 |
| Cardiovascular System | p. 552 |
| Bloodstream Invasion | p. 552 |
| Sepsis | p. 561 |
| Infective Endocarditis | p. 569 |
| Vascular Graft Infections | p. 581 |
| Pericarditis and Myocarditis | p. 589 |
| Gastrointestinal Tract | p. 597 |
| Approach to the Patient with Diarrhea | p. 597 |
| Shigellosis | p. 603 |
| Food Safety | p. 607 |
| Salmonella Infections | p. 618 |
| Infections Due to Escherichia coli | p. 633 |
| Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Other Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli | p. 642 |
| Campylobacter Infections | p. 648 |
| Yersinia enterocolitica Infections | p. 655 |
| Cholera and Related Illnesses Caused by Vibrio, Aeromonas, and Plesiomonas Species | p. 661 |
| Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea and Colitis | p. 670 |
| Viral Gastroenteritis | p. 677 |
| Traveler's Diarrhea | p. 681 |
| Food Poisoning | p. 689 |
| Specific and Nonspecific Treatment of Diarrhea | p. 702 |
| Whipple's Disease | p. 710 |
| Approach to the Patient with Intraabdominal Infections | p. 714 |
| Peritonitis | p. 723 |
| Intraabdominal Abscesses | p. 731 |
| Appendicitis | p. 744 |
| Diverticulitis | p. 750 |
| Liver and Biliary Tract | p. 756 |
| Type A Viral Hepatitis | p. 756 |
| Hepatitis B and Hepatitis D | p. 765 |
| Hepatitis C | p. 779 |
| Hepatitis E | p. 785 |
| Pyogenic Liver Abscess | p. 787 |
| Cholecystitis and Cholangitis | p. 793 |
| Pancreas and Spleen | p. 799 |
| Infection after Acute Pancreatitis | p. 799 |
| Splenic Abscess | p. 813 |
| Other Surgical Infections | p. 817 |
| Approach to the Patient with Postoperative Fever | p. 817 |
| Surgical Site Infection | p. 823 |
| Gas Gangrene and Other Clostridial Skin and Soft Tissue Infections | p. 830 |
| Skin and Soft Tissue Infections | p. 836 |
| Infections in Trauma | p. 845 |
| Burns | p. 851 |
| Urinary Tract | p. 861 |
| Approach to the Patient with Urinary Tract Infection | p. 861 |
| Urethritis, Prostatitis, Epididymitis, and Orchitis | p. 872 |
| Renal Abscess | p. 878 |
| Sexually Transmitted Diseases | p. 882 |
| Approach to the Patient with Sexually Transmitted Disease | p. 882 |
| Gonorrhea | p. 887 |
| Chlamydial Infections of the Genital Tract | p. 894 |
| Syphilis | p. 898 |
| Genital Herpes | p. 904 |
| Chancroid, Lymphogranuloma Venereum, and Granuloma Inguinale | p. 916 |
| Human Papillomaviruses and Anogenital Disease | p. 923 |
| Gynecology and Obstetrics | p. 927 |
| Approach to the Patient with Infection of the Pelvis | p. 927 |
| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Tuboovarian Abscess | p. 931 |
| Vaginitis, Cervicitis, and Endometritis | p. 944 |
| Bacterial Infections Associated with Pregnancy, Delivery, and Abortion | p. 951 |
| Aids and Related Infections | p. 958 |
| Approach to the Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Clinical Features | p. 958 |
| International Epidemiology of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus | p. 970 |
| Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection | p. 987 |
| Gastrointestinal and Nutritional Complications of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection | p. 996 |
| Cutaneous Infections in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease | p. 1008 |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus Serology and Viral Burden | p. 1025 |
| Antiretroviral Treatment | p. 1028 |
| Prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission | p. 1038 |
| Pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection | p. 1056 |
| Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type I and Neurologic Diseases | p. 1088 |
| Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Women | p. 1090 |
| Immunocompromised Hosts | p. 1099 |
| Approach to the Immunocompromised Patient | p. 1099 |
| Infections Associated with Malignancy | p. 1106 |
| Infections in Organ Transplant Recipients | p. 1111 |
| Infections Associated with Bone Marrow Transplantation | p. 1123 |
| Infections Associated with Corticosteroids and Immunosuppressive Therapy | p. 1129 |
| Treatment and Prevention of Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts | p. 1141 |
| Skin and Soft Tissue | p. 1150 |
| Approach to the Patient with Skin or Soft Tissue Infection | p. 1150 |
| Normal Cutaneous Flora and Infections They Cause | p. 1152 |
| Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Skin or Soft Tissue Infections | p. 1155 |
| Gram-Negative Bacillary Skin or Soft Tissue Infections | p. 1158 |
| Cutaneous Abscesses and Ulcers | p. 1159 |
| Foot Infections in the Diabetic Patient and Infections Associated with Pressure Sores | p. 1160 |
| Fungal Infections of the Skin | p. 1162 |
| Viral Exanthems and Localized Viral Skin Infections | p. 1180 |
| Measles | p. 1180 |
| Rubella (German Measles) | p. 1184 |
| Varicella and Herpes Zoster | p. 1195 |
| Smallpox | p. 1207 |
| Mumps | p. 1210 |
| Human Papillomaviruses and Warts | p. 1215 |
| Erythema Infectiosum, Roseola, and Enteroviral Exanthems | p. 1220 |
| Bones and Joints | p. 1225 |
| Osteomyelitis | p. 1225 |
| Infectious Arthritis | p. 1230 |
| Eye and Paranasal Sinuses | p. 1240 |
| Infections of the Eye | p. 1240 |
| Nervous System | p. 1259 |
| Approach to the Patient with Infection of the Central Nervous System | p. 1259 |
| Acute Bacterial Meningitis | p. 1264 |
| Acute Viral Meningitis and Encephalitis | p. 1286 |
| Chronic Meningitis | p. 1293 |
| Central Nervous System Shunt Infections | p. 1303 |
| Brain Abscess | p. 1308 |
| Slow Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System | p. 1320 |
| Infectious Diseases of the Spinal Cord and Peripheral Nervous System | p. 1332 |
| Reye's Syndrome | p. 1374 |
| Tuberculosis and Leprosy | p. 1379 |
| Tuberculosis | p. 1379 |
| Environmental Mycobacterial Infections | p. 1389 |
| Leprosy | p. 1410 |
| Zoonoses | p. 1423 |
| Approach to the Patient with Zoonotic Infection | p. 1423 |
| Rabies | p. 1428 |
| Bites | p. 1440 |
| Tularemia | p. 1446 |
| Plague | p. 1452 |
| Anthrax | p. 1459 |
| Glanders | p. 1463 |
| Leptospirosis | p. 1464 |
| Relapsing Fever | p. 1470 |
| Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever | p. 1473 |
| The Human Ehrlichioses and Related Infections, Q Fever, Epidemic Typhus, Murine Typhus, Rickettsialpox, Scrub Typhus, and Other Rickettsioses | p. 1481 |
| Agents of Human Ehrlichiosis | p. 1492 |
| Cat-Scratch Disease | p. 1499 |
| Trichinellosis | p. 1504 |
| Toxoplasmosis | p. 1508 |
| Larva Migrans Syndromes Caused by Toxocara Species and Other Helminths | p. 1529 |
| Lymph Node Syndromes | p. 1535 |
| Epstein-Barr Virus Infection and Infectious Mononucleosis | p. 1535 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | p. 1540 |
| Cytomegalovirus Infections | p. 1543 |
| Kawasaki Syndrome | p. 1551 |
| Other Infections | p. 1557 |
| Infections in a Prosthetic Device | p. 1557 |
| Fever of Unknown Origin | p. 1568 |
| Toxic Shock Syndrome | p. 1578 |
| Microbial Agents | p. 1585 |
| Gram-Positive Cocci | p. 1585 |
| Staphylococci | p. 1585 |
| Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococci) | p. 1591 |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | p. 1605 |
| Enterococci | p. 1610 |
| Group B Streptococcus | p. 1616 |
| Gram-Positive Bacilli | p. 1622 |
| Corynebacteria | p. 1622 |
| Bacillus anthracis and Other Aerobic Gram-Positive Spore Forming Bacilli | p. 1628 |
| Bacillus Species Infections | p. 1631 |
| Listeria monocytogenes | p. 1633 |
| Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | p. 1638 |
| Gram-Negative Cocci | p. 1641 |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | p. 1641 |
| Neisseria meningitidis | p. 1650 |
| Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Cocci: Other Neisseria, Moraxella, and Kingella Species | p. 1656 |
| Gram-Negative Bacilli | p. 1662 |
| Enterobacteriaceae | p. 1662 |
| Salmonella: Pathogenesis and Vaccines | p. 1673 |
| Shigella | p. 1680 |
| Campylobacters | p. 1686 |
| Vibrios | p. 1693 |
| Francisella tularensis, Pasteurella, and Yersinia pestis | p. 1697 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Related Bacteria | p. 1703 |
| Brucella | p. 1717 |
| Haemophilus | p. 1725 |
| Streptobacillus moniliformis | p. 1736 |
| Legionella | p. 1737 |
| Bordetella | p. 1744 |
| Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli: Acinetobacter, Cardiobacterium, Actinobacillus, Chromobacterium, Capnocytophaga, and Others | p. 1751 |
| Anaerobic Bacteria | p. 1768 |
| Anaerobic Bacteria | p. 1768 |
| Anaerobic Cocci | p. 1781 |
| Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods: Bacteroides, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Fusobacterium, Bilophila, Sutterella, Tannerella | p. 1784 |
| Clostridium tetani | p. 1796 |
| Clostridium botulinum | p. 1800 |
| Clostridium perfringens and Other Clostridia | p. 1805 |
| Spirochetes | p. 1814 |
| Lyme Disease | p. 1814 |
| Borrelia Species and Spirillum minus | p. 1831 |
| Leptospira | p. 1832 |
| Helicobacter | p. 1837 |
| Miscellaneous Microorganisms | p. 1843 |
| Bartonella Species | p. 1843 |
| Calymmatobacterium granulomatis | p. 1850 |
| Nocardia | p. 1852 |
| Agents of Actinomycosis | p. 1858 |
| Chlamydia | p. 1865 |
| Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasmas | p. 1874 |
| Rickettsia | p. 1878 |
| Rickettsia rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever) | p. 1878 |
| Rickettsia typhi and Rickettsia prowazekii | p. 1881 |
| Rickettsia tsutsugamushi and Rickettsia akari | p. 1884 |
| Coxiella burnetii (Q Fever) | p. 1886 |
| Viruses | p. 1891 |
| Virus Classification | p. 1891 |
| DNA Viruses | p. 1894 |
| Adenoviruses | p. 1894 |
| Herpes Simplex Viruses | p. 1905 |
| Roseoloviruses: Human Herpesviruses 6 and 7 | p. 1918 |
| Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus/Human Herpesvirus 8 | p. 1923 |
| Epstein-Barr Virus | p. 1935 |
| Varicella-Zoster Virus | p. 1947 |
| Cytomegalovirus | p. 1950 |
| Human Parvovirus | p. 1959 |
| Human Papillomaviruses | p. 1966 |
| Human Polyomavirus | p. 1971 |
| Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus | p. 1974 |
| Poxviruses | p. 1980 |
| DNA Viruses | p. 1987 |
| Influenza Viruses | p. 1987 |
| Human Parainfluenza Viruses | p. 1997 |
| Mumps Virus | p. 2016 |
| Rubeola (Measles) and Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Virus | p. 2018 |
| Hantaviruses | p. 2023 |
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus | p. 2031 |
| Coronaviruses | p. 2038 |
| Poliovirus | p. 2041 |
| Coxsackievirus, Echovirus, and Other Enteroviruses | p. 2047 |
| Rhinoviruses | p. 2052 |
| Hepatitis A Virus | p. 2063 |
| Hepatitis C Virus | p. 2072 |
| Hepatitis E Virus | p. 2074 |
| Rotaviruses and Other Reoviridae | p. 2076 |
| Human Retroviruses | p. 2082 |
| Rubella Virus | p. 2105 |
| Yellow Fever Virus | p. 2109 |
| Dengue Viruses | p. 2113 |
| Encephalitis Viruses Belonging to the Families Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, and Bunyaviridae | p. 2119 |
| West Nile Virus | p. 2128 |
| Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses Belonging to the Families Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, and Bunyaviridae | p. 2133 |
| Rabies Virus | p. 2149 |
| Caliciviruses and Astroviruses | p. 2159 |
| Unconventional Agents Causing Slow Infections | p. 2166 |
| Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies | p. 2166 |
| Mycobacteria | p. 2184 |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Mycobacteria | p. 2184 |
| Mycobacterium leprae | p. 2192 |
| Fungi | p. 2197 |
| Candida albicans and Related Species | p. 2197 |
| Cryptococcus neoformans | p. 2206 |
| Aspergillus Species | p. 2212 |
| Histoplasma | p. 2218 |
| Coccidioides immitis | p. 2227 |
| Sporothrix schenckii | p. 2246 |
| Blastomyces and Paracoccidioides | p. 2249 |
| Blastomyces | p. 2249 |
| Paracoccidioides | p. 2253 |
| Dematiaceous Fungi | p. 2260 |
| Phycomycetes | p. 2265 |
| Miscellaneous Fungi | p. 2270 |
| Parasites | p. 2276 |
| Protozoa | p. 2276 |
| Entamoeba histolytica and Other Intestinal Amebae | p. 2276 |
| Giardia Intestinalis | p. 2281 |
| Malaria and Babesiosis | p. 2290 |
| Leishmania | p. 2308 |
| Trypanosoma | p. 2327 |
| Toxoplasma gondii | p. 2334 |
| Pneumocystis carinii | p. 2339 |
| Cryptosporidium, Isospora, Cyclospora, Microsporidia, and Dientamoeba | p. 2341 |
| Other Parasites | p. 2354 |
| Intestinal Nematodes | p. 2354 |
| Tissue Nematodes | p. 2366 |
| Schistosoma and Other Trematodes | p. 2377 |
| Cestodes (Tapeworms) | p. 2382 |
| Arthropods | p. 2400 |
| Index | p. 2415 |
| Table of Contents provided by Rittenhouse. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780781733717
ISBN-10: 0781733715
Series: Infectious Diseases
Published: 27th January 2004
Format: Hardcover
Language: English
Number of Pages: 2700
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins USA
Country of Publication: US
Edition Number: 3
Edition Type: Revised
Dimensions (cm): 27.94 x 22.23 x 7.62
Weight (kg): 4.89
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