Improving Student Information Search

* List of figures and tables * Figures* Tables* Acknowledgments* About the authors* Summary of the study*1: Overview of the study * Abstract* Introduction* Background - metacognition in information search* Need* Problem solving, literacy in research databases, and tutorial-based library instruction* Research questions*2: Information research and the search process * Abstract* Introduction* Early research* Dervin's methodology, theory, and framework* Information-seeking behavior* Information retrieval researchers* Summary of information search research*3: Research on metacognition * Abstract* Introduction* Early research* Metacognitive instruction* Summary of research on metacognition*4: Problem solving and metacognition * Abstract* Introduction* Problem solving and memory* Problem solving and metacognition* Metacognitive experiences and problem solving* Metacognitive knowledge and problem solving* Metacognition and problem solving on the web* Metacognitive training and problem solving* Idea tactics tutorial* Summary of problem solving and metacognition*5: Information problem solving and metacognitive skills * Abstract* Introduction* Evolution of information problem solving and metacognition research* Metacognition in information problem-solving research from the EU* Improving students' information problem solving* Idea tactics tutorial* Summary of information problem solving and metacognition*6: Education graduate students' information-seeking skills * Abstract* Introduction* Early research* Education graduate students' research skills in the millennium* Importance of instruction to provide "new skills, new knowledge"* Library training for education graduate students* Idea tactics tutorial* Summary of education graduate students' information behavior*7: Education students' information seeking to support problem solving * Abstract* Introduction* Education students' metacognition in information problem solving in hypermedia systems* Metacognition in group problem solving* Education students' lack of computing skills* Metacognition compensates for problem-solving deficiencies* Idea tactics tutorial* Summary of research on education students' information seeking to support problem solving*8: Metacognitive skills and online search behavior * Abstract* Introduction* Difficulties with online search* Need for skills instruction* Importance of mental models in searching information systems* Metacognitive techniques in online search* Role of metacognition* Idea tactics tutorial* Summary of research on metacognitive skills in online search behavior*9: Promoting metacognition * Abstract* Introduction* Metacognition instruction* Metacognitive scaffolds* Metacognitive scaffolds to support information problem solving* Prompts* Importance of matching prompt type to individuals' learning needs* Idea tactics tutorial* Summary of research on promoting metacognition*10: The metacognitive scaffold: the idea tactics tutorial * Abstract* Introduction* Research that informed the scaffold's creation* Bates' idea tactics* The tutorial's tactics* Database search techniques* Creating the tutorial* Pilot studies* The tutorial* Resembles an instructional agent* Summary of the idea tactics tutorial*11: Methodology: the think-aloud problem-solving activity and post-activity interview * Abstract* Introduction* Mixed methods research* Guiding theory* Think-aloud protocol* Task-based usability study* Research instrument* The participants* The activity* Follow-up interviews* Summary of the problem-solving activity and interview*12: Methodology: the data analysis * Abstract* Introduction* Concurrent triangulation design* Legitimization and validity* Reliability* Transcripts of problem-solving activity using prefigured codes* Transcripts of problem-solving activity and post-search interviews using open coding schemes* QSR NVivo* Participant searches* IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)* Summary of the data analysis*13: The indexes * Abstract* Introduction* Bates and testing the tactics* Relevance* Relevance Index* Narrowing and broadening search strategies* Number Index* Evaluation* Evaluation Index* Strategy* Strategy Index* Summary of the impact of the Indexes on participants' problem solving*14: Overall effect of tutorial on search outcomes * Abstract* Introduction* Research questions* Research question 1: What search techniques did participants demonstrate in their initial search?* Research question 2: What general attributes were common among participants in their use of the tutorial?* Research question 3: What search techniques did participants demonstrate in their final searches?* Research question 4: How did the tutorial affect the outcome of the problem-solving activity?* Search obstacles and participants' satisfaction level* Additional issues revealed in the post-search interview and during the think-aloud* Summary of the tutorial's impact on participants' problem solving*15: The tutorial and idea generation and mental pattern breaking * Abstract* Introduction* Bates' idea tactics* Idea generation and mental pattern breaking* Database search strategies* Overcoming obstacles* Tutorial enhances search outcomes* Summary of the idea tactics' role in idea generation and mental pattern breaking*16: The impact of the tutorial on participants' metacognitive behaviors in problem solving * Abstract* Introduction* Metacognitive instruction* Participants' adoption of idea tactic's metacognitive behaviors in problem solving* Participants' increased awareness of metacognitive abilities while problem solving* Education students' use of metacognitive skills* Summary of the role of the tutorial in fostering metacognitive behaviors*17: Metacognition and information literacy * Abstract* Introduction* Early support* Research on metacognition and information literacy* Information literacy metacognition instruction* Summary of information literacy and metacognition*18: Utilizing the tutorial * Abstract* Introduction* Importance of the tutorial as a reference tool* Optimizing use of the tutorial* Adapting the tutorial* Employing the tutorial in different learning environments* Tutorial improvements* Summary of utilizing the tutorial*19: Conclusion and recommendations for future studies * Abstract* Appendix A: Search ratings* Appendix B: Scatter plot diagrams and bar graphs* References* Index