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336 Pages
23.39 x 15.6 x 1.78
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Industry Reviews
Oxford University Press has done well to reissue Ignorance, Peter Unger's first book in epistemology. Unger follows the argument to great depth, wherever it may lead, and the reader who follows along will be amply rewarded, which shows how impressively fresh and relevant this work remains after all these years.--Ernest Sosa, Brown University and Rutgers University.
A powerful and profoundly original skeptical challenge. What you have to know-but if Unger is right, you don't-about ignorance. Anyone serious about epistemology should read it.--Fred Dretske, emeritus, Stanford University.
A profoundly rewarding work, this is one of the most important studies in epistemology of the last fifty years. It should be read by any serious student in that field.--John Hawthorne, Rutgers University.
Ignorance is, in my opinion, the best book in epistemology to appear in the last thirty years. It would be good for epistemology if every graduate student entering the field read and studied this classic.--Keith DeRose, Yale University.
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| A Classical Form of Sceptical Argument | p. 7 |
| Some Problems in Stating a Sceptical Thesis and some Steps towards their Resolution | p. 10 |
| An Argument Concerning the External World | p. 13 |
| The Essential Reasoning | p. 14 |
| The Assumption of Reasoning | p. 15 |
| Some Cartesian Complications | p. 17 |
| A United Statement of the Argument | p. 20 |
| How Further Complications Place Limits on this Argument | p. 21 |
| On Trying to Reverse this Argument: Exotic Cases and Feelings of Irrationality | p. 24 |
| Ordinary Cases and these same Feelings | p. 28 |
| The Explanatory Power of the Attitude of Certainty | p. 30 |
| The Retreat to Reasonable Believing: A Complex of Arguments and Problems | p. 36 |
| An Argument concerning Other Times | p. 40 |
| How much Alleged Knowledge can this Form of Argument Compellingly Exclude? | p. 44 |
| A Language with Absolute Terms | p. 47 |
| Sophisticated Worries about what Scepticism Requires | p. 50 |
| Absolute Terms and Relative Terms | p. 54 |
| On Certainty and Certain Related Things | p. 62 |
| The Doubtful Applicability of some Absolute Terms | p. 65 |
| Meaning and Use | p. 68 |
| Understanding, Learning and Paradigm Cases | p. 70 |
| How Better to Focus on Actual Meaning | p. 74 |
| A Method, a Principle, and some Auxiliary Aids to getting Proper Focus | p. 80 |
| Does Knowing Require Being Certain? | p. 83 |
| Closing our Defence and Opening a new Argument | p. 87 |
| An Argument for Universal Ignorance | p. 92 |
| A Preliminary Statement of the Argument | p. 95 |
| The First Premiss: The Idea that if one Knows it is all right for one to be Certain | p. 98 |
| The Second Premiss: The Idea that it is never all right to be Absolutely Certain | p. 103 |
| What Attitude is Involved in one's being Absolutely Certain? | p. 105 |
| The Attitude of Certainty and the Absoluteness of 'Certain' | p. 114 |
| Why is there Always Something Wrong with Having this Absolute Attitude? | p. 118 |
| Helpful Experiences for Rejecting the Attitude of Certainty | p. 123 |
| Helpful Experiences for the Hardest Cases; Other Times | p. 129 |
| Helpful Experiences for the Hardest Cases; Cartesian Propositions | p. 131 |
| An Absolutely Clear Analysis of Knowing | p. 136 |
| Some Implications of this Analysis | p. 140 |
| Taking Stock of our Scepticism | p. 147 |
| Some Wages of Ignorance | p. 152 |
| The Patterns our Language Reserves for the Central Concepts of our Thought | p. 153 |
| Constructing some simple Sentences and Talking about some Entailments | p. 154 |
| How Verbs Yield Entailments to Knowledge | p. 158 |
| How an Hypothesis may be Taken as a Governing Paradigm | p. 162 |
| Why some Entailments from Verbs are not to be Found | p. 164 |
| Sentences with Adjectives and some Hypotheses about them | p. 169 |
| Adjectives which Confirm our First Hypothesis | p. 171 |
| How some Adjectives Disconfirm this First Hypothesis | p. 176 |
| The Absence of Adjectives which Entail Falsity | p. 177 |
| Reformulating our First Hypotheses for Verbs and Adjectives | p. 180 |
| Some Wages of Ignorance; Their Scope and Substance | p. 183 |
| A Problem of what to Say and Think | p. 189 |
| From Ignorance to Irrationality | p. 197 |
| The Basis in Knowledge Argument; Being Reasonable | p. 199 |
| The First Premiss: The Step from one's Being Reasonable to one's Reason or Reasons | p. 201 |
| The Second Premiss: The Step from one's Reason or Reasons to the Propositional Specificity of these things | p. 204 |
| The Third Premiss: The Step from one's Propositionally Specific Reason or Reasons to one's Knowing | p. 206 |
| The Basis Argument again; Being Justified | p. 211 |
| Two Hypotheses about Nouns | p. 214 |
| On the Connection between Partial Scepticisms of the two Types | p. 226 |
| The Principle of the Possibility of Identifying Knowledge | p. 231 |
| A Form of Sceptical Argument Employing this Principle | p. 239 |
| Irrationality | p. 242 |
| A Second Problem of what to Say and Think | p. 246 |
| Where Ignorance Enjoins Silence | p. 250 |
| Some Feelings we have towards the Statements of Sceptics | p. 250 |
| An Hypothesis concerning Asserting and Like Acts | p. 252 |
| Support from Problem Sentences | p. 256 |
| Support from Conversational Situations | p. 260 |
| More Representational Difficulties | p. 265 |
| The Impossibility of Truth | p. 272 |
| The Whole Truth about the World | p. 273 |
| Parts of the Truth, Facts, and some things which are True | p. 278 |
| The Objects of Knowing | p. 280 |
| The Truth and Truth | p. 284 |
| Agreement and Truth | p. 288 |
| The Predications of Truth and the Relevant Sense of "True" | p. 293 |
| The Modification of "True" | p. 297 |
| The Appearance of Amounts of Truth | p. 299 |
| Falsity and Truth | p. 304 |
| Some Paradoxical Consequences of this Account | p. 308 |
| An Approach to Philosophy | p. 313 |
| Index | p. 321 |
| Table of Contents provided by Blackwell. All Rights Reserved. |
ISBN: 9780198244172
ISBN-10: 0198244177
Series: Clarendon Library of Logic and Philosophy
Published: 1st January 1979
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number of Pages: 336
Audience: Professional and Scholarly
Publisher: Oxford University Press USA
Country of Publication: GB
Dimensions (cm): 23.39 x 15.6 x 1.78
Weight (kg): 0.4
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