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Identity Crises in Apuleius : The Empire and the Ass in Ancient Rome - Ashli J. E. Baker

Identity Crises in Apuleius

The Empire and the Ass in Ancient Rome

By: Ashli J. E. Baker

Hardcover | 18 August 2026

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In the second century CE, the multiethnic, multilingual, and religiously diverse Roman Empire grew to its greatest extent. To maintain order, Rome relied heavily on strict social hierarchies, established not only through legal frameworks like citizenship but also through cultural markers (such as clothing and language) and personal traits (such as educational achievement). Even as Rome grew into one of the world's most powerful empires, however, its social systems strained under the stresses caused by that very growth, which encouraged cultural interaction, long-distance travel, and social mobilityâ"all of which threatened the hierarchies that underpinned Roman order. It was during this time that the North Africanâ"born, Latin-speaking, Greek-educated Apuleiusâ"whose own background showcases the multiplicity of identities available then to Roman individualsâ"flourished. He remains one of the ancient world's best-known authors today, thanks particularly to his famous novel, Metamorphoses, known also as The Golden Ass. Taking a bird's-eye view of his work, Ashli J. E. Baker proffers a bold new reading of Apuleius, proposing that across his writings there is a consistent focus on the theme of identity and its instability. By placing close readings in conversation with sociocultural and material contexts, she shows that because the structures of Roman power depended on inherently unreliable markers of identity, Apuleius' work can be read as a biting critique of the fraught relationship between the individual, society, and the state in his contemporary Rome.
Industry Reviews
"This attractive book argues convincingly that Apuleius shows a constant interest in the complex, ambivalent, and contested nature of identity in contexts of power and hierarchy. A rich and innovative approach to Apuleis for our own times." (Stephen Harrison, author of Framing the Ass: Literary Texture in Apuleius' Metamorphoses) "A fresh and thought-provoking approach to a famous ancient author, on a topic-identity anxiety-that resonates with modern times. Stimulating and convincing." (Regine May, author of Cupid and Psyche: The Reception of Apuleis' Love Story Since 1600)

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