Preface xv
Symbols xvii
About the Companion Website xx
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Definition 1
1.2 Types of Turbomachines 1
1.3 Applications of Turbomachines 3
1.4 Performance Characteristics 5
1.5 Method of Analysis 7
1.6 Historical Evolution of Turbomachines 10
1.7 Organization of the Book 12
2 Basic Theories 15
2.1 Similitude 15
2.2 Energy Transfer in Turbomachines 27
3 Pumps 49
3.1 Centrifugal Pumps 49
3.2 Axial-Flow Pumps and Fans 88
4 Compressors 127
4.1 Centrifugal Fans, Blowers, and Compressors 127
4.2 Axial-Flow Compressors 173
5 Gas Turbines 195
5.1 Introduction 195
5.2 Radial-Inflow Gas Turbine 196
5.3 Thermodynamic Processes in Radial-Inflow Gas Turbine 199
5.4 Thermodynamics of Axial-Flow Turbine 202
5.5 Degree of Reaction 204
5.6 Preliminary Design Procedure for Turbine Stage 207
5.7 Determination of Turbine Stage Efficiency 209
5.8 Axial-Flow Turbine Performance 210
5.9 Compressor and Turbine Matching 214
5.10 Other Topics Related to Gas Turbine Engine 218
5.11 Applications of Gas Turbine Engines 221
5.12 Manufacturing Challenges on High-Temperature Gas Turbine Components 225
6 Steam Turbines 255
6.1 Introduction 255
6.2 Velocity-Compounded Stage 256
6.3 Classification of Steam Turbines 259
6.4 Steam Turbine Parameters and Performance 261
6.5 Cogeneration and Combined-Cycle Plants 266
7 Hydraulic Turbines 271
7.1 Introduction 271
7.2 Pelton Turbines 283
7.3 Francis Turbines 285
7.4 Kaplan Turbines 289
8 Wind Turbines 305
8.1 Introduction to Wind Power 305
8.2 Actuator Theory 307
8.3 Types of Wind Turbines 308
8.4 Wind Turbine Characteristics and Preliminary Design Analysis 310
8.5 Variable-Speed Performance of Wind Turbines 316
8.6 Wind Turbine Applications 318
8.7 Icing Problem 319
9 Artificial Intelligence as a New Frontier in Turbomachinery Design and Applications 329
9.1 Introduction 329
9.2 Machine Learning 330
9.3 Data Governance 334
9.4 Revolutionizing Turbomachinery with Machine Learning 338
9.5 Conclusions 340
10 Computational Fluid Dynamics in Turbomachinery 347
10.1 Introduction 347
10.2 CFD Application Advances in Turbomachinery 347
10.3 Fundamentals of CFD Methodologies in Turbomachinery 348
10.4 Applications of CFD in Turbomachinery Design and Analysis 352
A Review on Thermodynamics and Compressible Flow 365
A. 1 Thermodynamic Properties 365
A. 2 Thermodynamic Processes 365
A. 3 Other Thermoflow Properties 368
A. 4 Adiabatic Efficiencies of Flow Components 369
A. 5 Thermodynamic Cycles 372
A. 6 Thermodynamic Cycles of Gas Turbine Engines 372
A. 7 Rankine Cycles with Vapor 380
A. 8 Compressible Flow Through a Channel 381
A. 9 Normal Shock Waves 385
A. 10 Oblique Shock Waves 388
B Airfoil Characteristics 393
B. 1 Flow Over Objects 393
B. 2 Airfoil Geometry 394
B. 3 NACA Airfoil Specifications 394
C conversion Factors and Some constants 399
D Thermodynamic Properties of Air, Water, Superheated Steam, and CO 2 at STP (14.7 psia, 60 ? F) 401
E Internal Diameter of Standard Pipe of Schedule 40 403
Index 405
