| Preface | p. ix |
| Acknowledgments | p. xi |
| Glossary | p. xiii |
| List of Illustrations | p. xvii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| First Globalization | p. 2 |
| Oriental Texts and the Rise of the European Canon | p. 4 |
| Eurocentricity versus the Eurasian Exchange | p. 6 |
| Eurasia as Region | p. 8 |
| The Southeast Asia Region? | p. 10 |
| Defining the Eurasian Maritime World System | p. 11 |
| The Book | p. 13 |
| The Discovery Canon | p. 17 |
| Medieval Travelers | p. 17 |
| The Iberian Discovery Literature | p. 20 |
| The Portuguese Histories | p. 23 |
| The Great European Collections | p. 25 |
| Arab-Iberian Crossovers | p. 30 |
| The Varenius Revolution in Geography | p. 32 |
| Conclusion | p. 34 |
| Historical Confabulators and Literary Geographers | p. 37 |
| Constructions of Europe and the Literary Classics | p. 38 |
| Tradition of the Fantastic | p. 40 |
| Fantastic Science | p. 42 |
| The Prester John Myth? | p. 45 |
| Literary Utopias | p. 47 |
| Terra Australis Incognita | p. 50 |
| Psalmanazar's Formosa: Science as Fiction | p. 52 |
| Remote Island Fantasies | p. 53 |
| Swift's Japan | p. 55 |
| Bougainville, Diderot, Rousseau, and Paradise Lost | p. 56 |
| Conclusion | p. 57 |
| Observations on Nature | p. 59 |
| Great Asian Herbals and Floras | p. 60 |
| The Lure of Spices and Other Riches | p. 65 |
| Global Plant Exchanges | p. 67 |
| Reverse Flow | p. 71 |
| The Plant Hunters | p. 74 |
| The Bounds of the Natural World | p. 77 |
| Conclusion | p. 82 |
| Catholic Cosmologies | p. 85 |
| Jesuitas na Asia: The Jesuits in Asia | p. 86 |
| The Goa Press | p. 87 |
| The Macau Press | p. 88 |
| The Nagasaki Press | p. 89 |
| The Beijing Press | p. 92 |
| The Manila Press | p. 92 |
| The Church Canon on Asia | p. 94 |
| The Visual Arts in Religious Propagation | p. 101 |
| Alterities, Heresies, and Hybrid Cosmologies | p. 104 |
| The Rites Controversy | p. 108 |
| Conclusion | p. 109 |
| Mapping Eurasia | p. 113 |
| The Rise of European Map Culture | p. 113 |
| Overcoming Ptolemy/Polo | p. 115 |
| Incorporating New Cartesian Geography | p. 116 |
| Atlases and Globes | p. 120 |
| Map Representations of Siberia and Central Asia | p. 123 |
| Mapping China | p. 124 |
| The European Mapping of Japan | p. 127 |
| Map Production in Japan | p. 130 |
| Korea Mapped | p. 132 |
| Mapping Vietnam and Siam | p. 133 |
| Mapping the Eastern Archipelago | p. 134 |
| Imagining Asia | p. 138 |
| Conclusion | p. 141 |
| Enlightenment Views of Asian Governance | p. 145 |
| Enlightenment Views of Governance in China | p. 146 |
| Engelbert Kaempfer and Japanese Despotism | p. 149 |
| Hendrik Hamel's Korea | p. 152 |
| Islamic Courts | p. 153 |
| Jean-Baptiste Tavernier's Travels in India | p. 154 |
| Augustin de Beaulieu at the Sultanate of Aceh | p. 155 |
| Montesquieu, the Seraglio, and the Slavery of Women | p. 157 |
| Hindu-Buddhistic Kingdoms | p. 158 |
| Gaspero Baldi at the Court of Pegu | p. 158 |
| Henry Hagenaar at the Cambodian Court | p. 159 |
| Gerald Hulft at the Court of Kandy | p. 160 |
| Europe at the Court of Siam--Siam at the Court of Europe | p. 162 |
| Voltaire on Brahmin India | p. 164 |
| Dutch Justice in Asia | p. 165 |
| Conclusion | p. 167 |
| Civilizational Encounters | p. 169 |
| The Mongol Exchange | p. 170 |
| The Sinic View of the Universe | p. 171 |
| The Jesuit Reception in China | p. 172 |
| Chinese Ethnocentricity? | p. 174 |
| Chinese Rejection of Western Science | p. 177 |
| Vietnam and the Chinese Model | p. 178 |
| The Japanese Reception of Europe | p. 180 |
| An Example from Korea | p. 186 |
| Symbolic Space in Indic Cosmography | p. 187 |
| Darul Islam: The World of Islam | p. 190 |
| The Animist World View: An Example from the Marianas | p. 194 |
| Conclusion | p. 195 |
| Livelihoods | p. 199 |
| Iberian Views of Sixteenth-Century China | p. 200 |
| Luis Frois's Japan | p. 202 |
| Urban Society | p. 204 |
| Music, Dancing, and Festivals | p. 207 |
| Fashion, Style, and Attire | p. 209 |
| Culinary Encounters: William Dampier in Vietnam | p. 212 |
| Gendered Violence | p. 213 |
| Crime and Punishment | p. 218 |
| Conclusion | p. 221 |
| Language, Power, and Hegemony in European Oriental Studies | p. 223 |
| The European Study of Asian Languages | p. 223 |
| Translating the Arabic World | p. 225 |
| Indology | p. 228 |
| Dunia Melayu: Malay World | p. 231 |
| The Extinction of Tagalog Script | p. 235 |
| Learning Chinese | p. 237 |
| Rangaku: Japanese Lexicology | p. 240 |
| The Jesuit Invention of Quoc Ngu | p. 242 |
| Translating Buddhist Asia | p. 243 |
| Orientalism Revisited | p. 245 |
| Conclusion | p. 246 |
| A Theory of Global Culturalization | p. 249 |
| Creole Cultures, Creoles, and Creolization | p. 250 |
| Portuguese as First World Language | p. 254 |
| The Little World of the Macanese and Timorese | p. 259 |
| Mexico-Spanish-Philippines Cultural Transactions | p. 262 |
| Cultural Crossovers | p. 264 |
| Portugalized/Hispanicized Toponyms | p. 269 |
| Conclusion | p. 271 |
| Conclusion | p. 275 |
| The Eurasia Exchange | p. 275 |
| Roots of Divergence? | p. 278 |
| The Creolization Effect | p. 281 |
| Envoi on Orientalism | p. 282 |
| Lessons of Global History | p. 283 |
| References | p. 285 |
| Index | p. 325 |
| About the Author | p. 343 |
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