Famine Early Warning Systems

Acknowledgements
Preface
1. The Nature of Disasters: the Challenge of Sustainable Development
Introduction
What is a Disaster?
Disaster Types and Scales
Famine: a Failure to Practise Sustainable Development?
What is Sustainable Development?
The Effect of Non-sustainable Development in Sudan
Non-sustainable Development in Brazil
What Triggers the Final Stages of Famine?
Natural Triggers
Man-made Triggers
The Success of Sustainable Development in Northern Ethiopia
2. The Outsider's View and the Victims' View of Famine
The Outsider's View
Famine as a Community Syndrome
Who are the Victims and who the Beneficiaries?
Famine Vulnerability
Famine Beneficiaries
The Victims' View
The Process of Famine
3. How do People Traditionally Respond?
The Victims' Perspective
Traditional Responses in Africa
Traditional Responses in the Indian Sub-continent
Conclusions and Lessons for Famine Early Warning
4. The Non-victims' Reaction
Introduction
Host Governments
Donor Governments
International Governmental Organizations (IGOs)
The Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Conclusions
5. The Purpose of Early Warning Systems and the Nature of Information
What are the Components of a Perfect Warning System?
Who should be Warning Whom to do What?
Trigger-related Systems
Deprivation-related Systems
Conclusion
6. The Tools Available
Introduction
Remote Sensing
Food Balance Models
Nutritional Surveillance
Market Behaviour Models
Social Behaviour Models
Conclusions
7. How do States Warn of and Respond to Famine?
Introduction
India
Bangladesh
Botswana
Ethiopia
Conclusions
8. International and Non-governmental Early Warning Systems
Introduction
FAO/WFP
US AID-related
UNICEF
NGO Systems
Other Systems
9. Conclusions and Recommendations for Famine Warning Systems
Famine as a Process, not an Event
What makes a Warning System Work?
The Need for a Two-phase System
Recommendations for Famine Warning Systems
Recommendations for Mass Starvation Warning Systems
Additional Actions which need to be Taken
10. What is the Future for those Vulnerable to Famine?
Introduction
Population Growth
Global Warming and its Implications for Famine Vulnerability
Conclusions
References
Resource Centres
Index