Digital Electronics

1. ELECTRICAL SAFETY AND COMPONENTS. Electrical Safety. Working with Electricity. Static Electricity. Voltage and Current in Electronics. Other Safety Issues. Component identification. Resistors. Capacitors. Electronic Assemblies. Solder. Soldering. Quality Solder Connections. 2. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY. SI notation. Atomic Structure. Atoms and Electricity. Voltage, Current, and Resistance. Conductors and Insulators. Ohm's Law. Kirchhoff's Voltage and Current Laws. Breadboarding. Circuit Design Software. 3. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF DIGITAL SYSTEMS. Digital vs. Analog Electronics. Digital Logic Levels. The Binary Number System. Positional Notation. Binary Inputs. Decimal-to-Binary Conversion. Sum of Powers of 2. Repeated Division by 2. Hexadecimal Numbers. Counting in Hexadecimal. Hexadecimal-to-Decimal Conversion. Decimal-to-Hexadecimal Conversion. Sum of Weighted Hexadecimal Digits. Conversions Between Hexadecimal and Binary. Digital Waveforms. Periodic Waveforms. Aperiodic Waveforms. Pulse Waveforms. 4. LOGIC FUNCTIONS AND GATES. Basic Logic Functions. NOT, AND, and OR Functions. NOT Function. AND Function. OR Function. Active Levels. Derived Logic Functions. NAND and NOR Functions. Expanding NAND and NOR Functions. NAND and NOR Gates as Inverters. Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Functions. DeMorgan's Theorems and Gate Equivalence. Logic Switches and LED Indicators. Logic Switches. LED Indicators. Enable and Inhibit Properties of Logic Gates. AND and OR Gates. NAND and NOR Gates. Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Gates. Tristate Buffers. Octal Tristate Buffers. Integrated Circuit Logic Gates. 5. COMBINATIONAL LOGIC. Boolean Expressions, Logic Diagrams, and Truth Tables. Boolean Expressions from Logic Diagrams. Logic Diagrams from Boolean Expressions. Truth Tables from Logic Diagrams or Boolean Expressions. Sum-of-Products (SOP) and Product-of-Sums (POS) Forms. Simplifying SOP Expressions. Reducing Product Terms by Factoring and Cancellation. Reusing Product Terms. Avoiding Redundant Terms. Simplification by the Karnaugh Map Method. Two-Variable Map. Three- and Four-Variable Maps. Grouping Cells Along Outside Edges. Loading a K-Map from a Truth Table. Multiple Groups. Overlapping Groups. Conditions for Maximum Simplification. Don't Care States. Simplification by DeMorgan Equivalent Gates. A General Approach to Logic Circuit Design. 6. COMBINATIONAL LOGIC FUNCTIONS. Decoders. AND and NAND Gates as Decoders. Binary Decoders. Seven Segment Decoders. Encoders. Priority Encoders. Multiplexers. Demultiplexers. Parity Generators and Checkers. Troubleshooting Combinational Logic Functions. 7. DIGITAL ARITHMETIC CIRCUITS. Binary Sums and Differences. Signed Binary Numbers. Two's Complement Arithmetic. Half and Full Adders. Parallel Binary Adders. Two's Complement Adder/Subtractor. 8. DIGITAL SYSTEM APPLICATION. Problem-Solving Techniques. Sample Application: a Small Calculator. Components of the Calculator. Troubleshooting. 9. SEQUENTIAL LOGIC FUNCTIONS. SR Latches. NAND and NOR Latches. D-type Latches. Edge-Triggered D Flip-Flops. Edge-Triggered JK Flip-Flops. 10. DIGITAL COUNTERS. Basic Concepts of Digital Counters. Full-Sequence Binary Counters. Truncated-Sequence (Modulus) Counters. Asynchronous Counters. Flip-Flop-based Asynchronous counters. MSI Asynchronous Counters. Synchronous Counters. Flip-Flop-based Synchronous counters. Auxiliary Functions: Load, Clear, Direction (Up/Down). MSI Synchronous Counters. Predesigned Counters for PLDs. 11. STATE MACHINE DESIGN. State Machines. Moore Machines. Mealy Machines. State Machines with No Control Inputs. State Machines with Control Inputs. Designing a Single-Pulse Generator. Traffic Light Controller. 12. MEMORY SYSTEMS. Appendix A: Multisim', Xilinx®, and Altera® Tutorials. What is a Programmable Logic Device? Multisim' Tutorial. Xilinx Tutorial®. Altera Tutorial®.