Complete Scattering Experiments

By: Uwe Becker, Albert Crowe (Editor)

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Hardcover | 30 April 2001

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308 Pages

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25.4 x 17.78 x 2.54

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The Hans Kleinpoppen Symposium on "Complete Scattering Experiments" th was held in honor of Hans Kleinpoppen's 70 birthday. It took place in Il Ciocco, Italy. The symposium had two purposes: to present the work that Hans Kleinpoppen has done or initiated during his remarkable scientific career, and to bring people from various fields together who perform complete scattering experiments. Hans Kleinpoppen's work included electron and photon impact experiments which were accompanied by studies of entangled states - a field of high current interest. Representatives from each of these fields gave excellent lectures on their particular subjects, and many discussions that started during the sessions were continued later in the relaxed atmosphere of the Il Ciocco resort. The breathtaking view of the beautiful landscape will be an unforg- table memory to all who participated in this extraordinary scientific event. The coherent and ideal combination of subject, people and location reflected the coherence of Hans Kleinpoppen's aims and activities in science and life. We offer our grateful thanks to all contributers who made this volume such a worthy tribute to Hans Kleinpoppen. We also like to thank Rainer Hentges for the painstaking work to prepare this volume in its complete ready to print version. We are also grateful to the Royal Society of London and the Max- Planck-Gesellschaft who generous support of the Hans Kleinpoppen sym- sium made this marvelous meeting and this proceedings possible.

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Non-Fiction Science Physics Nuclear Physics Engineering & Technology Mechanical Engineering & Materials Materials Science Energy Technology & Engineering Nuclear Power & Engineering Quantum Physics & Quantum Mechanics & Quantum Field Theory Atomic & Molecular Physics

A "laudatio" for Professor Hans Kleinpoppen	p. 1
Introduction	p. 1
Early studies of line polarization	p. 2
Level widths, fine and hyperfine structure	p. 2
Threshold excitation and resonances	p. 5
Level crossings, anticrossings and Lamb shifts	p. 6
Correlation and coherence	p. 14
Theory of the Measurement	p. 14
Excitation of two-electron atoms, 2[superscript 1]P and 3[superscript 1]P states of helium	p. 16
Hydrogen	p. 21
Sodium [(Ne)3s superscript 1] and Potassium [(Ar)4s superscript 1]	p. 22
Calcium [(Ar)4s superscript 2] and Strontium [(Kr)5s superscript 2]	p. 23
Mercury [(Xe)4f superscript 14 5d superscript 10 6s superscript 2]	p. 24
Photoionization (Synchrotron) Studies	p. 25
Calcium [(Ar)4s]	p. 25
Atomic oxygen [1s superscript 2 2s superscript 2 2p superscript 4]	p. 27
Outer shell excitation in heavy particle collisions	p. 29
Inner shell ionisation	p. 35
Two-photon studies and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox	p. 38
Conclusion	p. 40
Electron Scattering
Complete Experiments in Electron-Atom Collisions--Benchmarks for Atomic Collision Theory	p. 61
Introduction	p. 61
S [right arrow] P excitation in helium	p. 62
S [right arrow] D excitation in helium	p. 70
S [right arrow] P excitation in sodium	p. 76
S [right arrow] P excitation in mercury	p. 79
S [right arrow] P simultaneous ionization--excitation in helium	p. 84
Summary	p. 87
Differential Cross Section and Spin Asymmetries for Collisions between Electrons and Oriented Chiral Molecules	p. 93
Introduction	p. 93
Discussion of cross section	p. 94
General theory	p. 94
Numerical results	p. 96
Spin asymmetries	p. 100
Introduction	p. 100
Discussion of the asymmetry A	p. 101
Discussion of the asymmetry [eta]	p. 103
Numerical results and discussion	p. 104
Towards a Complete Experiment for Auger Decay	p. 111
Introduction	p. 111
Example for a possible complete experiment	p. 113
Proposal for an "almost" complete experiment	p. 115
Performance of an "almost" complete experiment	p. 117
Conditions and applicability of the proposed method	p. 124
Conclusions	p. 125
The Transfer of Angular Momentum for Electron--Atom Collision Processes Involving Inelastically Excited S[right arrow]P and P[right arrow]S Transitions	p. 129
Photon Impact
Complete Photoionization Experiments Using Polarized Atoms	p. 141
Introduction	p. 141
Approximations	p. 142
The observables in photoionisation	p. 143
Experimental set-up	p. 144
The thallium 5d spectrum	p. 147
Results for the dynamical spin polarization	p. 151
Differences between the LMDAD-asymmetry and dynamical spin polarisation	p. 151
Summary	p. 153
On the Contribution of Photoelectron Auger Electron Coincidence Spectrometry to Complete Photoionization Studies	p. 155
Introduction	p. 155
Selected process	p. 157
Results from a particular correlation pattern	p. 158
Proposed study	p. 160
Conclusions	p. 165
Complete Experiments in Molecular Photoionization	p. 167
Introduction	p. 167
On the possibilities of complete experiments with atoms and molecules	p. 168
Principles of complete experiments with molecules	p. 170
Photoionization of excited aligned molecules	p. 174
Photoionization of oriented (fixed-in-space) molecules	p. 177
General consideration	p. 177
Particular results for O K-shell of CO	p. 180
Conclusions	p. 184
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Experiments
Experimental Tests of Bell's Inequalities with Correlated Photons	p. 189
Introduction	p. 189
Why supplementary parameters? The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm Gedankenexperiment	p. 190
Experimental scheme	p. 190
Correlations	p. 192
Difficulty of an image derived from the formalism of Quantum Mechanics	p. 192
Supplementary parameters	p. 194
Bells inequalities	p. 195
Formalism	p. 195
A (naive) example of supplementary parameters theory	p. 195
Bell's Inequalities	p. 197
Conflict with quantum mechanics	p. 198
Evidence	p. 198
Maximum conflict	p. 198
Discussion: The locality condition	p. 200
Gedankenexperiment with variable analyzers: The locality condition as a consequence of Einstein's causality	p. 201
From Bell's theorem to a realistic experiment	p. 203
Experimentally testing Bell's inequalities	p. 203
Sensitive situations are rare	p. 203
Production of pairs of photons in an EPR state	p. 204
Realistic experiment	p. 205
Timing conditions	p. 206
First generation experiments	p. 206
Experiments with one channel polarizer	p. 206
Results	p. 208
Orsay experiments (1980-1982)	p. 208
The source	p. 208
Detection-Coincidence counting	p. 209
Experiment with one-channel polarizers	p. 210
Experiment with two-channel analyzers	p. 211
Timing experiment	p. 213
Third Generation: Experiments with pairs of photons produced in parametric down conversion	p. 216
Conclusion	p. 218
Polarization and coherence analysis of the optical two-photon radiation from the metastable 2[superscript 2]S[subscript 1/2] state of atomic Hydrogen	p. 223
Introduction	p. 224
On the Theory of the Two-Photon Decay of the Metastable State of Atomic Hydrogen	p. 225
The Stirling Two-photon Apparatus	p. 231
Angular and Polarization Correlation Experiments	p. 233
Two-Polarizers Experiments: Polarization Correlation and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Tests	p. 233
Tests of Garuccio-Selleri Enhancement Effects	p. 239
Three-Polarizer Experiments	p. 240
Breit-Teller Hypothesis	p. 243
Coherence and Fourier Spectral Analysis	p. 247
Time Correlation	p. 252
Correlated Emission Spectroscopy of Metastable Hydrogen	p. 253
Conclusions	p. 257
Quantum-State Transmission via Quantum Teleportation	p. 261
Introduction	p. 261
Quantum Teleportation Protocol	p. 262
Experimental Quantum Teleportation	p. 264
Polarisation Entangled Photons	p. 264
Bell-State Analyser	p. 266
Experimental Setup	p. 268
Experimental Predictions	p. 269
Experimental Results	p. 270
Teleportation of Entanglement	p. 272
Concluding Remarks and Prospects	p. 273
Index	p. 277
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Complete Scattering Experiments

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