| Preface | p. XIII |
| The Concept of Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 1 |
| Prologue | p. 1 |
| Milestones in the Development of the Concept of Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 11 |
| Connections | p. 25 |
| Composition of Area 17 | p. 39 |
| Comparison of the Architectonics of Areas 17 and 18 and Identification of Borders | p. 59 |
| Visual Maps in Areas 17 and 18 | p. 63 |
| Circuitry and Signal Processing in Areas 17 and 18 | p. 76 |
| Visually Guided Behavior | p. 100 |
| Synthesis | p. 102 |
| Recent Challenges to the Primacy of Areas 17 and 18 | p. 106 |
| Epilogue | p. 108 |
| Optical Imaging of Functional Architecture in Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 131 |
| Introduction | p. 131 |
| Methodological Aspects of Optical Imaging | p. 132 |
| Optical Imaging of Functional Maps in Cat Visual Cortex | p. 136 |
| Relationships Between Columnar Systems | p. 152 |
| Comparison with the Functional Architecture in Other Species | p. 156 |
| Concluding Remarks | p. 158 |
| 2-Deoxyglucose Architecture of Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 167 |
| Introduction | p. 167 |
| Orientation Domains | p. 170 |
| Ocular Dominance Domains | p. 173 |
| Spatial Frequency Domains | p. 178 |
| Development and Experience-Dependent Changes of Cortical Maps | p. 179 |
| Advantages and Disadvantages of the 2-DG Technique | p. 186 |
| Outlook | p. 188 |
| Functional Mapping in the Cat Primary Visual Cortex Using High Magnetic Fields | p. 195 |
| Introduction | p. 195 |
| Limitations of Current Techniques, or Why We Need Another Mapping Technique | p. 196 |
| Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging | p. 196 |
| Functional MRI of the Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 200 |
| Conclusions | p. 215 |
| Relationships of LGN Afferents and Cortical Efferents to Cytochrome Oxidase Blobs | p. 221 |
| Parallel Processing in the Mammalian Visual System | p. 221 |
| Organization of CO Staining in Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 223 |
| Geniculate Inputs to the CO Blobs | p. 228 |
| Molecular Markers for Other Blob/Interblob Inputs | p. 232 |
| Outputs of the CO Blobs | p. 235 |
| Projections to Area 19 | p. 244 |
| Comparisons with Primates | p. 248 |
| Conclusions | p. 251 |
| Influence of Topography and Ocular Dominance on the Functional Organization of Callosal Connections in Cat Striate Cortex | p. 259 |
| Introduction | p. 259 |
| The Vertical Meridian Rule | p. 260 |
| Callosal Fibers Interlink Cortical Sites That are in Retinotopic, Rather Than Anatomical, Correspondence | p. 262 |
| Interhemispheric Correlated Activity Guides Callosal Development | p. 268 |
| Summary and Concluding Remarks | p. 286 |
| Essential and Sustaining LGN Inputs to Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 295 |
| Introduction | p. 295 |
| The Reversible Inactivation Technique | p. 296 |
| Two Circuits in Area 17 | p. 297 |
| Area 18: More Integrative Than Area 17 | p. 308 |
| Functional Architecture of Visual Cortex | p. 310 |
| Integration of Thalamic Inputs to Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 319 |
| Introduction | p. 319 |
| Simple Receptive Fields | p. 320 |
| Numerical Aspects of the Geniculocortical Projection | p. 323 |
| Feedforward (Thalamic) Connections and Simple Cell Responses | p. 326 |
| Intrisic Connections and Simple-Cell Responses | p. 334 |
| Conclusions | p. 337 |
| The Emergence of Direction Selectivity in Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 343 |
| Overview | p. 343 |
| Directional Tuning: The Basics | p. 344 |
| Computational Requirements for Direction Selectivity | p. 346 |
| Biological Instantiation of Computational Principles | p. 348 |
| Origins of Cortical Timings: The Lagged/Nonlagged Cell Model | p. 351 |
| Comparison with Recent Models | p. 357 |
| Intracortical Inhibition: Experimental Evidence | p. 360 |
| How are Inputs Combined? | p. 368 |
| Intralaminar and Interlaminar Interactions | p. 376 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 377 |
| Future Directions | p. 378 |
| Long-Range Intrinsic Connections in Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 387 |
| Introduction | p. 387 |
| Historical Overview | p. 388 |
| Layout of Long-Range Horizontal Connections | p. 390 |
| Types of Neurons Forming Long-Range Horizontal Connections | p. 393 |
| Synaptic Targets of Long-Range Intrinsic Connections | p. 394 |
| Divergence and Convergence of Long-Range Horizontal Connections at the Ultrastructural Level | p. 395 |
| Topographic Relations between Long-Range Intrinsic Connections and Functional Cortical Maps | p. 396 |
| Possible Functions | p. 407 |
| Plasticity of Long-Range Connections in the Adult | p. 410 |
| Conclusions | p. 416 |
| Pharmacological Studies on receptive Field Architecture | p. 427 |
| Receptive Field Architecture in Cat Striate Cortex Cells | p. 427 |
| Specific Local Synaptic Input Systems to Striate Cortex Cells | p. 429 |
| Striate Cortical Network Effects on RF Properties | p. 447 |
| Orientation Selectivity and its Modulation by Local and Long-Range Connections in Visual Cortex | p. 471 |
| Overview and Introduction | p. 471 |
| Contributions of Local Cortical Excitation to the Generation of Orientation Selectivity: The Emergent Model | p. 473 |
| Effect of Long-Range Connections on Orientation-Specific Responses | p. 488 |
| Supraoptimal Responses and Dynamic Properties of Recurrent Inhibition | p. 497 |
| Short-Term Plasticity of Orientation Tuning Induced by Pattern Adaptation | p. 505 |
| Concluding Remarks | p. 510 |
| Response Synchronization, Gamma Oscillations, and Perceptual Binding in Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 521 |
| Introduction | p. 521 |
| Two Complimentary Strategies for the Representation of Relations: Smart Neurons and Assemblies | p. 523 |
| A Need for Dynamic Response Selection and Binding | p. 525 |
| Dynamic Grouping Mechanisms | p. 530 |
| Predictions | p. 533 |
| Response Synchronization in Striate Cortex | p. 533 |
| Response Synchronization, Mechanisms and Properties | p. 534 |
| Relation between Response Synchronization and Perceptual Phenomena | p. 537 |
| Dependency on Central States and Attention | p. 542 |
| Plasticity of Synchronizing Connections | p. 546 |
| The Impact of Synchronized Responses | p. 549 |
| Gamma Oscillations and Visual Perceptions in Human Subjects | p. 551 |
| Stimulus Locked Synchronization and Perceptual Grouping | p. 552 |
| Conclusions | p. 553 |
| The Special Relationship Between beta Retinal Ganglion Cells and Cat Primary Visual Cortex | p. 561 |
| Introduction | p. 561 |
| Identification of Subsystems and Connections | p. 563 |
| Visual System Connections and Function in the Newborn | p. 579 |
| Visual Cortex Lesions | p. 580 |
| Factors Linked to Survival and Death of Ganglion Cells | p. 590 |
| Primates | p. 594 |
| Summary | p. 597 |
| Primary Visual Cortex within the Cortico-Cortico-Thalamic Network | p. 609 |
| Introduction | p. 609 |
| Function | p. 611 |
| Structure | p. 619 |
| Structure-Function Relationships | p. 641 |
| Conclusions | p. 645 |
| Behavioral Analyses of the Contributions of Cat Primary Visual Cortex to Vision | p. 655 |
| Introduction | p. 655 |
| The Behavioral Consequences of Lesions of the Visual Cortex | p. 656 |
| Insights Gained from Cats Reared with Selected Forms of Early Visual Deprivation | p. 686 |
| Conclusions | p. 687 |
| Index | p. 695 |
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