Basic Physiology for Anaesthetists

Foreword; Preface; Part I. The Basics: 1. General organisation of the body; 2. Cell components and function; 3. Genetics; 4. The cell membrane; 5. Enzymes; Part II. Respiratory Physiology: 6. Lung anatomy and function; 7. Oxygen transport; 8. Carbon dioxide transport; 9. Alveolar diffusion; 10. Ventilation and dead space; 11. Static lung volumes; 12. Spirometry; 13. Hypoxia and shunts; 14. Ventilation-perfusion relationships; 15. West Zones; 16. Oxygen delivery and demand; 17. Alveolar gas equation; 18. Oxygen cascade; 19. Lung compliance; 20. Work of breathing; 21. Control of ventilation; 22. Pulmonary circulation; 23. Oxygen toxicity; 24. Ventilatory failure; 25. Anaesthesia and the lung; Part III. Cardiovascular Physiology: 26. Cardiac anatomy and function; 27. Cardiac cycle; 28. Cardiac output and its measurement; 29. Starling's law and cardiac dysfunction; 30. Pressure-volume loops; 31. Systemic circulation; 32. Arterial system; 33. Arterial pressure waveforms; 34. Capillaries and endothelium; 35. Venous system; 36. Venous pressure waveforms; 37. Lymphatics; 38. Cardiovascular reflexes; 39. Valsalva manoeuvre; 40. Exercise physiology; Part IV. Neurophysiology: 41. Neuronal structure and function; 42. The brain; 43. Cerebrospinous fluid; 44. Blood brain barrier; 45. Cerebral blood flow; 46. Intracranial pressure and head injury; 47. The spinal cord; 48. Resting membrane potential; 49. Nerve action potential and propagation; 50. Synapses and the neuromuscular junction; 51. Skeletal muscle; 52. Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs; 53. Smooth muscle; 54. Cardiac muscle; 55. The electrocardiogram; 56. Autonomic nervous system; 57. Pain physiology; Part V. Gastrointestinal Tract: 58. Saliva, oesophagus and swallowing; 59. Stomach and vomiting; 60. Gastrointestinal digestion and absorption; 61. Liver anatomy and blood supply; 62. Liver function; Part VI. Kidney and Body Fluids: 63. Renal function, anatomy and blood flow; 64. Renal filtration and reabsorption; 65. Renal regulation of water and electrolyte balance; 66. Acid-base physiology; Part VII. Blood and Immune System: 67. Haemostasis; 68. Transfusion; 69. Anaemia and polycythaemia; 70. Immune system; 71. Plasma constituents; Part VIII. Energy Balance: 72. Metabolism; 73. Starvation; 74. Stress response; Part IX. Endocrine Physiology: 75. Hypothalamus and pituitary; 76. Thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal; Part X. Developmental Physiology: 77. Maternal physiology during pregnancy; 78. Fetal physiology; 79. Paediatric physiology; 80. Physiology of ageing; Part XI. Environmental Physiology: 81. Altitude; 82. Diving; 83. Temperature regulation; Index.