| List of Tables | p. ix |
| List of Figures | p. x |
| Acknowledgements | p. xi |
| Notes on Contributors | p. xii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| What form should the payment take? | p. 2 |
| At what level should the income be paid? | p. 3 |
| Should the income be paid unconditionally? | p. 4 |
| Should the income be universal, paid to all citizens in a country, or should it be targeted to a particular section of the population? | p. 4 |
| Can basic income be afforded? And how is it to be funded? | p. 5 |
| Experiments | p. 9 |
| The United States: The Basic Income Guarantee - Past Experience, Current Proposals | p. 11 |
| Alaska's permanent fund dividend | p. 12 |
| The guaranteed income movement of the 1960s and 1970s | p. 15 |
| From the family assistance plan to temporary assistance for needy families | p. 16 |
| Offshoots of the guaranteed income movement | p. 18 |
| The negative income tax experiments | p. 19 |
| The standard tax credit proposal and the current discussion of the basic income guarantee in the United States | p. 22 |
| The background of the standard tax credit proposal | p. 24 |
| The proposal | p. 25 |
| Why we need the STC | p. 29 |
| Response to the standard tax credit proposal | p. 30 |
| Conclusion | p. 30 |
| Namibia: Seeing the Sun Rise - The Realities and Hopes of the Basic Income Grant Pilot Project | p. 33 |
| History of the BIG coalition and reasons for the pilot project | p. 34 |
| The dawn of economic security for all û results from the pilot project | p. 37 |
| Will a national BIG in Namibia see the light of day? | p. 52 |
| Brazil: Basic Income - A New Model of Innovation Diffusion | p. 59 |
| The debate in Brazil: main actors, arenas and political strategies | p. 60 |
| The victory of the political entrepreneurs: minimum income at the federal capital and in the city of Campinas | p. 62 |
| An increasing political competition: from municipal to state diffusion | p. 66 |
| The federal government enters the scene: the creation of the first national programmes | p. 68 |
| The competitive adherence of the municipalities to the federal programmes | p. 69 |
| Minimum income in Brazil: a brief description of the programmes of the federal government | p. 71 |
| Conclusion | p. 77 |
| Canada: The Case for Basic Income | p. 81 |
| Welfare, welfare reform and a guaranteed income | p. 82 |
| The Royal Commission on the Economic Union and development prospects for Canada | p. 88 |
| Reconsidering Dauphin | p. 90 |
| Conclusion | p. 96 |
| Proposals | p. 103 |
| East Timor and Catalonia: Basic Income û Proposals for North and South | p. 105 |
| Freedom and material independence | p. 108 |
| Basic income and freedom in North and South | p. 110 |
| Financing freedom in North and South: basic income in Catalonia and East Timor | p. 115 |
| Basic income in Catalonia: simulating a financial model | p. 115 |
| Basic income in East Timor: guidelines for a financial model | p. 120 |
| Conclusion | p. 123 |
| South Africa: The Continuing Politics of Basic Income | p. 128 |
| Expansion without restructuring: welfare reform, 1994-2002 | p. 130 |
| The Basic Income Grant and its critics | p. 132 |
| Parametric reforms as an alternative to a Basic Income Grant, 2002-10 | p. 135 |
| Explaining both the extent and limit of welfare reforms: government, parliament and courts | p. 139 |
| Civil and political society | p. 142 |
| Conclusion: prospects for welfare reform | p. 146 |
| Ireland: The Prospects for Basic Income Reform | p. 151 |
| First approach: maintaining much of the current structure | p. 152 |
| Second approach: replacing the current structure with a basic income system | p. 153 |
| Pathways to a basic income | p. 154 |
| Government-chaired working group on basic income | p. 155 |
| Government Green Paper | p. 156 |
| Towards a half-way house: making tax credits refundable | p. 159 |
| Working Group on refundable tax credits | p. 160 |
| Social Justice Ireland's study of refundable tax credits | p. 161 |
| Parliamentary Committee on Social Protection | p. 162 |
| Challenges ahead | p. 163 |
| Conclusion | p. 168 |
| Germany: Basic Income in the German Debate | p. 173 |
| A brief history of the current debate | p. 174 |
| Precursors - similarities and differences | p. 180 |
| Manifold possibilities and peculiar obstacles -arguments and debates | p. 183 |
| Families, childcare and emancipation | p. 189 |
| A note on taxation and social justice | p. 190 |
| Basic income - just a pipe dream or emerging reality? | p. 190 |
| New Zealand: Prospects for Basic Income Reform | p. 200 |
| Proportional (flat) taxes and the link to basic income | p. 201 |
| Taxation and basic income in New Zealand - the numbers | p. 202 |
| New Zealand superannuation | p. 204 |
| The political challenge | p. 205 |
| Universal welfare in New Zealand, 1898-1976 | p. 206 |
| Winding back universal welfare, 1978-91 | p. 208 |
| Basic income proposals, 1991-2009 | p. 210 |
| Criticism of basic income proposals, 1991-2009 | p. 213 |
| A new proposal for basic income | p. 215 |
| Summary and conclusion | p. 220 |
| Australia: Basic Income - A Distant Horizon | p. 227 |
| The poverty inquiry and its aftermath | p. 229 |
| The governmental income support policies û late 1970s to mid-1990s | p. 232 |
| From "mutual obligation" to the intervention | p. 233 |
| Economic stimulation, but business as usual on the welfare front | p. 234 |
| Private superannuation | p. 236 |
| Division and downward envy | p. 238 |
| Basic income as an alternative to the existing income maintenance system | p. 240 |
| What would an Australian basic income look like? | p. 242 |
| Is a basic income affordable? | p. 244 |
| Conclusion - is a universal basic income likely to be introduced in Australia? | p. 245 |
| Conclusion: A New Day | p. 250 |
| Index | p. 263 |
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