A Thematic Guide to Optimality Theory

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Hardcover | 20 May 2002

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332 Pages

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This book describes Optimality Theory from the top down, explaining and exploring the central premises of OT and the results of their praxis. Examples are drawn from phonology, morphology, and syntax, but the emphasis throughout is on the theory rather than the examples, on understanding what is special about OT and on equipping readers to apply it, extend it, and critique it in their own areas of interest. To enhance the book's usefulness for researchers in allied disciplines, the topdown view of OT extends to work on first- and second-language acquisition, phonetics and functional phonology, computational linguistics, historical linguistics, and sociolinguistics. Furthermore, to situate OT for those coming from other traditions, this book also contains much discussion of OT's intellectual origins, its predecessors, and its contemporary competitors. Each chapter concludes with extensive suggestions for further reading, classified by topics, and supplemented by a massive bibliography (over 800 items). The book ends with a list of frequently asked questions about Optimality Theory, with brief answers and pointers to a fuller treatment in the text.

Industry Reviews

'The most attractive virtue of this book is that it is designed to be user-friendly ... I believe that this book makes a considerable contribution to the field ... we would like to welcome this book as a textbook or an adjunct to another textbook or a reference.' Studies in English Literature 'Overall, McCarthy's Thematic Guide to OT is an excellent research survey that I highly recommend to schoalrs and graduate students interested in phonology and in linguistic science in general ... McCarthy's Guide, thus, should be considered a remarkable attempt to offer a global perspective on Optimality Theory as a model of Universal Grammar.' Canadian Journal of Linguistics

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Non-Fiction Language & Linguistics Linguistics Grammar, Syntax & Morphology Phonetics Literacy Language Learning & Teaching Language Teaching & Learning Material & Coursework Grammar, Vocabulary & Pronunciation

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Paperback

Published: 6th March 2002

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How to Use This Book	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Prologue	p. 1
The Core of Optimality Theory	p. 3
Basic Architecture	p. 3
Candidate Comparison	p. 3
Ranked Constraints and Eval	p. 6
Gen	p. 8
Summary, with Possible Variations	p. 10
The Theory of Constraints	p. 11
The Universality of Constraints	p. 11
Constraint Typology	p. 13
Constraint Schemata and Fixed Hierarchies	p. 17
Constraint Interaction	p. 22
Faithful and Unfaithful Mappings	p. 22
Homogeneity of Target/Heterogeneity of Process	p. 25
Blocking Effects	p. 26
Summary	p. 29
How to Do OT	p. 30
Ranking Known Constraints	p. 30
Selecting Informative Candidates	p. 34
Diagnosing Problems	p. 36
Positing New Constraints	p. 39
For Further Reading	p. 42
Notes	p. 44
The Context of Optimality Theory	p. 48
Developments in Phonological Theory	p. 48
Syntactic Theory Contrasted with Phonological Theory	p. 55
Rules and Constraints in Phonology and Syntax	p. 56
Harmony Theory	p. 59
For Further Reading	p. 61
Notes	p. 64
The Results of Optimality Theory	p. 66
Consequences of Markedness/Faithfulness Interaction	p. 66
The Basics: Ranking Prerequisites for an Unfaithful Mapping	p. 67
Inventories and Richness of the Base	p. 68
Basic Concepts	p. 68
The Duplication Problem, with Examples	p. 71
Absolute Ill-Formedness	p. 76
The Lexicon and Richness of the Base	p. 76
Syntactic Applications	p. 81
Summary and Methodological Remark	p. 82
Distributional Restrictions	p. 82
Basic Notions	p. 82
Factorial Typology	p. 83
Identical Distribution	p. 84
Complementary Distribution	p. 84
Contextual Neutralization	p. 87
A Syntactic Example: Only-When-Needed Behavior	p. 89
Summary	p. 91
Processes and Systems of Processes	p. 91
Basic Notions	p. 91
Homogeneity of Target/Heterogeneity of Process	p. 93
Conspiracies	p. 95
Interim Summary	p. 101
Harmonic Ascent	p. 101
Incomplete Process-Specificity of Blocking	p. 103
No Constraint-Specificity of Repair	p. 106
No Construction-Specificity of Interactions	p. 107
Peroration	p. 108
Typology and Universals	p. 108
Overview	p. 108
Architectural Imperatives	p. 109
Universals from Factorial Typology	p. 112
Universals from Fixed Hierarchies	p. 117
Summary	p. 119
Consequences of Constraint Violability	p. 120
Nonuniformity of Structure	p. 121
The Basics	p. 121
Exemplification	p. 121
Opposite Constraints	p. 125
Summary and Comparative Remarks	p. 128
Emergence of the Unmarked	p. 129
The Basics	p. 129
Comparison with Parameters	p. 131
Comparison with Default Rules	p. 132
Summary	p. 134
Extremism and Economy	p. 134
Consequences of Globality and Parallelism	p. 138
Globality and Parallelism Explained	p. 138
Exemplification	p. 142
Consequences of Globality	p. 142
Consequences of Parallelism: Overview	p. 142
Consequences of Parallelism I: Chicken-Egg Effects	p. 144
Consequences of Parallelism II: Top-Down Effects	p. 146
Consequences of Parallelism III: Structurally Remote Interaction	p. 149
Consequences of Parallelism IV: Derivationally Remote Interaction	p. 152
Some Challenges to Remote Interaction	p. 156
Consequences of Parallelism V: Globality Effects	p. 158
Summary	p. 163
Other Architectures for OT	p. 163
The Context and the Issues	p. 163
Harmonic Serialism	p. 166
Cyclic Evaluation	p. 170
Modular Architectures	p. 172
Other Approaches to Opacity in OT	p. 174
Final Remarks	p. 177
For Further Reading	p. 178
Notes	p. 185
The Connections of Optimality Theory	p. 192
Further Issues in OT Syntax	p. 193
Some Controversial Questions	p. 193
Absolute Ill-Formedness	p. 195
Syntactic Optionality	p. 200
Learnability and Acquisition	p. 202
Language Learnability	p. 202
Language Acquisition	p. 207
Formal and Computational Analysis	p. 216
Functionalism	p. 220
Introduction	p. 220
Formal Constraints and Physical Events	p. 222
Evaluating Phonological Systems	p. 225
Variation and Change	p. 227
For Further Reading	p. 230
Notes	p. 234
Epilogue	p. 237
Frequently Asked Questions	p. 239
Symbols and Abbreviations	p. 247
References	p. 251
Index of Names	p. 299
Index of Constraints	p. 305
Index of Languages	p. 307
Index of Topics	p. 309
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

A Thematic Guide to Optimality Theory

At a Glance

Hardcover

Industry Reviews

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