50 Studies Every Doctor Should Know

Section 1: Preventive Medicine1. Preventing Diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program2. A Comparison of Different Dieting Strategies3. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: The Physicians' Health Study and the Women's Health Study4. Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Women's Health Initiative5. The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC)6. The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography7. The Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: The Future II TrialSection 2: Internal Medicine8. Arrhythmia Suppression Following Myocardial Infarction: The CAST Trial9. Choosing First-Line Therapy for Hypertension: The ALLHAT Trial10. Statins in Healthy Patients with an Elevated C-Reactive Protein: The JUPITER Trial11. Rate vs. Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The AFFIRM Trial12. Lenient vs. Strict Heart Rate Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The RACE II Trial13. Beta-Blockers for Systolic Heart Failure: The MERIT-HF Trial14. Initial Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The COURAGE Trial15. Treating Elevated Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS)16. Intensive vs. Conservative Blood Sugar Control for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Trial17. The African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT)18. Early vs. Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with HIV: The NA-ACCORD Study19. Early vs. Late Initiation of Dialysis: The IDEAL Trial20. Early Goal-Directed Therapy in Sepsis21. Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients: The TRICC Trial22. Pulmonary Artery Catheters in Critically Ill Patients23. Step-Up vs. Step-Down Therapy for Dyspepsia: The DIAMOND Trial24. Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer PainSection 3: Surgery25. Perioperative Beta-Blockers in Non-Cardiac Surgery: The POISE Trial26. Cardiac Stents vs. Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Severe Coronary Artery Disease: The SYNTAX Trial27. Carotid Endarterectomy for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: The ACST Trial28. A Trial of Arthroscopic Knee Surgery29. Surgery vs. Rehabilitation for Chronic Low Back Pain: The MRC Spine Stabilization Trial30. Mastectomy vs. Lumpectomy for Invasive Breast Cancer: The B-06 Trial31. Long Term Impact of Bariatric Surgery: The Swedish Obese Subjects StudySection 4: Obstetrics32. The Canadian Multicenter Post-term Pregnancy Trial (CMPPT)33. Antepartum Glucocorticoids in Premature LaborSection 5: Pediatrics34. Treatment of Acute Otitis Media in Children35. A Trial of Early Ear Tube Placement in Children36. Inhaled Corticosteroids for Mild Persistent Asthma: The START Trial37. The Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (MTA)38. Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccination and AutismSection 6: Radiology39. Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Low Back Pain40. Screening for Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic Patients withDiabetes: The DIAD Study41. Diagnosing Acute Pulmonary Embolism: The Christopher Study42. Identifying Children with Low-Risk Head Injuries Who Do Not RequireComputed TomographySection 7: Neurology and Psychiatry43. Thrombolysis 3 to 4.5 Hours After an Acute Ischemic Stroke: The ECASS IIITrial44. Initial Treatment of Depression45. Behavioral vs. Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia in the ElderlySection 8: Systems Based Practice46. The Group Health Medical Home Demonstration47. A Program to Improve Care Coordination at Hospital Discharge: Project RED48. Reducing Catheter-Related Blood Stream Infections in the Intensive Care Unit: The Keystone ICU Project49. Early Palliative Care in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer50. Directly Observed Therapy for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in BaltimoreSection 9: Study Questions and Answers