| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Verification and Validation Problem Statement | p. 2 |
| Systems Engineering | p. 3 |
| Systems Engineering Standards | p. 5 |
| Model-Driven Architecture | p. 6 |
| Systems Engineering Modeling Languages | p. 8 |
| UML 2.x: Unified Modeling Language | p. 8 |
| SysML: Systems Modeling Language | p. 9 |
| IDEF: Integration Definition Methods | p. 10 |
| Outline | p. 11 |
| Architecture Frameworks, Model-Driven Architecture, and Simulation | p. 15 |
| Architecture Frameworks | p. 16 |
| Zachman Framework | p. 16 |
| Open Group Architecture Framework | p. 17 |
| DoD Architecture Framework | p. 18 |
| UK Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework | p. 25 |
| UML Profile for DoDAF/MODAF | p. 25 |
| AP233 Standard for Data Exchange | p. 26 |
| Executable Architectures or from Design to Simulation | p. 26 |
| Why Executable Architectures? | p. 27 |
| Modeling and Simulation as an Enabler for Executable Architectures | p. 28 |
| DoDAF in Relation to SE and SysML | p. 31 |
| Conclusion | p. 35 |
| Unified Modeling Language | p. 37 |
| UML History | p. 37 |
| UML Diagrams | p. 38 |
| Class Diagram | p. 39 |
| Component Diagram | p. 40 |
| Composite Structure Diagram | p. 41 |
| Deployment Diagram | p. 42 |
| Object Diagram | p. 43 |
| Package Diagram | p. 43 |
| Activity Diagram | p. 44 |
| Activity Diagram Execution | p. 47 |
| Use Case Diagram | p. 48 |
| State Machine Diagram | p. 49 |
| Sequence Diagram | p. 53 |
| Communication Diagram | p. 55 |
| Interaction Overview Diagram | p. 56 |
| Timing Diagram | p. 57 |
| UML Profiling Mechanisms | p. 58 |
| Conclusion | p. 59 |
| Systems Modeling Language | p. 61 |
| SysML History | p. 61 |
| UML and SysML Relationships | p. 62 |
| SysML Diagrams | p. 63 |
| Block Definition Diagram | p. 64 |
| Internal Block Diagram | p. 65 |
| Package Diagram | p. 66 |
| Parametric Diagram | p. 66 |
| Requirement Diagram | p. 67 |
| Activity Diagram | p. 69 |
| State Machine Diagram | p. 71 |
| Use Case Diagram | p. 72 |
| Sequence Diagram | p. 72 |
| Conclusion | p. 73 |
| Verification, Validation, and Accreditation | p. 75 |
| V&V Techniques Overview | p. 76 |
| Inspection | p. 77 |
| Testing | p. 77 |
| Simulation | p. 78 |
| Reference Model Equivalence Checking | p. 79 |
| Theorem Proving | p. 79 |
| Verification Techniques for Object-Oriented Design | p. 79 |
| Design Perspectives | p. 80 |
| Software Engineering Techniques | p. 80 |
| Formal Verification Techniques | p. 81 |
| Program Analysis Techniques | p. 82 |
| V&V of Systems Engineering Design Models | p. 83 |
| Tool Support | p. 88 |
| Formal Verification Environments | p. 88 |
| Static Analyzers | p. 90 |
| Conclusion | p. 92 |
| Automatic Approach for Synergistic Verification and Validation | p. 95 |
| Synergistic Verification and Validation Methodology | p. 96 |
| Dedicated V&V Approach for Systems Engineering | p. 99 |
| Automatic Formal Verification of System Design Models | p. 99 |
| Program Analysis of Behavioral Design Models | p. 100 |
| Software Engineering Quantitative Techniques | p. 101 |
| Probabilistic Behavior Assessment | p. 101 |
| Established Results | p. 102 |
| Verification and Validation Tool | p. 103 |
| Conclusion | p. 105 |
| Software Engineering Metrics in the Context of Systems Engineering | p. 107 |
| Metrics Suites Overview | p. 107 |
| Chidamber and Kemerer Metrics | p. 107 |
| MOOD Metrics | p. 108 |
| Li and Henry's Metrics | p. 109 |
| Lorenz and Kidd's Metrics | p. 109 |
| Robert Martin Metrics | p. 109 |
| Bansiya and Davis Metrics | p. 110 |
| Briand et al. Metrics | p. 110 |
| Quality Attributes | p. 111 |
| Software Metrics Computation | p. 111 |
| Abstractness (A) | p. 112 |
| Instability (I) | p. 112 |
| Distance from the Main Sequence (DMS) | p. 113 |
| Class Responsibility (CR) | p. 113 |
| Class Category Relational Cohesion (CCRC) | p. 114 |
| Depth of Inheritance Tree (DIT) | p. 114 |
| Number of Children (NOC) | p. 114 |
| Coupling Between Object Classes (CBO) | p. 115 |
| Number of Methods (NOM) | p. 116 |
| Number of Attributes (NOA) | p. 117 |
| Number of Methods Added (NMA) | p. 117 |
| Number of Methods Overridden (NMO) | p. 118 |
| Number of Methods Inherited (NMI) | p. 118 |
| Specialization Index (SIX) | p. 119 |
| Public Methods Ration (PMR) | p. 119 |
| Case Study | p. 120 |
| Conclusion | p. 123 |
| Verification and Validation of UML Behavioral Diagrams | p. 125 |
| Configuration Transition System | p. 125 |
| Model Checking of Configuration Transition Systems | p. 127 |
| Property Specification Using CTL | p. 129 |
| Program Analysis of Configuration Transition Systems | p. 130 |
| V&V of UML State Machine Diagram | p. 131 |
| Semantic Model Derivation | p. 132 |
| Case Study | p. 134 |
| Application of Program Analysis | p. 138 |
| V&V of UML Sequence Diagram | p. 141 |
| Semantic Model Derivation | p. 141 |
| Sequence Diagram Case Study | p. 142 |
| V&V of UML Activity Diagram | p. 145 |
| Semantic Model Derivation | p. 145 |
| Activity Diagram Case Study | p. 145 |
| Conclusion | p. 152 |
| Probabilistic Model Checking of SysML Activity Diagrams | p. 153 |
| Probabilistic Verification Approach | p. 153 |
| Translation into PRISM | p. 155 |
| PCTL* Property Specification | p. 160 |
| Case Study | p. 161 |
| Conclusion | p. 166 |
| Performance Analysis of Time-Constrained SysML Activity Diagrams | p. 167 |
| Time Annotation | p. 167 |
| Derivation of the Semantic Model | p. 169 |
| Model-Checking Time-Constrained Activity Diagrams | p. 170 |
| Discrete-Time Markov Chain | p. 172 |
| PRISM Input Language | p. 172 |
| Mapping SysML Activity Diagrams into DTMC | p. 173 |
| Threads Identification | p. 173 |
| Performance Analysis Case Study | p. 176 |
| Scalability | p. 181 |
| Conclusion | p. 187 |
| Semantic Foundations of SysML Activity Diagrams | p. 189 |
| Activity Calculus | p. 189 |
| Syntax | p. 190 |
| Operational Semantics | p. 194 |
| Case Study | p. 200 |
| Markov Decision Process | p. 203 |
| Conclusion | p. 203 |
| Soundness of the Translation Algorithm | p. 205 |
| Notation | p. 205 |
| Methodology | p. 206 |
| Formalization of the PRISM Input Language | p. 206 |
| Syntax | p. 207 |
| Operational Semantics | p. 208 |
| Formal Translation | p. 210 |
| Case Study | p. 213 |
| Simulation Preorder for Markov Decision Processes | p. 215 |
| Soundness of the Translation Algorithm | p. 217 |
| Conclusion | p. 222 |
| Conclusion | p. 223 |
| References | p. 227 |
| Index | p. 241 |
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