| Acknowledgments | p. ix |
| Contributors | p. xi |
| Foreword | p. xiii |
| Map of Uganda | p. xvi |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Postconflict Recovery and Macroeconomic Reforms | p. 5 |
| Households | p. 6 |
| Firms | p. 7 |
| Government | p. 8 |
| Sustainability and Lessons | p. 10 |
| References | p. 11 |
| Postconflict Recovery and Macroeconomic Reforms | p. 13 |
| Reconstruction and Liberalization: An Overview | p. 15 |
| The Inheritance of Disorder | p. 16 |
| The Restoration of Peace | p. 21 |
| Growth Policies in the Context of the Postconflict Economy | p. 24 |
| Economic Liberalization | p. 31 |
| Impact on Investment and Exports | p. 38 |
| The Role of Aid | p. 39 |
| Conclusions | p. 44 |
| References | p. 45 |
| Exchange Reforms, Stabilization, and Fiscal Management | p. 49 |
| Exchange Reforms | p. 50 |
| Legalizing the Parallel Market and Exchange Rate Unification | p. 52 |
| The Achievement of Macroeconomic Stability | p. 56 |
| Planning and Implementing Fiscal Policy | p. 58 |
| Targets, Tradeoffs, and Costs in Macroeconomic Management | p. 71 |
| Conclusions | p. 76 |
| References | p. 77 |
| Household Responses and Constraints | p. 81 |
| Changes in Poverty and Inequality | p. 83 |
| Changes in Mean Consumption Per Capita | p. 87 |
| Defining an Absolute Poverty Line for Uganda | p. 89 |
| Sectoral Decomposition of Poverty Changes | p. 105 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 111 |
| Methodology | p. 113 |
| References | p. 119 |
| Rural Households: Incomes, Productivity, and Nonfarm Enterprises | p. 123 |
| A Panorama of Rural Uganda | p. 124 |
| Intertemporal Changes in Household Income | p. 137 |
| Agricultural Productivity and Nonfarm Enterprises | p. 143 |
| Conclusions | p. 152 |
| Tables of Estimation Results | p. 154 |
| References | p. 174 |
| Crop Markets and Household Participation | p. 177 |
| Market Participation in the Early 1990s | p. 178 |
| A Market Model for Community Trade | p. 180 |
| The Determinants of Market Participation | p. 191 |
| The Effects of Price Changes on Household Welfare | p. 194 |
| Are Crop Markets Developing? | p. 195 |
| Conclusions and Policy Implications | p. 202 |
| Calculating Household Welfare | p. 203 |
| References | p. 203 |
| Firm Responses and Constraints | p. 205 |
| Confronting Competition: Investment, Profit, and Risk | p. 207 |
| Investment Response | p. 209 |
| Constraints to Investment | p. 216 |
| Conclusions and Policy Recommendations | p. 226 |
| Data and Estimation Results | p. 228 |
| Derivation of the Investment Equation | p. 231 |
| References | p. 232 |
| Productivity and Exports | p. 235 |
| Trade Liberalization, Exports, and Productivity | p. 236 |
| Enterprise Responses to Changing Incentives | p. 238 |
| Export Response | p. 246 |
| Conclusions | p. 252 |
| Productivity Measures | p. 253 |
| References | p. 265 |
| Government Performance from a Beneficiary Perspective | p. 269 |
| A Quest for Revenue and Tax Incidence | p. 271 |
| Revenue Trends and Tax Reforms | p. 276 |
| Method and Data for Tax Incidence Analysis | p. 278 |
| Tax Incidence on Households | p. 280 |
| Marginal Effective Tax Rate for Firms | p. 281 |
| Cross-Border Comparison for Foreign Firms | p. 288 |
| Compliance and Tax Administration | p. 292 |
| Conclusions | p. 295 |
| Household Incidence Analysis and the Concept of Welfare Dominance | p. 296 |
| Marginal Effective Tax Rate | p. 298 |
| Figures and Tables for Household Incidence and METR | p. 302 |
| References | p. 316 |
| The Cost of Doing Business: Firms' Experience with Corruption | p. 319 |
| The Data | p. 321 |
| Incidence, Level, and Effects of Corruption | p. 321 |
| Case Studies | p. 331 |
| Conclusions | p. 334 |
| Ranking of Constraints and Payment of Bribes | p. 336 |
| References | p. 340 |
| Recovery in Service Delivery: Evidence from Schools and Health Centers | p. 343 |
| Diagnostic Survey | p. 346 |
| Education and Public Spending | p. 347 |
| Health Care and Public Spending | p. 363 |
| Conclusions and Policy Changes | p. 366 |
| References | p. 368 |
| What Can We Expect from Universal Primary Education? | p. 371 |
| Access to Education Prior to the UPE Initiative | p. 373 |
| Returns to Education: Productivity and Labor Allocation Effects | p. 378 |
| Effects of UPE on School Quality | p. 395 |
| Summary and Conclusions | p. 400 |
| Models | p. 401 |
| References | p. 402 |
| Combating Illness | p. 407 |
| Health Policy and Access to Services | p. 409 |
| Burden of Disease | p. 414 |
| Demand for Curative and Preventive Services | p. 423 |
| Conclusions and the Way Forward | p. 430 |
| Data and Estimation Results | p. 433 |
| References | p. 444 |
| Sustainability and Lessons | p. 451 |
| Beyond Recovery | p. 453 |
| References | p. 460 |
| Appendixes | |
| Household Surveys | p. 463 |
| The Uganda Enterprise Survey | p. 467 |
| References | p. 473 |
| List of Tables, Figures, and Boxes | p. 475 |
| Index | p. 481 |
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