| Introduction | p. ix |
| What This Book is About | p. ix |
| Origins of the Book and Authors' Perspective | p. xi |
| Our Approach and the Scope of the Book | p. xiii |
| Readership of the Book | p. xiv |
| Organization of Contents | p. xv |
| Glossary | p. xvii |
| Setting the Scene | |
| Translation and Interpretation in Transition: Serving the Digital World | p. 1 |
| Translation-mediated Communication (TMC) | p. 1 |
| Impact of the Internet on Translation | p. 9 |
| Evolution of New Language Support | p. 16 |
| Emerging Needs for Teletranslation and Teleinterpretation | p. 20 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 22 |
| Redefining Context for Teletranslation and Teleinterpretation | p. 23 |
| The Translator's New Workplace | p. 23 |
| Translation Competence and Translator Competence | p. 27 |
| Redefining the Context | p. 32 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 36 |
| Technologies Enabling Teletranslation | |
| Language Engineering and the Internet | p. 37 |
| Overview: Translation and Technology | p. 37 |
| Language Engineering | p. 39 |
| Translation Engineers | p. 48 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 49 |
| Computer-mediated Communication and Translation | p. 51 |
| Characteristics of CMC and Translation | p. 51 |
| Transterpreting as a New Mode of Translation | p. 58 |
| Speech Communication on the Internet | p. 62 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 64 |
| Globalization and Localization: Culturalization of Content and Package | p. 66 |
| Globalization and Localization | p. 66 |
| Internationalization and TMC | p. 69 |
| Culturalization of Content and Package | p. 71 |
| Language Management and Levels of Language Facilitation | p. 74 |
| Culturalization of Technology: The Case of i-mode | p. 76 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 78 |
| Emerging Domains of Translation Practice | |
| Teletranslation | p. 79 |
| Teletranslation Redefined | p. 79 |
| Teletranslation from the User's Perspective | p. 84 |
| Teletranslation from the Provider's Perspective | p. 87 |
| Translation-mediated Communication with Teletranslation | p. 89 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 93 |
| Teleinterpretation | p. 94 |
| Development of Remote Interpreting | p. 94 |
| Teleinterpretation Paradigm | p. 98 |
| Translation-mediated Communication with Teleinterpretation | p. 101 |
| Critical Issues | p. 102 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 107 |
| Future Tense | |
| Virtual Communities for Translators and Interpreters | p. 108 |
| Internet-based Learning for Translators | p. 108 |
| Web-based Course: Case Study 1 | p. 110 |
| Web-based Course: Case Study 2 | p. 117 |
| Teleinterpretation for the GVU as the Client | p. 122 |
| A Virtual Course for Interpreters | p. 124 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 125 |
| Global Information Society and the New Paradigm of Language Support | p. 127 |
| Paradigm Shift | p. 128 |
| Studying the Future | p. 130 |
| Future Scenarios | p. 131 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 140 |
| New Paradigm of Translation and Interpretation | p. 142 |
| Elements of Change | p. 142 |
| Two-Dimensional to Three-Dimensional Virtual World | p. 145 |
| Possibilities in the New Paradigm | p. 150 |
| Key Issues for Translation-mediated Communication | p. 153 |
| Conclusions | p. 156 |
| Topics for Further Research or Discussion | p. 157 |
| Postscript | p. 158 |
| References | p. 160 |
| Index | p. 166 |
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