| Prologue | p. xiii |
| Foreword | p. xvii |
| Introduction | p. 1 |
| Early History | p. 1 |
| Titan in Mythology | p. 5 |
| Space Exploration of the Solar System | p. 8 |
| The 20th Century, Before Voyager | p. 13 |
| The Voyager Missions to Titan | p. 16 |
| Space Missions to the Saturnian System | p. 16 |
| Voyager Observations of Titan | p. 20 |
| Atmospheric Bulk Composition | p. 22 |
| Vertical Temperature Structure | p. 22 |
| Energy Balance and the Temperature Profile in the Thermosphere | p. 26 |
| Atmospheric Composition | p. 28 |
| Photochemistry | p. 31 |
| Cloud and Haze Properties | p. 34 |
| Speculations on the Surface and Landscape of Titan from Voyager | p. 35 |
| The Aftermath of Voyager | p. 36 |
| Observations of Titan from the Earth | p. 38 |
| Introduction | p. 38 |
| Space Observatories | p. 38 |
| Hubble Space Telescope | p. 39 |
| The James Webb Space Telescope | p. 40 |
| Infrared Space Observatory | p. 41 |
| Ground-Based Observatories | p. 44 |
| Mauna Kea Observatories | p. 44 |
| The European Southern Observatories | p. 46 |
| The University of Arizona and Steward Observatory Telescopes | p. 48 |
| Radio Astronomy | p. 49 |
| Earth-Based Studies of Titan | p. 52 |
| Occultations of Titan | p. 52 |
| The Radar Search for Oceans, Seas or Lakes | p. 54 |
| Spectroscopic Measurements of Titan's Albedo | p. 57 |
| Imaging Titan's Atmosphere in the Near-Infrared | p. 64 |
| Imaging the Surface | p. 66 |
| Ground-Based Observations and Cassini-Huygens | p. 71 |
| Cassini-Huygens: Orbiting Saturn and Landing on Titan | p. 72 |
| Introduction | p. 72 |
| The Spacecraft and its Systems | p. 73 |
| Scientific Objectives | p. 77 |
| The Long History of the Cassini-Huygens Mission | p. 79 |
| Departure for the Saturnian System | p. 82 |
| Journey to Saturn and Orbit Insertion | p. 84 |
| Huygens Descends onto Titan | p. 85 |
| Experiments and Payloads | p. 89 |
| The Scientific Instruments on the Orbiter | p. 89 |
| The Scientific Instruments on the Probe | p. 99 |
| Touring the Saturnian System | p. 107 |
| Observations of Saturn | p. 107 |
| The Icy Satellites, and Saturn's Rings | p. 109 |
| Saturn's Magnetosphere and Titan | p. 112 |
| Being Involved: Scientists and Instrument Providers | p. 113 |
| Reaping the Benefits | p. 115 |
| Colour Plates | p. 117 |
| Titan's Atmosphere and Climate | p. 129 |
| The Climate on Titan | p. 129 |
| Atmospheric Pressure Profile | p. 129 |
| Atmospheric Thermal Structure | p. 131 |
| Troposphere | p. 133 |
| Stratosphere | p. 135 |
| Mesosphere | p. 136 |
| Thermosphere | p. 136 |
| Exosphere | p. 136 |
| Radiation in Titan's Atmosphere | p. 137 |
| Solar and Thermal Radiation | p. 137 |
| Energy Balance and Surface Temperature | p. 137 |
| Model Temperature Profile | p. 138 |
| Radiative Equilibrium Temperature Profile | p. 139 |
| Remote Atmospheric Temperature Sounding | p. 141 |
| Titan's Ionosphere and its Interaction with the Magnetosphere of Saturn | p. 144 |
| Climate Change on Titan | p. 147 |
| Chemistry and Composition | p. 150 |
| Titan's Chemical Composition | p. 150 |
| The Bulk Composition of the Atmosphere | p. 154 |
| Ionospheric Chemistry | p. 155 |
| Trace Constituents in the Neutral Atmosphere | p. 157 |
| Stratospheric Composition Measurements with Cassini | p. 160 |
| Vertical Distributions | p. 175 |
| Spatial Variations | p. 177 |
| Temporal Variations of the Trace Constituents | p. 180 |
| Photochemistry | p. 181 |
| Hydrocarbons | p. 185 |
| Nitriles | p. 188 |
| Oxygen Compounds | p. 189 |
| Condensation Efficiencies | p. 192 |
| Aerosol Production | p. 193 |
| Clouds and Hazes | p. 194 |
| Introduction and Overview | p. 194 |
| Terrestrial Clouds and Precipitation | p. 197 |
| Visible Aspects of Titan's Haze | p. 198 |
| Size and Vertical Distribution of the Haze Particles | p. 201 |
| Haze Vertical Profiles | p. 203 |
| Haze Opacity Spatial Variations | p. 205 |
| Tropospheric Condensate Clouds | p. 206 |
| Thermal and Dynamical Interactions with the Haze | p. 210 |
| Observational Evidence on the Aerosol Composition | p. 213 |
| Laboratory Simulations of Haze Materials | p. 217 |
| Chemical Composition of Tholins | p. 218 |
| Optical Properties of Tholins | p. 221 |
| Microphysical Models of Titan's Haze | p. 223 |
| Organic Haze Production | p. 223 |
| Fractal Models and Scattering Properties of the Haze | p. 227 |
| Discussion and Conclusion | p. 229 |
| Atmospheric Dynamics and Meteorology | p. 231 |
| Introduction | p. 231 |
| Dynamics of Planetary Atmospheres | p. 232 |
| Titan's General Circulation | p. 237 |
| Zonal Motions | p. 238 |
| The Meridional Circulation | p. 243 |
| The Hemispherical Asymmetry | p. 244 |
| The Polar Vortex | p. 245 |
| Vertical Motions | p. 247 |
| Waves, Tides and Turbulence | p. 250 |
| The Weather Near the Surface | p. 251 |
| Does Lightning Occur on Titan? | p. 255 |
| The Surface and Interior of Titan | p. 258 |
| Introduction | p. 258 |
| Remote Sensing of the Surface | p. 259 |
| Huygens Takes a Plunge | p. 261 |
| Naming Distant New Places | p. 266 |
| Evidence for Geological Activity | p. 269 |
| Albedo Variations | p. 269 |
| Craters | p. 270 |
| Mountains and Volcanoes | p. 273 |
| Dunes | p. 274 |
| Lakes | p. 275 |
| The Nature and Composition of the Surface | p. 277 |
| The Interior of Titan | p. 281 |
| Titan's Origin and Evolution in the Solar System | p. 286 |
| Introduction | p. 286 |
| Relations Among Solar System Bodies | p. 287 |
| The Formation of the Solar System | p. 289 |
| The Terrestrial Planets and Titan | p. 290 |
| Titan and the Outer Planets | p. 297 |
| Titan and the Other Saturnian Satellites | p. 304 |
| Titan and Europa | p. 318 |
| Nitrogen Atmospheres in the Outer Solar System | p. 318 |
| Titan's Origin and Evolution | p. 321 |
| Evolutionary Models for Titan's Atmosphere | p. 324 |
| Origin of the Atmospheric Components | p. 325 |
| Titan and Life | p. 329 |
| Open Questions | p. 330 |
| Beyond Cassini/Huygens: The Future Exploration of Titan | p. 332 |
| Returning to Titan | p. 332 |
| Titan as a Target of Astrobiological Interest | p. 334 |
| Science Drivers and Measurements Needed | p. 335 |
| Advanced Titan Mission Concepts | p. 337 |
| Technology Requirements | p. 339 |
| Mission Architecture and Design | p. 339 |
| Getting to Titan: Launch and Propulsion | p. 340 |
| The Voyage of the Titania | p. 341 |
| Explorers on Titan | p. 343 |
| Glossary and Acronyms | p. 350 |
| References and Bibliography | p. 358 |
| Index | p. 391 |
| Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
