The Eastern Archaic, Historicized

By: Kenneth E. Sassaman

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Paperback | 1 July 2015

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296 Pages

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15.5 x 23.1 x 2.9

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The Eastern Archaic, Historicized offers an alternative perspective on the genesis and transformation of cultural diversity over eight millennia of hunter-gatherer dwelling in eastern North America. For many decades, archaeological understanding of Archaic diversity has been dominated by perspectives that emphasize localized relationships between humans and environment. The evidence, shows, however that Archaic people routinely associated with other groups throughout eastern North America and expressed themselves materially in ways that reveal historical links to other places and times. Starting with the colonization of eastern North America by two distinct ancestral lines, the Eastern Archaic was an era of migrations, ethnogenesis, and coalescenceâ"an 8,200-year era of making histories through interactions and expressing them culturally in ritual and performance.

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As the title suggests, this is an attempt to reintegrate humanism into archaeological science, to use the best aspects of older culture history with the scientific techniques of the New Archaeology. The focus is on Archaic complex sites situated east of the Mississippi River from southern Canada to Florida, and dating from ca. 10,000 to 3,000 BCE. Sassaman (Univ. of Florida, Gainesville) argues that there are two ancestral populations that, by their creative interaction, are responsible for the rich cultural complexity of the Late Archaic with its associated elaboration in ceremonial mound construction like Poverty Point sites and the wider mortuary cults of the greater Florida area, with evidence of craft specialization and extensive trade. These people are the "accepted" descendants of Clovis populations and a proposed different people of the Cascade phase and Old Cordilleran tradition, coming into eastern America via the upper Missouri River. The author reminds readers of the rich natural resources of eastern America, with extensive fish and shellfish, nut mast, and flora and fauna available to Amerindians before agriculture. This richness made possible developments of complex sedentary cultures in eastern America that have direct parallels in their cultural elaboration with the historic Northwest Coast Indians. Summing Up: Recommended.

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