The Cognitive Maps

Joint Publication 5-0, Joint Operation Planning, highlights the importance of the integration of the military actions with those of other instruments of national power to achieve the desired end state.1 The DOD planning process lacks a clearly defined to create a systematic approach to effectively integrate the diplomatic, information, military and economic national instruments of power. Department of Defense Joint Publication 1, Joint Warfare of the Armed Forces of the United States, states that "the United States relies for its security on the complementary application of the basic instruments of national power: diplomatic, economic, informational, and military." US involvement in recent conflicts has highlighted a need for a more clearly defined planning process between the Department of Defense (DOD) and the Department of State (DOS) that focuses all the instruments of power (IOP) on the desired end state. Currently there is no process in place to improve DOD and DOS interagency planning.

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