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Telemetry Systems Design

By: Frank Carden

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Hardcover | 1 December 1995

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280 Pages

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24.13 x 15.88 x 1.91

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Shows you how design procedures are developed for frequency modulation systems.

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Non-Fiction Engineering & Technology Electronics & Communications Engineering Communications Engineering & Telecommunications Radio Technology Energy Technology & Engineering Electrical Engineering Transport Technology & Trades Aerospace & Aviation Technology Technology in General

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xv
Telemetry System Definition	p. 1
Learning Objectives	p. 1
Telemetry System Overview	p. 1
Data Collection System	p. 4
Multiplex System	p. 5
FDM System	p. 5
PCM Time Division Multiplexing	p. 9
Combination of FDM and TDM	p. 12
Modulator, Transmitter, and Antenna	p. 12
FM/FM	p. 12
PCM/FM Generation	p. 12
Hybrid Systems: PCM/FM + FM/FM, PCM/FM/FM	p. 12
Transmission or Waveform Channel	p. 13
Antenna, RF Receiver: RF and IF Amplifiers, Carrier Demodulator	p. 15
Demultiplex System	p. 15
Frequency Division Demultiplexing	p. 15
Time Division Demultiplexing	p. 15
Hybrid Systems	p. 16
Data Processing, Handling, and Display	p. 17
Supporting Equipment and Operations	p. 17
Diversity Combining	p. 17
Predetection Recording	p. 18
IRIG Channel Standards	p. 19
Problems	p. 21
References	p. 23
Analog Frequency Modulation	p. 25
Learning Objectives	p. 25
Single-Channel FM	p. 26
Time Domain FM Carrier Model	p. 26
FM Spectrum	p. 27
FM Bandwidth Requirements	p. 28
FM Modulation Implementation	p. 30
FM Demodulation Implementation	p. 31
FM/FM	p. 32
FM/FM Definition	p. 32
IRIG Spectrum Utilization	p. 33
Systems Contaminated With Noise	p. 34
Single-Channel FM	p. 34
FM/FM	p. 35
FM/FM Multiplex Systems	p. 39
PBW Channels	p. 39
CBW Channels	p. 39
Operational Filter Bandwidths	p. 40
Receiver IF Bandwidth	p. 40
Video Filter Bandwidth	p. 40
Development of the FM Noise Model and Signal-to-Noise Ratio	p. 40
Carrier Plus Noise Model	p. 40
Signal-to-Noise Ratios	p. 41
Threshold	p. 44
Threshold Description	p. 44
Threshold Carrier Model and Description	p. 44
Effect of Increasing the IF Bandwidth	p. 45
Transmission Bandwidth Estimation	p. 46
Problems	p. 46
References	p. 48
Design of FM/FM Systems	p. 51
Learning Objectives	p. 51
System Parameters	p. 52
Design procedure	p. 52
Design Examples	p. 56
PBW Channel	p. 56
CBW Channel	p. 64
Threshold	p. 68
Signal-to-Noise Ratio for a Bandpass Filter	p. 68
Threshold Design Margin	p. 69
Changing the Preemphasis Schedule to Utilize Specified IF or Transmission Bandwidth	p. 72
Bandwidth Utilization	p. 72
Design Equations	p. 72
Designing to a Specified Transmission Bandwidth	p. 74
Design Process	p. 74
Designing the Preemphasis Schedule for Different Values for the D[subscript si]'s	p. 77
Design Equations and Procedure	p. 77
Example 7	p. 78
Summary of the Results for Example 7	p. 79
Designing the Preemphasis Schedule for the Minimum Transmission Bandwidth With Equal D[subscript si]'s (Concurrent All-Channel Dropout)	p. 79
Design Equations and Procedure	p. 80
Example 8	p. 81
Summary of Examples 6 and 8	p. 83
Designing the Preemphasis Schedule for All-Channel Dropout and Unequal D[subscript si]'s	p. 83
Example 9	p. 84
Designing the Preemphasis Schedule for Different Specified Signal-to-Noise Ratios in the Channels	p. 85
Example 10	p. 86
Hardware Implementation of the Preemphasis Schedule	p. 87
Example 11	p. 87
Summary of Design Procedures	p. 88
IRIG B[subscript IF] Specifications	p. 89
Preliminary Problems	p. 89
Regular Design Problems	p. 91
References	p. 100
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)	p. 101
Learning Objectives	p. 102
Quantization and Analog-to-Digital Conversion	p. 102
Quantization Errors	p. 102
Hardware Implementation of Quantizers and Analog Converters	p. 103
Line Coding or Transmission Format	p. 106
Line Code Formats	p. 106
Characteristics of the NRZ and Bi[phi] Line Codes	p. 108
Delay Modulation Code Characteristics	p. 109
Power Spectrum	p. 109
Frame Design and Creation	p. 111
Frame Design	p. 111
Frame Creation	p. 113
Frame Synchronization	p. 116
False Lock	p. 117
Subframe Synchronization	p. 117
Minor Frame Sync Word Complement	p. 117
Recycle Subframe Synchronization	p. 118
Identification Subframe Synchronization	p. 118
IRIG Specifications Overview	p. 119
IRIG Fixed Format, Type I	p. 119
IRIG Type II	p. 120
Problems	p. 120
References	p. 122
PCM/FM	p. 123
Learning Objectives	p. 123
PCM/FM	p. 123
Time Waveform	p. 124
PCM/FM Spectrum	p. 125
PCM/FM Bandwidth	p. 125
PCM/FM Overview	p. 128
PCM/FM Transmitter System	p. 128
PCM/FM Receiving System	p. 129
BER in a PCM/FM System	p. 131
BER in Terms of System Parameters	p. 131
Comparison of PCM/FM and Noncontinuous PCM/FM	p. 134
BER as a Function of Bit Rate	p. 135
Bit Synchronizer Performance	p. 135
PCM/FM Example 1	p. 137
PCM/FM System Design	p. 138
Setting the PCM/FM Transmission and Receiver System Operating Parameters in Terms of the Bit Rate for NRZ	p. 138
Design of PCM/FM for Bi[phi] (Manchester)	p. 139
BER	p. 139
Setting System Parameters for a Minimum BER for Bi[phi]	p. 140
Signal-to-Noise Ratio for PCM, Including Quantization and Bit Error Noise	p. 141
Actual PCM/FM Spectrum	p. 143
Problems	p. 147
References	p. 148
Binary Phase Shift Keying, Pulse Code Modulation/Phase Modulation	p. 149
Learning Objectives	p. 149
Binary Phase Shift Keying Model	p. 150
BPSK Generation	p. 152
BPSK Detection by a Correlation Receiver	p. 152
No Noise	p. 153
With Noise	p. 155
Maximum Likelihood Detection	p. 156
Bit Errors	p. 157
Bit Error Probability in Terms of N[subscript o] and E[subscript b]	p. 158
BPSK Modulation	p. 159
BPSK in General	p. 159
Model for General BPSK	p. 160
Actual Receiving Hardware	p. 161
The Receiver	p. 161
The Bit Synchronizer and Matched-Filter Implementation	p. 162
Comparison of BERS for BPSK and PCM/FM	p. 163
Q-Function	p. 165
BPSK Power Spectral Density	p. 165
Spectrum in a Practical System	p. 165
Overall Comparison Between PCM/FM and BPSK	p. 166
BER	p. 166
Transmission Bandwidth	p. 166
Hardware Considerations	p. 167
General PM Modulation	p. 167
Comparison of PM and FM Modulation	p. 168
FM Modulation Employing a PM Modulator	p. 169
Hardware to Achieve FM With a PM Modulator	p. 169
Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK)	p. 171
Problems	p. 173
References	p. 175
Synchronization	p. 177
Learning Objectives	p. 178
Functions of the Bit Synchronizer	p. 178
Bit Detector Function	p. 179
Clock Extractor Function	p. 179
Data Formatter Function	p. 179
Control Signals	p. 179
Hardware Block Implementation	p. 179
Bit Detector Implementation	p. 179
Clock Extractor Implementation	p. 180
Frame Synchronizer	p. 184
Synchronization Steps	p. 184
Digital Correlator	p. 185
Demultiplexer	p. 186
Problems	p. 188
Reference	p. 189
Hybrid Systems: PCM/FM + FM/FM and PCM/FM/FM	p. 191
Learning Objectives	p. 191
PCM/FM + FM/FM System Design	p. 191
Filter Specification	p. 193
Interference	p. 193
Impact of the Interference on the FM/FM Channels Output [S/N][subscript o]	p. 196
Signal-to-Noise Ratios for Composite Modulation	p. 198
Carrier Deviation by the PCM Sequence and the Highest Frequency Subcarrier	p. 199
Impact of the Subcarriers on the BER of the Bit Sequence	p. 199
PCM/FM + FM/FM Design Example	p. 199
Constant Bandwidth Channels	p. 200
PCM/FM/FM	p. 205
Selecting the Subcarriers for FM/FM	p. 206
Selecting the PCM Subcarrier Channel	p. 206
FM/FM Preemphasis Design	p. 207
Designing for the Output Signal-to-Noise in the PCM Channel	p. 207
PCM/FM/FM Design Example	p. 208
Problems	p. 211
PCM/FM/FM Design Problems	p. 212
References	p. 214
Convolutional Coding for Forward Error Correction	p. 215
Learning Objectives	p. 216
Hamming Distance	p. 216
Convolutional Encoding	p. 216
Two-Stage Encoder	p. 217
Convolutional Code Trellis	p. 218
Free Distance of a Convolutional Code	p. 220
Code Vectors	p. 220
Decoding	p. 221
Viterbi Decoding	p. 222
Detection Decisions	p. 224
Hard Decisions	p. 225
Soft Decisions	p. 226
Coding Gains and BERS	p. 227
Asymptotic Coding Gain	p. 228
Hardware Implementation	p. 229
Comparison of Coded and Uncoded Systems	p. 229
Relationship Between the Parameters of Coded and Uncoded Systems	p. 229
Example: Design a Binary PSK System	p. 232
Coded PCM/FM	p. 233
Hardware Decoder Implementation for PCM/FM	p. 234
Problems	p. 234
References	p. 236
IRIG Specifications	p. 237
Frame Synchronization Words	p. 243
Glossary	p. 245
About the Author	p. 247
Index	p. 249
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.

Telemetry Systems Design

At a Glance

Hardcover

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How to return your order

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You Can Find This Book In

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